With the rapid development of optoelectronic technology, laser engraving technology is more and more widely used, engraving accuracy requirements are increasingly high. The four most fundamental elements affecting laser engraving are: engraving speed, laser power, engraving accuracy, material. In specific materials such as to achieve a certain engraving effect, it is required to absorb a certain amount of energy of the laser, this energy should be regarded as the material absorbed laser energy = laser power / engraving speed. Simply put is to improve the laser energy absorbed by the material, you should increase the laser power or reduce the engraving speed, as for which method to be used in the end depends on the material and the final engraving effect. Generally speaking, users will avoid high and low speed, because it will reduce productivity. In fact, the impact of engraving efficiency is not only engraving speed, engraving accuracy also has a very big impact on it.
Carving materials and technology
1, wood A, logs (unprocessed wood) Wood is by far the most commonly used laser processing materials, easy to carve and cut. Light-colored wood such as birch, cherry or maple can be well gasified by the laser, and therefore more suitable for engraving. Each type of wood has its own characteristics. Some are denser, such as hardwoods, and require more laser power for engraving or cutting. We recommend carving less familiar with the wood before, to first study its carving characteristics. B, plywood Sometimes customers may require you to engrave on plywood, in fact, this is not much difference with the engraving on the wood, just a little attention, the depth of the engraving should not be too deep. After cutting the plywood anti-edge will also be as black as wood, the key is to look at the plywood is to use the kind of wood manufacturing. C, wood cutting laser engraving machine cutting wood depth is generally not deep, within 5mm, this is because the laser's power is small, such as slowing down the cutting speed will cause the wood to burn. Specific operation can try to use large-size lenses, and the use of repeated cutting methods. E, coloring wood engraving will generally have a feeling of being burned, with the wood base color with a primitive artistic beauty, the depth of its color depends mainly on the laser power and engraving speed. But some wood is usually softer texture, no matter how you can not change its color (eg: birch). Sometimes customers may ask you to color the finished product, you can use acrylic paint. 2, density laminate A, ordinary density laminate This type of density board? Is the kind of wood pallet we commonly used to do sign liner. The material is high density board, the surface is pasted with a thin wood grain. Laser can be engraved on this tip material plant, but the engraved pattern is uneven and blackened color, usually to color. Usually you can learn the proper design by learning to use 0.5mm two-color plate for inlay to get better results. B, laser-specific density veneer panels Some density panels are specially designed for laser engraving, carved out of the pattern of uniform color, without coloring also have good results. C, cleaning After carving can use a damp cloth to clean the surface of the density board. D, color filling can use acrylic paint or alkyd paint. In the carving can be set to 60% gray scale graphic color, so that the bottom surface of the carving some numbness, in order to improve the adhesion of the color. 3, acrylic (a kind of plexiglass) A, acrylic acrylic is second only to wood as the most commonly used carving material, it is easy to be cut and carved, there are a variety of shapes and sizes, relatively speaking, the cost is low. Plexiglass has two production processes: casting and calendering, laser engraving mainly with casting method of production of plexiglass, because it produces a frosting effect after laser engraving is very white, and the original transparent texture to produce a stark contrast, calendering method of production of plexiglass in the laser engraving is still transparent, there is not a sufficient contrasting effect. In the purchase of a faceted off-duty when you want to emphasize to the dealer to be high purity kind, otherwise buy back the material engraving or cutting the possibility of melting the phenomenon. B, carving generally plexiglass with back carving, that is, from the front carving, back to watch, which makes the finished product more three-dimensional. In the back of the carving, please first mirror the graphics, and carving speed should be fast, low power. If the carving power is too high, it will make the bottom surface appear uneven stripes, if you want to carve deeper can try to carve a few times. In the case of back carving on the local coloring should be carved deeper first, and then use the flame polishing machine to polish, before you can fill in the color. If not polished, the color seen from the front will not be uniform. C, cutting Plexiglass is relatively easy to cut, such as customer requirements are not high, after cutting can be delivered without flame polishing. Otherwise, you should use a blowing device when cutting to improve the quality of the cut. When cutting plexiglass over 8mm, the lens should be replaced with a larger size. (Note: the operator must not leave when cutting plexiglass, there may be flame when cutting.) D. Cleaning Acrylic paints can be used, other paints may damage the finish of the plexiglass. 