Now the world, regardless of the industry, the use of electronic home appliances have passed a variety of safety certification (which, of course, does not include those "underground factory" production of products, yo). Why do we need to have safety certification? This is a commitment by manufacturers to the safety of their products, radiation, electrical safety, personal safety and so on.
Your monitor and your computer's power supply (POWER) is whether there is a lot of identification? If not, be careful, those products are not safe. In the face of all kinds of certification and its labeling, you understand what it means? Here is a brief introduction to some of the most common security certifications in the computer information industry, I hope to help you in the future hardware purchases will be helpful.
CCC
China Compulsory Product Certification was implemented on May 1, 2002, the name of the certification mark "China Compulsory Certification" (China Compulsory Certification in English abbreviation "). CCC"). Included in the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the Certification and Accreditation Administration of the State Council issued the "first implementation of compulsory product certification in the product catalog" in the implementation of mandatory testing and auditing of products.
Where included in the directory of products not certified by the designated body, not in accordance with the provisions of the labeling certification mark, shall not be factory, import, sales and service establishments in the business use. After the implementation of China's mandatory certification mark, will gradually replace the original implementation of the "Great Wall" logo and "CCIB" logo. The original "Great Wall" logo and "CCIB" logo since May 1, 2003 shall be abolished.
CCEE certification
CCEE certification mark - the Great Wall logo China Certification Commission for Electrical Equipment (CCEE) was established in 1984, the English name for the China Commission for Conformity Certification of Electrical Equipment (hereinafter referred to as CCEE), the Commission for Conformity Certification of Electrical Equipment (hereinafter referred to as CCEE), the Commission for Conformity Certification of Electrical Equipment (hereinafter referred to as CCEE). Hereinafter referred to as CCEE), on behalf of China to participate in the International Electrotechnical Commission Electrical Product Safety Certification Organization (IECEE) of the only agency, is China's national certification organization in the field of electrical products, CCEE under the four sub-committees of electrical equipment, electronic products, household appliances, lighting equipment. Now abolished.
CCIB Certification
CCIB is the English acronym for China Commodity Inspection Bureau. Imported goods safety and quality licensing system is the State Administration of Import and Export Commodity Inspection (SACI) of imported goods to implement the safety certification system, where included in the SACI import safety and quality licensing system directory of commodities, must be through the product safety type test and factory production and testing conditions, qualified, affixed with the CCIB safety mark of the commodity inspection, before being allowed to export to China, sales. Commonly used in authentic imported equipment, electrical appliances. Now abolished.
CE certification
CE marking of the use of more and more now, affixed with the CE marking of the goods to indicate that it meets the safety, health, environmental protection and consumer protection and a series of European directives to be expressed in the requirements of the CE on behalf of the European unity (CONFORMITE EUROPEANNE). CE is limited to the product does not jeopardize the safety of human beings, animals and goods. The CE is limited to the basic safety requirements of the product in terms of not endangering the safety of humans, animals and goods, and not to the general quality requirements, which are the mandate of the standard.
Products comply with the main requirements of the relevant quality, can be attached to the CE marking, but not according to the general quality of the standard provisions of the ruling on the use of CE marking. Therefore, the precise meaning is: CE marking is a safety mark of conformity rather than quality mark of conformity.
CQC product quality certification
CQC agency name for the China Quality Certification Center, now China's mandatory certification CCC certification by its commitment. CQC product certification certificate, affixed with the CQC product certification mark, it means that the product is certified by the national certification body for safety, in line with the national response to the quality standards.
CSA certification
CSA is the Canadian Standards Association (Canadian Standards Association), which was founded in 1919, in the North American market for the sale of electronic, electrical and other products need to obtain safety certification. At present, CSA is Canada's largest security certification body, is also one of the world's most famous security certification body. It can provide safety certification for all types of products in the areas of machinery, building materials, electrical appliances, computer equipment, office equipment, environmental protection, medical fire safety, sports and recreation.
