Do you know R-type transformer? Read the title is not confused? Oh, I also do not understand this before, so I'm not ashamed to go to the lady to ask for advice, only to know that the original R-type transformer is a so practical and magical things, then we understand how much it? Then the following, let me take you into the r-type transformer design to understand the convenience and magic, and then explore such a magic its design concept and how?
r-type transformer
China's R-type transformer since 1990 has been more than fifteen years since the beginning. During this time through the introduction of technology, independent development of equipment, take the road of localization, has been widely promoted in the domestic transformer industry. r-type transformer products have been in many industrial equipment, instruments, medical equipment, broadcasting audio, all kinds of power supply products have been widely used.
R-type transformer series from the beginning of the single-phase 1KW below, more than 10 kinds of specifications, the development of single-phase R-type transformer power has reached 50KW, specifications have reached more than 30 kinds. More valuable independent development of three-phase R-type transformer, its power can be 500KW, more than 20 kinds of specifications. R-type transformer products have been mainly used in the electronics industry from the past, and now has crossed into the electrical power industry.
After fifteen years of R-type transformer development, in the transformer design, process technology, has accumulated a wealth of experience. R-type transformer as a structure of a new, reasonable varieties of transformers, its structure is different from E-type, C-type transformer. Therefore, in the design of the transformer needs to be optimized according to its own characteristics, in order to more fully achieve its? Less magnetic leakage, low temperature rise, small size, light weight, no noise.
I have been engaged in the design of R-type transformers, research and development of the accumulated experience of the experience of the R-type transformer optimization design for a collation, throw a brick to attract jade, in order to peer.
R-type transformer optimization design of the general idea
1, according to the use of the product, to determine the use of different transformer standards
R-type transformer has been issued by the Ministry of Information Industry, "single-phase R-type iron core power transformer" standard -- SJ/T11245-> "single-phase R-type iron core power transformer" standard. SJ/T11245-1, ? Single-phase R-type transformer core" standard - SJ/T11244-1.
Because of the different uses of R-type transformers, various industries also have specific technical requirements. For this reason, before the design to understand the relevant standards and requirements, in the design can be based on the characteristics of the R-type, to avoid the shortcomings of the strengths, designed to meet the needs of the whole machine qualified products. For example:
a. Transformers for civilian products
As a result of the consideration of the product used in thousands of households, a large number of users lack electrical knowledge, ? For this reason the transformer must be safe and available*. Its voltage strength requirements greater than 3750V / min. For the initial interstage skeleton, need to strengthen the insulation to prevent the transformer leakage due to breakdown.
b. Industrial equipment transformers
General transformer voltage requirements in two times the working voltage plus 1000V, mainly to ensure durability.
c. Medical equipment transformer
Special use in contact with the patient's body of medical equipment, according to GB9706, 1-1995 medical electrical equipment standards on the technical requirements of the transformer. The transformer voltage are required to be greater than 4000V / min. At the same time on the transformer insulation thickness, creepage distance, overheating, overload protection, electrostatic shielding width are clear requirements. For this reason, in the design process must be strictly in accordance with the specific standard requirements for design and manufacture.
d. Boat equipment transformer
Offshore work, long-term work with load, the requirements of the transformer power margin, moisture-proof, corrosion-resistant, heat-resistant, long life, low noise, etc..
e.Mining transformer
Working in harsh environments, the transformer does not allow creepage, flying arc, tip discharge and other phenomena,? Therefore, the transformer using epoxy casting or end sealing and other methods to achieve explosion-proof, flame-proof requirements.
f. Aerospace aircraft transformers
Requirements for stable *, small size, light weight, shock and vibration resistance, anti-interference.
i.Transformer for electronic equipment
Requirements for less magnetic leakage, less interference, high precision, low temperature rise.
The above listed several industries, all have specific requirements for the transformer. R-type transformers are widely used because of their unique advantages.
2, according to different conditions of use, the environment, the correct choice of R-type transformer core specifications and parameters
a. Stability of grid voltage
Because of the R-type core of the magnetic circuit is a closed loop, the transformer has a large surge current at the moment of connection. Generally in the selection of magnetic flux density parameters than the C-type iron core to obtain some lower, to avoid overcurrent caused by the phenomenon of blowing fuses. R-type iron core for small specifications, due to its own impedance is larger, the magnetic flux density can be higher; R-type iron core for large specifications, its own impedance is smaller, the magnetic flux density should be lower.
such as: R5 - R50?B value of 1.7T gauss up and down
R80 - R160?B value of 1.65T gauss up and down
R260?- R1000?B value of 1.65T gauss up and down
R260?- R1000?B value of 1.65T gauss up and down
R260? --R1000?B value can be 1.62T gauss up and down
R1000 above?B value can be 1.60T gauss up and down
b.? Transformer ambient temperature
The ambient temperature of the use of high occasions, transformer design in addition to reducing the flux density and current density, choose a large core specifications to reduce the temperature rise of the transformer, you can also use the insulation materials and enameled wire with a high level of temperature resistance, to improve the temperature resistance of the transformer level.
c. Transformer length of time
Long-term load work of the transformer, the need to enlarge the core specifications; short time, gap work with the transformer, can be appropriate to reduce the core specifications.
d. High-voltage transformer
Consideration of the winding, the layer between the need to increase the insulating layer, as well as for the consideration of increasing the creepage distance and increase the isolation of the insulating layer. For this need to be based on the actual situation, increase the core specifications.
