Polyacrylamide product introduction: polyacrylamide (PAM) is a water-soluble polymer, insoluble in most organic solvents, has good flocculation, can reduce the friction resistance between the liquid, according to ionic properties According to ionic properties, it can be divided into four types: nonionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric.
Product characteristics
1, flocculation: PAM can make the suspended material through the electric neutralization, bridge adsorption, flocculation.
2, adhesion: through mechanical, physical and chemical effects, it can play the role of adhesion.
3, resistance reduction: PAM can effectively reduce the friction resistance of the fluid, adding trace amounts of PAM in water can reduce resistance 50-80%.
4, thickening: PAM in neutral and acid conditions have thickening effect, when the PH value of more than 10 PAM easily hydrolyzed. When it is semi-network structure, thickening will be more obvious.
Use instructions
1, coal washing with the use of cationic polyacrylamide can be set in the number of thirty kilograms to one hundred and ten, you should increase the number of use, the use of the number of one hundred to three hundred kilograms to set the number of reasonable, electroplating wastewater industry and general industrial water generally do not exceed fifty kilograms. Note: (the use of these industries are the number of quantities per one thousand tons of wastewater)!
2, polyacrylamide in the textile industry.
If the main body of the process adopts the biochemical method, that is, the remaining sludge dewatering (may contain part of the initial sedimentation sludge), only cationic PAM as sludge dewatering agent can be.
If the main body of the process adopts physical-chemical methods, such as the first level of enhancement, loaded magnetic separation and other processes, generally between the first addition of kilograms; chemical industry wastewater use is generally between fifty to one hundred and twenty kilograms; bleaching and dyeing industry wastewater and paper industry wastewater is the most difficult to deal with the PAC conditioning, and then anionic flocculant, and finally cationic flocculant dewatering. The specific dosage should be based on the quality of sewage water.
There are also many sewage treatment stations, sludge dewatering directly plus PAC or other inorganic flocculants can be added, this is in the plate and frame filter press, especially electronic factories or small sewage treatment stations are more widely used.
PAM is generally used as a sludge dewatering agent with a water ratio of 0.1% - 0.2%. After dissolved into a glue-like liquid, it is then added to the sludge for mixing.
The ratio of sludge and water is generally 5% - 10%, some lower, this should be determined according to the concentration of sludge, it is best to determine the best dosage and use of the model through the field beaker experiment. Different sludge, different chemicals, different equipment, different management level, the sludge treatment effect is different.
3, sewage treatment plant with cationic polyacrylamide as sewage operation sludge dewatering agent. In the process of communication with customers, customers often ask about the sludge dewatering agent dosage in the sewage treatment sludge dewatering process. To know the relative accuracy of the sludge dewatering agent dosage problem, the first to understand these parameters, sludge water content, mud cake water content, the amount of sludge, the amount of drugs, dosing concentration, etc.
Sludge water content: the weight of the sludge in the weight of the water contained in the sludge and the sludge of the total weight of the ratio of the percentage is called the sludge water content.
Sludge cake water content: the sludge that is removed from the sludge cake of the weight of the water contained in the sludge and the sludge of the total weight of the ratio of the percentage of the sludge is called sludge cake water content.
Also through the following formulas for the operation:
1, dosing mg / L = dosing quality / volume of treated water / dosing concentration
2, the volume of treated water dosing = volume of treated water m3 / h * dosing g / m3
3, the amount of dry sludge = the volume of treated water * (1 - sludge water content) / (1 - cake water content)
4、Pharmaceutical consumption per ton of dry sludge g/m3=dosing volume/dry sludge volume
The above calculations may result in a large error, only for sewage operation reference. The actual consumption of drugs to be carried out in the actual machine operation test.
Water treatment chemicals used in wastewater treatment - flocculants
There are many varieties of wastewater treatment chemicals, the most commonly used is flocculants, flocculants can be divided into inorganic and organic two.
Inorganic flocculants
Inorganic flocculants are divided into low molecular weight and high molecular weight according to their molecular weight.