ETL Certification
ETL SEMKO provides testing and certification of product safety, EMC testing, product performance testing, any electrical, mechanical or electromechanical product with the ETL inspection mark indicates that it has been tested to meet the relevant industry standards. ETL certification is a product safety certification, certification of the content and UL is basically the same, but the cost is lower than UL, the cycle is shorter than UL.
FCC Introduction
FCC: The U.S. Federal Communications Commission, as the FCC has developed a number of electronic equipment involved in electromagnetic compatibility and operator safety and a series of product quality and performance standards, and these standards have been widely used and recognized by the world's many national technical supervision departments or similar institutions.
Therefore, in the technical manuals of electronic products produced by various manufacturers, there are often printed by the FCC issued by the certification of compliance with a certain standard, or a statement of compliance with a certain standard of the FCC. FCC certifications applied to computer devices are mainly about product standards such as electromagnetic compatibility and radiation limits.
GS Certification
GS certification is based on the German Product Safety Act (SGS), according to the European Union unified standard EN or the German industrial standard DIN for the detection of a voluntary certification, is recognized in the European market of Germany's safety certification mark. GS mark indicates that the use of the product's safety has been through the credibility of the independent body of the test. Unlike CE, the GS mark is not legally mandatory, but because of its safety awareness has been deep into the ordinary consumers, an electrical appliances with the GS mark in the market may have greater competitiveness than the general products.
UL Certification
UL is an abbreviation of Underwriter Laboratories Inc. which was founded in 1894, UL is the most authoritative UL safety testing institute in the United States, and is also the world's largest private organization engaged in safety testing and certification. It is an independent, non-profit, for the public **** safety test professional organizations.
It uses scientific testing methods to study and determine the various materials, devices, products, equipment, buildings, etc., on life, property and the degree of harm; to determine, write, issue the corresponding standards and help reduce and prevent the loss of life and property caused by the information, and at the same time to carry out fact-finding operations.
PCT Certification
In accordance with Russian law, the goods in the "List of goods subject to mandatory certification for entry into the customs territory of the Russian Federation" can enter the Russian market only if they have obtained the Certificate of Conformity to the National Standard issued by the Russian State Committee for Weights and Measures (GOST Certificate of Conformity). For the vast majority of Chinese goods, as long as the Russian national PCT standard certification, is equal to get the passport to enter the Russian state.
TUV certification
The German company Technical Supervision of Rheinland (TUVRheinland) is Germany's largest product safety and quality certification body, is a German government-recognized inspection agency, but also with the FCC, CE, CSA and UL side by side with the authority of the certification authority, where the products sold in Germany, the safety of its use of the standard must be certified by the TUV! The TUV certification mark also appears on a variety of IT products and household appliances, as do the above five marks.
PSE certification
PSE is the Japanese electrical safety certification, the Japanese electrical products market is very large, while Japanese consumers are also very important to the safety of electrical products. From April 1, 2001 onwards, in Japan for many years of electrical appliances banning law (Electrical Appliance and Material Control Law), has been Electrical Appliance and Material Safety Law (Electrical Appliance and Material Safety Law) has been replaced in Japan. The Electrical Appliance and Material Control Law has been replaced by the Electrical Appliance and Material Safety Law, which regulates the sale of most household and commercial electrical appliances, as well as some important parts and accessories, in Japan. The new law is intended to rationalize the old law and to bring it more in line with global trends. Under the new law, most electrical products are subject to voluntary notification by manufacturers, minimizing the involvement of the Japanese government. The testing organization that performs the testing is also relaxed from a public interest corporation to a government-accredited private laboratory, joining the mechanism of free competition in the market. At the same time, the new law adds provisions related to the recycling of hazardous materials and increases the penalties for non-compliance.
PSE product certification issuing body list: PSE certification bodies, JET certification bodies, JQA certification bodies, CQC certification bodies, TUV Rheinland certification bodies, UL certification bodies.
