Four valuation methods commonly used in startup companies

Comparable company law: select listed companies in the same industry as unlisted companies, and calculate the financial ratio according to the stock price and financial data of the same company; Comparable transaction method: before valuation, select companies in the same industry as start-up companies that are suitable for investment or mergers and acquisitions, and evaluate the target enterprises according to their transaction pricing; Discount of cash flow: discount the future cash flow by forecasting the future free cash flow and capital cost of the enterprise; Asset method: data evaluation is based on the funds that enterprises need to pay for their future development. The process of evaluating the current value of an asset. Refers to the imported goods subject to ad valorem duty, which is approved as the assessed price or duty-paid price of the tariff. Moreover, it is estimated that the valuation it can achieve is also the embodiment of the value of a stock in the stock market. If the market price of a stock is 9 yuan, and if the company's operating performance is very good, the valuation range is between 30 and 40, indicating that the stock is seriously undervalued in the capital market. At this time, the risk factor of intervention will be relatively small.

Second, we often hear such comments: "This stock is overvalued" and "A shares are already very cheap". So, what is valuation? We know that one of the most basic functions of the financial market is price discovery, that is, pricing the stocks issued by listed companies, and its core is valuation. There are many valuation methods, which can predict the annual net cash inflow of listed companies in the future and get its absolute value by discounting it to today, but relative valuation is more commonly used, that is, P/E ratio (PE) and P/B ratio (PB). P/E ratio refers to the ratio of stock price to earnings per share during an investigation period (usually 12 months); P/B ratio refers to the ratio of stock price to net assets per share. The so-called relative valuation, that is to say, valuation is not a direct reference value of the stock price, but a vertical and horizontal comparison with history and other stocks to see the level of valuation.

Three, due to the characteristics of the industry in which the enterprise is located, the development stage of the enterprise, the market environment and other uncertain factors, the valuation methods of the enterprise are not the same. In the view accepted by the mainstream academic circles, Mr. Qiu Chuang, former deputy director of the Department of International Accounting in university of international business and economics (now the chief expert of Jinghua Tianchuang (Beijing) Consulting Co., Ltd.), made the following systematic description of enterprise valuation-to help enterprises establish a long-term financial forecasting model for strategic investment and financial investment, Monte Carlo method can be used to make statistical simulation analysis of random variable indicators according to probability distribution.

Free discounted cash flow method model, economic added value or economic profit model, dividend discount model and valuation model based on market ratio are used to analyze the financial feasibility of investment.