I. Low molecular weight inorganic flocculants
The most widely used inorganic flocculants are iron and aluminum metal salts. The mainstream inorganic coagulants in the market are ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate.
Ferric chloride water molecular formula is (FeCl3-6H20)
Features: the formation of alum precipitation is good, the treatment of low-temperature water or low-turbidity water effect is better than the aluminum salt, suitable for a wider range of pH, but the color of the treated water is higher than that of the aluminum system, and there is corrosiveness.
Ferrous sulfate molecular formula is (FeS04-H20)
Features: dissociation of Fe2+ can only generate the simplest mononuclear complex, not as good as the trivalent iron salt coagulation effect.
Aluminum sulfate molecular formula is Al2(S04)3
Features: Aluminum sulfate is the most widely used flocculant in wastewater treatment, convenient to use, good flocculation;
Disadvantages: hydrolysis is difficult when the water temperature is low, and the flocs formed are looser; it has a narrower range of effective pH value.
Mingiso (Al2(S04)3-K2S04.24H20) is more similar to aluminum sulfate.
Two, polymer inorganic flocculants
Inorganic polymer flocculants have high coagulation effect, low price, is the most used flocculants. According to the ionic degree can be divided into cationic and anionic type
Cationic type: polymerized aluminum chloride, polymerized aluminum sulfate, polymerized aluminum phosphate, polymerized ferric sulfate, polymerized aluminum iron chloride, and so on.
Anionic inorganic flocculant varieties are less, the more mainstream in 2013 is polymeric silicate.
Flocculants
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Elastic filler, three-dimensional elastic filler
1. The use of elastic filler hair filaments in the production process, added hydrophilic, pro-biotic additives and some nutrients slow-release-type elements, which can better promote microbial growth, metabolism, and improve the microbial amount.
2. The use of green cross filaments, shaped filaments in the four grooves can effectively resist the horizontal (in and out of the water flow) and vertical (aeration) of the water flow scouring, in the early stage of the film so that strains of bacteria are easy to parasitize, reproduction, overcoming the round cilia due to the surface of the surface of the smooth teaching of the shortcomings of difficult to form a film; filaments of the prismatic edges of the bubbles have a better cutting effect, increase the utilization rate of dissolved oxygen to reduce the aeration of oxygen! The power consumption of aeration.
3. elastic packing long service life, good oxygenation performance, start fast hanging film, easy to renew the film, operation and management is simple, corrosion resistance, not clogging, not agglomeration
Processing methods
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By the role of
Wastewater treatment in accordance with the role of its can be divided into physical, biological and chemical method of the three kinds of methods.
①Physical method: the main use of physical separation of non-soluble substances in the sewage, in the treatment process does not change the chemical nature. Commonly used gravity separation, centrifugal separation, reverse osmosis, air flotation. Physical method of treatment structures are simpler, more economical, used for village and town water capacity, self-purification ability, sewage treatment degree requirements are not high.
② biological method: the use of microbial metabolism, the sewage is dissolved or colloidal state of organic matter decomposition and oxidation into stable inorganic substances, so that sewage is purified. Commonly used activated sludge and biofilm method. Biological method of treatment is higher than the physical method.
3 chemical method: is the use of chemical reactions to treat or recover sewage dissolved substances or colloidal substances, mostly used for industrial wastewater. Commonly used are coagulation, neutralization, oxidation reduction, ion exchange method. Chemical treatment method is good, high cost, mostly used as a biochemical treatment of the effluent, for further treatment to improve the quality of the effluent.
By the degree of treatment
Sewage treatment according to the degree of treatment can be divided into primary treatment, secondary treatment and tertiary treatment.
The primary treatment is mainly to remove the suspended solids in the sewage, commonly used physical method. Primary treatment of wastewater BOD removal rate of only 20%, is still not suitable for discharge, but also need to carry out secondary treatment. The main task of secondary treatment is to substantially remove the colloidal and dissolved organic matter in the state of sewage, BOD removal rate of 80% to 90%. Generally after secondary treatment of sewage can meet the discharge standards, commonly used activated sludge and biofilm treatment method. The purpose of tertiary treatment is to further remove some special pollutants, such as fluoride, phosphorus removal, etc., belongs to the depth of treatment, commonly used chemical method.