EMC certification
Electromagnetic compatibility mark, EMC (Electro Magnetic Compatibility) Directive requires that all electrical products sold in Europe, the basic body of the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shall not exceed a certain standard, so as not to affect the normal operation of other products, while the electrical products themselves also have a certain degree of At the same time, the electrical products themselves have a certain anti-interference ability (EMS), so that they can be used normally in the general electromagnetic environment.
The directive was formally enforced on January 1, 1996, when it became mandatory. It is based on various types of electronic products, is the passport for all electrical products sold to the European market, will also be mandatory in China, for products to occupy the international market is of great significance.
MPR Ⅱ certification
MPR-Ⅱ is the Swedish National Board for Measurement and Testing (Swedish National Board for Measurement and Testing) developed, mainly on the degree of electromagnetic radiation of electronic equipment to implement standard restrictions. MPR-II is still one of the test standards followed by the display industry, and in 1990, the MPR-II standard for general working environment design was re-designed.
Furthermore, a detailed list of 21 monitor standards, including flickering, jumping, linearity, brightness, reflectivity and font size, etc., on the ELF (ultra-low-frequency) and VLF (very-low-frequency) radiation put forward by the maximum limit, the purpose of which is to monitor the electromagnetic radiation around the reduction of a reasonable degree.
TCO Certification
TCO is a certification standard for display devices developed by SCPE (Swedish Confederation of Professional Employees), which has become a worldwide standard. Take a quick look at your monitor to see if there is a TCO certified logo yo. Currently *** there are TCO92, TCO95 and TCO99 and the latest TCO03 four standards. TCO92 standard mainly on electromagnetic radiation, power automatic shutdown function, the monitor must provide power consumption data, in line with the European fire and electrical safety standards and other aspects of the requirements provided.
The TCO95 standard, on the other hand, is based on TCO92 and further imposes new requirements on environmental protection and ergonomics, requiring manufacturers not to use ecologically harmful materials in the manufacturing process and packaging. the TCO95 standard covers a wide range of areas, mainly including monitors, entire computers, keyboards, system units, and portable machines.
TCO99 standard, is in TCO95 based on the extension and specification, put forward a more stringent, more comprehensive environmental protection and user comfort and other standards, the design of the keyboard and portable machine also put forward specific provisions, and fax machines and copiers, printers to make specific provisions, in the display CRT, the requirements of the brightness is not less than 100 lumens.TCO99 The TCO99 standard is the most comprehensive and stringent certification standard, which involves environmental protection, ergonomics, waste recycling, electromagnetic radiation, energy saving and security.
The TCO99 standard severely restricts the use of heavy metals (e.g., radiation, mercury, etc.) that are harmful to the human nervous system and embryonic tissues, as well as the use of brominated or chlorinated flame retardants in the enclosure, and the use of CFCS (chlorofluorocarbons) or HCFCS (hydrochlorofluorocarbons). In terms of energy saving, it is required that computers and display devices can automatically reduce power consumption and gradually enter into different stages of energy-saving states in certain late idle periods, and it is required that the products can return to the normal state from energy-saving states in a relatively short period of time.
TCO03 is the newest version, and its requirements are more stringent, want to pass the TCO03 certification of the company must first pass the ISO14001 and EMAS (Eco-Management and Audit Scheme) certification, and the company has to sign a contract for the recovery of resources. TCO03 requires CRT monitors to have a brightness of no less than 120 lumens, as well as requirements for color temperature, color, tri-color settings, and shades of gray, so the current TCO03-certified monitors are the healthiest monitors available.
16. SAA certification is an Australian product safety certification.
17, SASO certification, SASO is the Saudi Arabian Standards Organization.
18, CB system CB system is the International Electrotechnical Commission (IECEE) established a set of global mutual recognition system.
19, CNAS China Laboratory Management Organization, CNAS is China's laboratory management accreditation bodies, rather than certification bodies, each country has its own laboratory management organization. CNAS can also be said to regulate the quality of laboratories in China.
CECC electromechanical product certification, which is the China Electricity Council Certification Center (China Electricity Council belongs to) on behalf of the electric power industry to make the voluntary certification of electromechanical products, the scope of which covers 20 categories of products required by the power industry.