How is hardware finish calculated?

Brightness is the claim of the old standard decades ago, now it is called surface roughness.

In the Hardware Practical Manual, there is a comparison table of finish and roughness:

Surface finish ▽1 ▽2 ▽3 ▽4 ▽5 ▽6 ▽7

Surface roughness Ra 50 25 12.5 6.3 3.2 1.6 0.8

Rz 200 100 50 25 12.5 6.3 6.3

Surface finish ▽8 ▽9 ▽10 ▽11 ▽12 ▽13 ▽14

Surface roughness Ra 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.05 0.025 0.012 -

Rz 3.2 1.6 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.05

Surface roughness (surface roughness) refers to the processed surfaces with smaller The surface roughness is the unevenness of the machined surface with small spacing and tiny peaks and valleys[1] . The distance between its two peaks or two valleys (wave spacing) is very small (under 1mm), it belongs to the micro-geometric shape error. The smaller the surface roughness, the smoother the surface.

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