4, two-color plate A, two-color plate two-color plate is a two or more layers of color composite composition of a dedicated to the carving of engineering plastics, its specifications are generally 600X1200mm, there are a small number of brand specifications for the 600X900mm. the United States ROWMARK to quality and stability, a full range of recognized as the best production of polymer. Engraved two-color plate is usually used for a variety of signs and badges ...... The engraved two-color plates are usually used for various kinds of signage and badges, which have the characteristics of even color, clear pattern and durability. In the two-color plate can be divided into two categories: mechanical and laser, some of which can also be used for laser engraving. Laser engraving board is characterized by a thin surface color layer (<0.1mm), the whole board is also thinner than the mechanical board (laser board is generally 1.3mm & 0.8mm, mechanical board is generally 1.5mm). Users in the purchase of two-color plate, if you are not sure whether it can be used for laser machines, you can first consult with the dealer or take a small piece of the first try / our experience is that, such as the board's surface color is very thin, generally can be laser engraving, such as the surface of the color of the thicker you can try two engraving. B. Engraving If you use a laser plate engraving will be very good, there is a very clear contrast and clear edges. When using a thinner surface of the mechanical plate, the engraving effect with the laser plate is not very different, look closely at the edge may not be as clear as the laser plate. Users generally do not use the surface of the thicker kind of mechanical board, otherwise the laser power should be adjusted to a smaller, repeatable engraving to clear the bottom of the day, the final result may not be too good. In the contrast of the two-color plate (such as black and white board), can be designed to engrave grayscale images. In a large number of engraving after the two-color plate itself may be somewhat deformed, can be heated with hot water and then flattened by hand. C, cutting In general, the user will require you to cut the two-color plate, at this time, such as your good use of the laser plate, you can cut it off after engraving. Note that the speed is not too slow, do not cut through once, it is divided into three or four times, so that the edge of the cut material is flat, no melting traces. The power of the engraving process should be just right, not too large, in order to avoid the appearance of melting traces. If you use a mechanical board, you can only cut it to 50% depth, and then break it by hand and then use sandpaper to smooth the edge. If the user has a mechanical machine can first cut off the mechanical machine, and then move to the laser machine engraving. D, clean After carving can use a damp cloth or alcohol to clean the surface. However, it should be noted that, such as engraving the laser power setting is too high, may make the two-color plate surface attached to a layer of soot that is difficult to erase. E, fill in the color If the user does not require high, you can use the dot to show those different colors in the logo. Non-color to be painted color area to be carved deeper, can use acrylic paints or alkyd enamel, other paint may destroy the surface finish of the two-color plate. 5, glass A, glass laser can be engraved on the surface of the glass, but the engraving depth is not deep and can not cut. In general, the laser can be formed on the glass surface frosting or broken effect. Users usually want to get frosted rather than broken, which depends on the texture of the end of the work, whether the hardness is consistent. B, engraving glass engraving is usually more difficult to control, according to the following steps can make a relatively smooth frosted surface: in the area to be engraved on a bit of wash clean, cut down a piece of newspaper or napkin slightly larger than the area to be engraved, completely soaked with water to wet the paper and squeeze out the excess water, put the wet paper in the area to be engraved to lay flat and do not have folds. Place the glass in the engraver and engrave while the paper is still wet, then remove the glass, remove any paper residue, and clean the surface of the glass. If desired, lightly lighten the glass surface with 3M scotchBrite. In general, the laser power setting should be smaller, the precision set at 300dpi, the engraving speed should be faster, and you can try to use a large size lens for engraving. Note: In the laser engraving of lead crystal should be doubly careful, lead crystal and ordinary crystal has a different expansion coefficient, which can cause crystal cracks or broken in the engraving. Power settings smaller can avoid this problem, but still should always be on guard in case of rupture. C, laser engraving and sandblasting way to combine the use of laser engraving machine can replace the engraving machine, sandblasted directly on the glass to complete the film cutting. This process eliminates the transfer process of the protective film, saving time and improving the quality of the finished product. D, cleaning After engraving, you can use a damp cloth to clean the surface. E, color filling can make use of acrylic paint coloring. 6, lacquered copper A, lacquered copper Normally, copper can not be laser engraved. But now there is a material whose surface is attached to a special layer of varnish, the laser can completely vaporize the surface of the varnish, and then reveal the underlying copper. Often the manufacturer will polish the copper or give it a special treatment before the lacquer is applied, so that the area exposed after engraving will have a sufficiently bright finish to last for a long time. If the copper surface is not treated, after engraving need to do another protective film, so as not to oxidize over time, the surface becomes dirty. B, carving generally can use small power and high speed, precision settings in the 500dpi or more. C, clean engraving can be used after the wet cloth or alcohol to clean the surface. D, fill in the color If the user does not require a high degree of performance can be used to show those different colors in the logo. Non-color can use acrylic paints, other paints may damage the surface finish of the copper plate.Laser engraving in the application of carton packaging
