Along with the reform and opening up, the continuous development of the market economy, large-scale pig farming is China's pig industry to the modernization of the development of the road, however, in pig technology is generally weak, too dependent on imports of the original species, serious diseases, lack of feed resources and many other problems, hindering the development of the pig industry, to the scientific pig farming technology used in pig farming, and to do a good job of epidemic prevention, and to further promote the development of the pig industry. Development. This article briefly describes how to raise pigs scientifically to improve economic efficiency.
1 quality breedingBreeds are the first condition to improve the economic benefits of pig farming, pig breed is directly related to the growth rate of pigs, feed consumption, reproductive performance, etc., good varieties of economic benefits can be increased by 10%?12%, per head of good breed of pigs than the average pig at least more income of 300?500 yuan, should pay special attention to is that the breed of pigs must be from the competent departments of animal husbandry recognized the formal breeding farms, after strict selection of the core group of production. After strict selection of the core group of production of reserve breeding stock, the first introduction of pigs must be to the regular farms, if necessary, can be done first blood test to ensure that there is no disease and no epidemic before making a decision to introduce breeding, before loading also need to bring the full immunization files, quarantine procedures. After entering the farm, observe closely for a period of time to ensure the quality of commercial meat pigs.
2 environmental managementTo choose a reasonable and scientific site, the environment can change the pig's habits and production capacity, standardized pig farms is a must for pigs, choose the equipment and facilities compatible with the scale of rearing, is to improve the level of pig production and pig rearing benefits of the key to create a comfortable environment for pigs to grow can make the pigs develop normally, growth, fertility, and can give full play to their proper The pig's performance will be fully utilized.
To choose a place with high and dry terrain, good drainage, windward and sunny, fast transportation, convenient electricity and far away from pollution, try to avoid overcrowding, dirty air, high or low temperature, far away from the main traffic arteries, factories, wharves, free from noise interference, far away from other farms, chemical enterprises, to prevent water and air pollution, be sure to according to the physiological characteristics of the breeder, breeding sows, piglets, piglet, fattening pigs, build a scientific and reasonable environment. According to the physiological characteristics of breeding sows, pig farms, generally reasonable rearing density for weaned piglets 0.5?0.8m2 / head, fattening pigs l-1.2m2 / head; breeding sows 1.5?3.2 (with piglets sows) n?/ head, the breeder should be based on the actual situation of the slightly larger, in order to create spacious space for activities.
In the process of breeding production, pig farms to maintain appropriate humidity, generally 60% to 70% can be, but fattening pigs should be relatively high at 70% to 75%, to maintain clean and sanitary areas, manure and sewage to achieve safe treatment and discharge, in the actual production of air quality and temperature and humidity in accordance with the house, ventilation and air exchange at the right time, for the unfavorable operation of the farm for any environmental problems, must be resolved in a timely and reasonable manner, and effectively do a good job. For any environmental problems that are unfavorable to the operation of the farm, they must be solved in a timely and reasonable manner, and the environmental management work must be done well.
3 Nutritional managementPig through the feed intake of nutrition, after digestion and absorption into their own substances for life and production, feed is the basis of pig farming, is the key factor in the success or failure of pig farming, the cost of feed generally account for the entire cost of production of 60%?70%, to improve the economic benefits of pig farmers play a decisive role in the current market, the quality of the feed on the market is uneven, the operators must choose the brand feed of the regular manufacturers. Manufacturers of brand-name feed, not to the price of high and low random material, resulting in losses. Different growth stages of pigs, different nutritional needs, and different types and amounts of nutrients contained in different feeds are not the same, to reasonably utilize local feed resources, you can collect high-quality forage crushed to feed pigs, or the use of high-quality straw fermentation feeding, a variety of feeds for the science of a reasonable combination of nutrients complement each other to achieve the fine feeding of concentrates, fine feeding of roughage, such as meat pigs, weighing about 5-15kg, the average daily feeding amount is 0.5-0.5kg, the average daily feeding amount is 0.5-0.5kg. Feeding is 0.5-0.6kg, breeding boar breeding period for 2.8?3.0kg, non-breeding feeding for 2.3-2.5kg, do not suddenly change the feed, so as not to cause unnecessary waste, in order to reduce feed costs.
4 correctly grasp the marketMarket conditions determine the price of hogs, directly related to the economic benefits of large-scale pig farms, the market conditions of the hog industry, although there are many unpredictable factors, but also follow a certain pattern, correctly estimate the market price cycle, it is beneficial to improve economic efficiency. Over the years, China's pig industry presents wave-like development, basically follow the "pig less high price, profit most of the feed, pig more low price, profit small small feed" trajectory change, shrewd operators, to grasp this key at any time, to improve the level of operation, investment decision-making, guiding the production, the ability to resist the risk and the economic benefits of the market is very important, when the market is good, in a timely manner! When the market is good, expand the scale, increase investment, as soon as possible to produce high-quality products, the market is not good, timely adjustment and optimization of the herd structure, reduce the fattening herd, increase the number of head of good breeding pigs, in order to prepare for the resurgence of the mountain, but also pay attention to the market demand, the overall inventory, climate and seasonal changes.
5 strengthen epidemic preventionPig farming must adhere to the long-term "prevention first, prevention is more important than cure" policy, seriously improve the prevention and control of diseases is the key to running a good pig farm, in order to prevent common diseases, the general farms are regularly or irregularly in the feed to add oxytetracycline powder, yellow seedling powdered polysaccharides, flupirtation powder, ciprofloxacin powder, etc., to do Prevention is better than cure, only strive to achieve the health of the herd without disease, in order to realize the maximum economic benefits of large-scale pig farming. To combine the local epidemic characteristics and the actual situation of the farm, the development of scientific and applicable "immunization program", the application of the latest research results to develop immunization programs, the establishment of a regular medical inspection system, feeding management personnel to find anomalies in time to report, once the immune program is determined, it must be strictly followed, and specific practice must be strictly enforced! Operating procedures, there is no vaccine available or although there is a vaccine but the immune effect is not ideal for a class of diseases, the timely use of drugs to prevent and control methods to effectively control, of course, "immunization program" is based on the time and the situation of the field of continuous change and timely modification, can not adhere to the rules and regulations; set in stone.
Adopting the "all-in-all-out" feeding method, the breeding sows should be sterilized in all aspects, from the pre-breeding to the late lactation, in addition to the seasonal changes and epidemics, should be regularly or irregularly on the in and out of the vehicle, personnel, breeding environment, breeding equipment for thorough and complete disinfection, pig farms should be equipped with appropriate disinfection room and dressing room. Equipped with the appropriate disinfection room and locker room, the staff should be fully disinfected when entering the farm to prevent the outdoor bacteria carried to the farm inside, to improve the disinfection work is to ensure the health of the herd and the normal production of important technical measures, to establish a complete set of disinfection system and make a good record of strictly prohibit the entry of irrelevant personnel into the pig farm.