3, according to the transformer output winding, determine the reasonable winding structure
a. Power equalization distribution method
The transformer primary winding, according to the size of the current must be used in series or parallel approach, in the left and right packet on the average distribution of the secondary main winding must also be in the left and right packet on the average symmetrical distribution.
Above the purpose of the left and right magnetic circuit are in a balanced state of operation, to achieve power balance, the initial stage of the wire package tightly coupled, thereby reducing the transformer's magnetic leakage.
Generally high-current transformer winding, to parallel connection method; small-current transformer winding, to series connection method.
b. Classification and arrangement method
Transformer windings for a variety of output voltages, to take the high and low voltage windings are arranged separately, to avoid high-potential windings sandwiched in the middle of the low-potential windings. The high potential winding in addition to strengthening the insulation between the low potential winding, but also in the skeleton at the end of the package insulation tape to increase the creepage distance with other low potential winding.
The above purpose can reduce the intergroup insulation layer, reduce the potential difference between the windings, and help to improve the voltage strength of the windings.
c. Inside fine outside coarse placement method
Multiple output currents, a variety of diameters of the wire package, generally used in fine wire windings on the inner layer of the first winding, the coarse wire windings on the outer layer of the winding, the same wire diameter * close to the placement of the press.
The above purpose can reduce the DC resistance of the fine winding, reduce the resistance voltage drop of the fine winding, reduce the copper consumption of the winding, and at the same time, is conducive to the winding of the wire package leveling.
d. Inline out of the placement method
The high-pressure winding, the winding two ends of the potential are very high, in order to reduce the potential difference with the primary winding, it is commonly used in series, as shown in the figure below, the high-pressure winding of the center of the first winding, and then the center of the left and right packages will be wound out of the first head and connect the two ends of the end of the lead, so that the initial level of potential difference between the first level is reduced by half, greatly reducing the potential difference between the winding, and help to increase the level of winding, and also help to increase the level of copper consumption. Potential difference between the windings is greatly reduced, which is conducive to improving the insulation strength of the windings.
e.? Skeleton reverse winding and connecting method
For the tapped high-potential winding transformer, in the left and right packet symmetrical winding, and then connecting the approach, there is still a high-potential out of the head and low-potential out of the head in the same layer of the problem. In order to solve the insulation problem caused by the potential difference, but also in the same winding to increase the multi-layer insulation, to bring a lot of trouble to the winding, improper handling of insulation will also cause a short circuit winding.
In order to solve the above problems, you can take the left skeleton winding is winding, and the right skeleton winding will be reverse skeleton, and then in the order of winding. This does not exist when the tap potential difference, and left and right symmetrical balance. As shown in the following figure:
f. Cross* connection balancing method
As shown in the following figure, when the output has two voltages, the same current winding, to achieve the two windings in the left and right balanced distribution of the line package, and DC resistance is the same, can be used in the following figure in the cross* connection balancing method.
3, design examples
3.1?Technical requirements
Input voltage?220V
Power frequency?50Hz
Output load?14V/?2A?9V/?1A?100V/0.2A
Working conditions? Instrument transformer? General requirements
3.2?Design steps
a.Electrical schematic diagram
b.Load power calculation
Selected R-50?δ0.27?core power capacity has a margin
c.Electromagnetic parameter selection
Magnetic flux density B?1.65T?core cross-section?3.72cm2
Current density J?1.2A?9V/?1A?100V/0.2A
Working conditions? Current density J?3.3A/mm2?Voltage regulation rate?10%
Current density J?3.3A/mm2?Voltage regulation rate? Take 10%
Iron core magnetic circuit length?21.34cm?Efficiency η%? Take 90%
d. Turns per Volt Calculation
In order to consider the secondary low voltage winding turns to take an integer, to ensure that the output voltage is correct, the correction
e.? Turns Calculation
Convert the above electrical schematic into Figure B
Primary with series
100V/0.2A?winding with series
9V/1A winding with series
14V/2A winding with parallel
f.? Wire Diameter Calculation
Primary Current Calculation:
Primary Wire Diameter:
Secondary Wire Diameter:
g.? Winding arrangement table
Primary skeleton winding width L1?=41mm?winding thickness 3mm, secondary winding width L2?=41mm?winding thickness?3mm
The above windings are OK as long as they are wound flush.
Because of the symmetry of the left and right skeleton, so the right skeleton is the same as above, data omitted.
h.? Calculation of winding parameters
1)? Average turn length of primary winding
Total length of primary winding
Dc resistance of primary winding
Copper weight of primary winding
2)? Secondary winding 3-3′ average turn length
Winding 3-3′ total length
Winding 3-3′ DC resistance
Winding 3-3′ copper weight
3)? Average turn length of secondary winding 7-8
Total length of winding 7-8
Winding 7-8 with 7′-8′ DC resistance? (parallel)
Winding 7-8 with 7′-8′ copper weight
4)? Secondary winding 5-5′ average turn length
Winding 5-5′ total length
Winding 5-5′ DC resistance
Winding 5-5′ copper weight
i.? Primary induced potential
j.? Secondary 3-3′ induced potential
k. Secondary 3-3′ load voltage
Based on the calculation of V33′ than the rated 100V?low?100-99.67=0.33V
Transformer design is so simple, this set of data is not to let you look a little dazzled, haha? Don't worry pro, slowly figuring out the law is very good to understand, this is the main content of today's small make up to bring you, the actual R-type transformer, with the generation of this new thing, our life has become more convenient, we must not underestimate oh! Our life is really inseparable from these things, well, today is the first to this.
The above is related to the design of the r-type transformer content, I hope to be able to help you!
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