Carton packaging industry in coastal areas, especially in the Pearl River Delta region is a mature industry, and the international most advanced production technology is closest to the carton packaging industry above-scale production in the Pearl River Delta region started in the early 1980s, 10-20 years later than the mainland. The carton packaging industry in the Pearl River Delta region matured in the mid-1990s, after 15 years of rapid development mainly Hong Kong businessmen, Taiwanese businessmen, local entrepreneurs boldly introduced foreign corrugated cardboard production lines and carton production lines, through the introduction of absorption and digestion until the complete mastery of foreign advanced production technology. The corrugated carton production in the Pearl River Delta has made a great contribution to the entire carton production and processing technology in China. The Yangtze River Delta region started earlier, and really developed later than the Pearl River Delta, due to the successful development of the Pearl River Delta experience, less detours. At present, the Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta corrugated carton packaging industry production volume accounted for more than 60% of the national carton packaging, production technology is also relatively leading. In the mid to late nineties, with the successful development of laser engraving technology, corrugated carton packaging printing plates, and the gradual application of laser engraving technology. In fact, corrugated box packaging is divided into two categories, one is sales packaging, the other is transportation packaging. Sales packaging generally belongs to the inner packaging, in the sales process to meet with consumers, such as toothpaste, soap, cigarettes (a load and a package). Transportation packaging generally belongs to the outer packaging, such as: the whole box of toothpaste, soap, cigarettes, basically not in the sales process and the consumer meets, and its main role is to facilitate storage, transportation. In addition, air conditioning, color TV, refrigerators, rice cookers between the two are both transport packaging and sales packaging, printing requirements in about 60 lines, transport packaging are generally in about 40 lines, sales packaging in more than 80 lines belong to the color offset printing. According to relevant departmental statistics, more than 90% of our cartons belong to the transportation packaging, the vast majority of carton printing equipment production. Laser engraving machine is the world's high-tech products, products optical, mechanical and electrical integration of high technology content. Laser engraving with high efficiency, fast, accurate and clear automated engraving function. A laser engraving machine output power of only 900W, practice has proved that the laser plus power is energy-saving processing, environmental protection processing. Laser automatic engraving plate making, can achieve 40-60 lines of printing effect, manual plate making in 40 lines below. Laser engraving plate making completely replace the manual engraving plate making. Due to the low cost of laser engraving plate making, only a quarter of the cost of resin plate, at present, the carton industry generally adopts laser engraving plate making and resin plate, as the corrugated carton packaging printing plate. Yue Ming laser processing equipment is used more in the market, and the resin plate generally adopts BASF and TDR plates.The advantages of laser engraving plate
I. Comparison between laser engraving plate and manual engraving plate Laser engraving plate is completely imitated to optimize the design of manual plate, laser engraving plate to the market, in the past ten years, through software upgrades to achieve the engraving with a 0.3MM slope, the engraving corners of the light failure automatic compensation. Improve the automatic engraving speed. Basically, the manual engraving plate out of the game. In addition, laser engraving plate, completely eliminating the carving of errors, manual engraving inevitably carving errors, the original draft is good, hand-engraved a knife error, the whole layout scrapped, if found not in time often result in the scrapping of the whole batch of cartons. Laser engraving is the use of software, the original draft will be entered into the automatic engraving, there is no engraving error. The original Pearl River Delta more than 20,000 hand-engraved plate practitioners have basically disappeared, all to the industry. Second, the laser engraving plate and resin version of the comparison Laser engraving plate one-time investment is low. 2 meters of light-sensitive flexible tanning machine a set of equipment is not less than 400,000 yuan, and a laser engraving machine in about 40,000 yuan. Resin plate production costs are high, the average price of resin plate in the Pearl River Delta region 1.25 yuan / ?in2, laser engraving plate 0.32 yuan / ?in2, although large quantities of resin plate can reduce the production cost of 0.90 yuan / ?in2, however, not any enterprise can do. Even if you can do the cost is still much higher than the laser plate. Laser engraving plate low energy consumption, no pollution, resin plate processing is high pollution, although the use of plate liquid recycling device, better than none, but the plate liquid recycling rate can not be 100%, the pollution is unavoidable. Laser engraving size can be unlimited, the production site only needs more than ten square meters, while the resin plate tanning machine workplace can not be less than 40 square meters, the production of pungent odor, the production site must be independent of the separation, in addition, the processing size is limited by the model. 