As the world's largest population of elderly people in the country, the huge scale of China's elderly people will realize where the most beautiful "sunset red", this is a matter of "the old have to rely on" a big topic. In recent years, in the face of aging brought about by the "silver wave", many places to launch planning measures, and actively explore new models of community-based elderly care services.
File photo: Elderly people exercise in the community.
"Silver wave" is coming
China's old-age care focuses on the family and the community
Data from the seventh national census shows that China's population aged 60 years old and above has reached 264 million. billion. It is predicted that during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the country's elderly population will exceed 300 million.
For a long time, China's old-age pension has formed a "9073" pattern, that is, about 90% of the elderly living at home, about 7% of the elderly relying on community pension, about 3% of the elderly living in institutions. In recent years, along with the "living alone", "empty nest", "disabled" and other groups of elderly people by the public opinion focus, how to improve the community and family services for the elderly, it is more urgent.
In October this year, Wang Haidong, director of the Department of Aging and Health of the National Health Commission, told the media that the future focus of elderly services should be placed on the home and the community, and that we should vigorously strengthen the supply of elderly services at home and in the community, build a 15-minute circle of elderly services, and improve the accessibility and quality of elderly services at home.
A few days ago, the Central **** State Council issued the "Opinions on Strengthening the Work of the Elderly in the New Era" also proposed to "build a senior care service system and health support system that is coordinated with home-based community institutions and combines medical care, health care, and recreation and nourishment," and to "build on the basis of aging at home, through new construction, In addition, the document also proposes to "encourage adult children to live with their elderly parents nearby or *** with them".
File photo. Zheng Yingying photo
How to "move" the nursing home into the home?
Many places are exploring the construction of new elderly communities
In recent years, in response to the supply of elderly services in the community at home, many places have innovated their concepts and services, and are actively exploring community-based elderly care models adapted to local needs.
For example, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, in the community to build a nursing station focusing on door-to-door care services, to undertake the elderly institutions, community care institutions and home-based elderly medical care services. Home care services, promote the construction of home care beds, the elderly service agencies to provide home services, the realization of the ageing of the transformation, intelligent equipment, professional services "three into the home".
In Qingdao, Shandong Province, the city's international health industry gathering area in the construction of the BAYANG Oasis homes, sanatorium-level health community as the goal, the construction of "home with a doctor, when you can care for, often do physical therapy, everyone understands the health of the new health care community.
The community is centered on the family doctor, who collects health data instantly through smart wearable devices and provides timely feedback on abnormalities, providing residents, especially the elderly, with "safe first aid," "treatment referral," "prevention and warning," and "prevention and warning. prevention and early warning" "management improvement" "group ecology" five-level health services for residents, especially the elderly, to establish a professional and personalized health management service system for the whole life cycle.
In Sichuan, since last year, Sichuan comprehensively implemented the quality and efficiency project of home community pension services, pilot construction of intelligent pension community, to create a home community "15-minute pension service circle", the establishment of the information platform for the elderly service, can be collected and analyzed information data of the elderly under the jurisdiction of the district; through the platform and the Internet of Things, and other technical equipment, to provide first aid assistance to the elderly. Through the platform and the Internet of Things and other technical equipment, the elderly are provided with first aid assistance, safety protection, remote care and other elderly services.
File photo.
The key that can't be ignored
Retirement communities can't be heavy on development and light on services
The "silver wave" has brought new challenges to economic and social development, and has also given rise to huge new consumer potential. Recently, according to the data of Enterprise Search, China's pension-related enterprises have more than 280,000, more than 51,000 registered in 2020, a year-on-year growth of 22%, January-November this year *** new more than 49,000 related enterprises, a year-on-year growth of 19%.
The market space is vast, and there are many cases of exploration around the world, but the current problems in the construction of China's medical and nursing care community should not be ignored.
Social Science and Technology Press and other organizations released in November last year, China's community development report (2019 ~ 2020), mentioned that China's "medical care" senior care service model started late, the vast majority of community health service organizations do not have a strong sense of service, medical service capacity is insufficient, the residents do not have a high sense of identity, can not really provide convenient services to the community residents. The majority of community health service organizations do not have a strong sense of service, insufficient medical service capacity, and a low sense of acceptance among residents, which makes them unable to provide convenient services for community residents.
In addition, community residents' health records are incomplete, inaccurate, inconvenient to access, and underutilized in practice; they lack unified planning and design with relevant medical institutions outside the jurisdiction, and are unable to interconnect to *** enjoy the information, resulting in the fragmentation of data between systems and the formation of vertical information systems, which are "siloed" and unable to prevent diseases.
Yang Ge, an associate researcher at the Institute of Population and Labor Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said in a recent article that community-based elderly care services and home-based elderly care services are effective supplements to the traditional model of family-based elderly care, alleviating the pressure on family-based elderly care, and can provide elderly people at home with services such as life care, housekeeping services, rehabilitation care, medical emergencies, cultural recreation, and spiritual solace, etc. However, the current home-based elderly care services in China still suffer from insufficient coverage, which makes it difficult to provide effective information for disease prevention. However, China's current home-based elderly care services still have problems such as insufficient coverage, limited service capacity, lack of professionals, diversification and marketization.
For the short board of the current medical and nursing community construction, Song Qing, director of the World Association of Chinese Physicians and member of the General Practitioners Branch, analyzed that the current nursing community is mostly heavy on development, light on supporting, heavy on property sales, light on nursing services, "some nursing communities will implant some nursing equipment, wearable equipment, and even some developers will acquire a hospital near the community to do supporting, but still lack of Hospitals for supporting and so on, but there is still a lack of professional supporting services, there is no health services, hardware equipment may bring more anxiety and overwhelm."
File photo: Elderly people rehearse a program. Tan Weiqi photo
How to combine "medical" and "health care"
To truly integrate health services into family life
Clearly, the future of China's family life will not be easy. >Obviously, in the future of China, the family and the community will have to bear the burden of old age, and how to promote quality service resources to the elderly side, home and around the gathering, how to "medical" and "health" in the family and the community in the full combination of the must be answered! The question is to be answered.
"The core of a senior living community is service, not how advanced the residential environment is." Song Qing said the senior living community should redefine the relationship between people and the community, upgrade the health management service on the residential function of the house, and integrate the health management centered on the family doctor and the senior living system supported by the intermediary care into the life.
Song Qing said that in terms of personnel, family doctors have to establish a long-term, stable service relationship with residents, carry out the whole process of health management of the residents' health, and provide professional, convenient and continuous basic medical services to solve the residents' common and frequent diseases as well as sub-health status.
"Many elderly people may not get sick in the next one or two decades and don't necessarily need to see a doctor, but he does need to have a professional to help him with intermediary care services in nutrition, exercise, and wellness."
In terms of facilities, Song Qing said the community's health hardware support and health management soft services should be fully integrated in depth, through the combination of residential health element design, intelligent wearable equipment support and the management of the whole health data, to truly allow health services into community management.
"Take first aid as an example, if an old man falls down, the family can capture the signal of the patient's fall through the bio-radar in time and convey it to the property and the family doctor, at this moment, the community will be the first time to open the access control, elevator, barrier-free access to ensure that the ambulance in and out of the smooth, at the same time, the family doctor will be timely into the home for the patient to do emergency treatment, until the ambulance arrival to realize the delivery of medical treatment."
Experts said that the combination of medical and nursing nursing community should completely break the state of community living function and health services cut off, to provide differentiated, specialized and precise services for the elderly living in the house, and to y integrate the elements of nursing and health into the familiar life scenes of the elderly.