The Ministry of Health issued the "National Plague Surveillance Plan" to systematically collect information on plague in humans and animals through active surveillance, detect the epidemic as early as possible, take control measures in a timely manner, prevent the spread and epidemic of the epidemic, and master The dynamics and trends of the epidemic provide scientific basis for plague prediction and early warning and the formulation of prevention and control strategies.
The plan includes six parts: the purpose of monitoring, human plague monitoring, animal plague monitoring, the composition and responsibilities of the monitoring system, data collection, analysis, feedback, and guarantee measures. The plan requires the establishment of a four-level human plague surveillance network at the national, provincial, prefectural and county levels; strict implementation of the epidemic reporting system; first-visiting doctors in various types of medical institutions and clinics at all levels should make preliminary diagnoses of patients, such as suspected plague patients , isolate on the spot, report promptly according to procedures, and collect specimens for testing according to different disease types. The "National Plague Monitoring Point Establishment Plan" also proposes to set up 40 national plague monitoring points in 18 epidemic source provinces (regions) in 11 types of epidemic foci, including 11 Himalayan marmot epidemic foci; and 10 yellow-breasted plague foci. ; 6 Daur yellow plague foci; 5 long-clawed gerbil foci; 2 gray marmot foci; Bush's vole, Qinghai vole, Qi's vole, long-tailed marmot, Mongolian marmot, Alxa yellow There is one in each plague source area. National plague monitoring points will conduct comprehensive and systematic monitoring in accordance with the "Monitoring Plan for National Key Plague Monitoring Points"; each province, autonomous region, and municipality directly under the Central Government will select a team with the ability to monitor based on the type of foci, epidemic dynamics, work priorities, technical strength, and equipment conditions in the region. Provincial fixed monitoring points are set up in representative counties to carry out systematic monitoring; mobile monitoring points are set up in other monitoring areas to conduct surveys on host and vector numbers and other items, and to collect as many testable materials as possible.
Plague is a natural foci disease. It is a severe infectious disease characterized by acute onset, rapid spread, high mortality rate and strong contagiousness. It is listed in the "Infectious Diseases of the People's Republic of China" Class A infectious diseases specified in the Prevention and Control Law. Since the 1990s, the global epidemic of plague has been on the rise. The natural foci of plague in my country are widely distributed, large in area and complex in type.