2 meters photographic flexible tanning machine, only to the production of 2 meters within the resin plate. 5, the laser engraving plate using 0.3MM slope, durability performance Basic close to the resin version, only seven words below the resin version of the printing clarity to be better than the laser engraved version. Third, the laser engraving version and photopolymer resin version in the corrugated carton packaging industry in the actual application At present, in the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta economically developed areas, photopolymer resin version, laser engraving version of the popularity of the resin version of the flexibility of high, clear printing mark in the carton industry, transportation packaging printing mark in 30% of the market, while the laser engraving plate comprehensive acceptance of the original hand-engraved plate to occupy 70% of the market. 70%. Corrugated cardboard boxes 90% belong to the transport packaging, printing mark requirements are generally in the 40 line or so, and carton printing machinery can only reach up to 80 lines below, more than 80 lines generally use color offset printing. Between the transportation packaging and sales packaging between the electrical class packaging, you can use the laser engraving version, because some manufacturers are accustomed to operator reasons, now most of the use of resin version. Fourth, low energy consumption, environmental protection and economic laser engraving and photopolymer resin version of the competition and prediction In between the transportation packaging and sales of packaging between the application of electrical food packaging, the use of laser engraving plate in addition to the economic reasons, it is more important to environmental protection. In the carton packaging printing mark practice, printing with air cushion or better elasticity of the sponge liner printing, you can get high resolution, can improve the printing effect of 10-20 lines. At present, many carton packaging enterprises to try this method to achieve better results. A more robust approach is that, on the basis of these, some of the smaller text patterns using resin plate, more than seven words text patterns using laser engraving plate. Example: Zhuhai Doumen Thousand Leaf Paper Products Co., Ltd. in the production of Gree air conditioner export packaging cartons on the use of this method, in addition to the No. 7 words below the text pattern using the resin version, the rest of all the use of laser engraving version. Thus, in the case of quality assurance, reduce the cost of plate making. If all the use of photopolymer resin version, a set of plate is not less than two or three thousand dollars, and the use of laser engraving plate-based, photopolymer resin version as a supplement, a set of plate is only more than five hundred dollars, companies try to reduce production costs should be, focus on the environment is more valuable. Fifth, the diversity of plate technology competition Competition not only to the carton packaging industry to provide more choices, but also greatly reduce the cost of carton packaging industry to improve economic efficiency. Before the introduction of laser engraving plate, the average price of photopolymer resin is 5 yuan/?in2. At that time, almost every industrial area in the Pearl River Delta has a photopolymer resin plate production and processing points, and there is a tendency to diffuse. Laser engraving plate to the market, photopolymerized resin plate prices plummeted to today's 1.25 yuan / ?in2 production scale has also shrunk. The benefits of plate making competition to the carton packaging industry are obvious. To summarize, the future of corrugated carton packaging enterprises, in the printing plate technology competition will continue, laser engraving plate and photopolymer resin version of the fight will continue, and will be more exciting. According to corrugated packaging carton industry experts predict. In the future, in the transportation packaging carton printing plate, photopolymer resin will be fully withdrawn, between the transportation and sales of packaging products printing, photopolymer resin version is still slightly dominant, roughly 60% of the use of photopolymer resin version of 40% of the use of laser engraving plate, the original version of the original by the photopolymer resin version of the domination of the world situation, there is no doubt that it has become history. At present, the corrugated carton packaging industry printing plate, on the whole, is the laser engraving plate to occupy 75% of the market share, and there is a continuation of the trend of stretching, although the photopolymerized resin has a high degree of stability, high-definition printing effect, but the cost of the problem is to limit the development of bottlenecks, even if the cost can be reduced, the environmental issue is to limit the development of the most critical issues. Therefore, the economy, environmental protection, laser engraving plate is the future direction of carton packaging industry printing plate development.