Tax depreciable life refers to the depreciable life used by the enterprise in calculating depreciation of fixed assets according to the tax law. According to the tax law, different types of fixed assets have different depreciable lives, and enterprises need to carry out depreciation calculations in accordance with the stipulated years in order to reasonably accrue depreciation expenses for fixed assets, thus reducing the tax burden of enterprises.
How to determine the depreciable life of fixed assets?
When determining the depreciable life of fixed assets, enterprises first need to understand the depreciable life of different types of fixed assets under the tax law. According to the provisions of the Enterprise Income Tax Law, the depreciable life of fixed assets is divided into two types: long-term assets and short-term assets.
Long-term assets include buildings, machinery and equipment, transportation tools, electronic equipment, communication equipment, cultural supplies, etc., and their depreciation lives are generally 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 years, etc.
Short-term assets include furniture, electrical appliances, office equipment, tools, etc., and their depreciable lives are generally 3 years, 5 years, etc.
How to calculate depreciation of fixed assets?
Enterprises need to follow the following steps when calculating depreciation of fixed assets:
1. Determine the original value of fixed assets: the original value refers to all the costs paid by the enterprise when purchasing fixed assets, including the purchase price, value-added tax, customs duties, transportation costs, installation and commissioning costs.
2. Determine the residual value of fixed assets: residual value refers to the fixed assets at the end of their useful life, the enterprise can be sold or scrapped and other ways to obtain the value.
3. Determine the depreciable life: Determine the depreciable life of fixed assets according to the tax law.
4. Determine the depreciation method: Enterprises can use straight-line method, accelerated depreciation method, double-declining balance method and other depreciation methods, but need to choose within the scope of the tax law.
5. Calculate the depreciation amount: the annual depreciation amount is calculated according to the depreciation method.
6. Depreciation: Companies need to depreciate fixed assets according to the annual depreciation amount and reflect it in the financial statements.
How to rationalize the use of tax depreciation years?
Enterprises need to pay attention to the following points when using the depreciable life of the tax law:
1. Reasonable choice of depreciation method: Enterprises need to choose the appropriate depreciation method according to the actual situation of the fixed assets and the provisions of the tax law, in order to achieve the purpose of reasonable depreciation.
2. Correctly calculate the depreciation amount: Enterprises need to correctly calculate the annual depreciation amount according to the depreciation method and the provisions of the tax law, to avoid the tax risk caused by the calculation error.
3. Pay attention to the change of depreciation life: With the change of tax law and the actual change of fixed assets, the depreciation life may change, and enterprises need to understand and adjust the depreciation life in time to avoid tax risks.
4. Maintaining depreciation records: Enterprises need to maintain complete depreciation records, including depreciation calculation forms, depreciation vouchers, and so on, in order to be audited by tax authorities.