Sewage process selection requirements 1, the existing primary treatment process to strengthen the treatment effect of transformation transformation should be based on the actual situation, make full use of the existing treatment facilities, the existing hospitals in the application of more septic tanks, contact pools in the structure or operation mode of transformation, if necessary, additional part of the facilities, as far as possible to improve the treatment effect, in order to meet the hospital sewage treatment discharge standards.
The first level of enhanced treatment
1, process flow description
For general hospitals (without infectious disease ward) sewage treatment can be used "pretreatment → first level of enhanced treatment → disinfection" process. Through coagulation and precipitation (filtration) to remove particles carrying viruses and germs, to improve the disinfection effect and reduce the amount of disinfectant, so as to avoid the adverse effects of excessive disinfectant on the environment. Hospital sewage through the septic tank into the regulating tank, regulating the front of the pool set up automatic grating, regulating the pool is equipped with lifting pumps. Sewage is lifted into the coagulation and sedimentation tank for coagulation and sedimentation, the water from the sedimentation tank enters the contact pool for disinfection, and the water from the contact pool meets the standards for discharge.
Regulation tank, coagulation and sedimentation tank, contact tank sludge and slag and other waste generated in the sewage treatment station centralized disinfection and transportation. Disinfection can be used pasteurized steam disinfection or adding lime and other methods.
2, process characteristics
Strengthening the treatment effect of the first level of intensive treatment can improve the treatment effect, can carry viruses, germs particles removed, improve the subsequent deepening of the effect of disinfection and reduce the amount of disinfectant. One of the existing primary treatment process can be modified to make full use of existing facilities and reduce investment costs.
3, the scope of application
Strengthening the treatment effect of the first level of enhanced treatment is applicable to the treatment of effluent ultimately into the second level of treatment of municipal wastewater treatment plant of the general hospital.
Secondary treatment process
1, process flow description
Secondary treatment process is "conditioning tank → biological oxidation → contact disinfection". The hospital sewage enters the regulating tank through septic tank. Automatic grating is set in front of the regulating tank. The regulating tank is equipped with a lifting pump, the sewage is lifted into the aerobic tank for biological treatment, and the water from the aerobic tank is disinfected in the contact pool, and the effluent is discharged according to the standard.
Regulation tank, biochemical treatment tank, contact pool sludge and slag and other waste generated in the sewage treatment station centralized disinfection and transported for incineration. Disinfection can be pasteurized steam disinfection or lime injection and other methods.
The secondary treatment process (non-infectious and infectious disease sewage)
Infectious disease hospital sewage and fecal cheap collected separately. Domestic sewage directly into the pre-disinfection pool for disinfection and treatment into the regulating pool, the patient's feces should be disinfected independently and then enter the septic tank through the sewers or separate treatment. Each structure shall be operated in an airtight environment, with ventilation through a unified ventilation system, and the exhaust gas shall be discharged through disinfection, which can be carried out by ultraviolet disinfection system.
2, process characteristics
Aerobic biochemical treatment unit to remove CODcr, BOD5 and other organic pollutants, aerobic biochemical treatment can be selected from contact oxidation, activated sludge and high-efficiency aerobic treatment processes, such as membrane bioreactors, aeration biofilter and other processes. The use of high-efficiency aerobic treatment process with filtration function can reduce the concentration of suspended solids, which is conducive to subsequent disinfection.
3. Scope of application
Applicable to infectious disease hospitals (including general hospitals with infectious disease wards) and general hospitals discharging into natural bodies of water for sewage treatment.
Treatment technology
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Modern sewage treatment technology, according to the degree of treatment, can be divided into primary, secondary and tertiary treatment, generally based on the water quality conditions and the destination of the treated water to determine the degree of sewage treatment.
Primary treatment
The main removal of solid pollutants in the sewage in suspension, physical treatment method can only be completed in most of the requirements of primary treatment. After primary treatment of sewage, BOD can generally remove about 30%, not up to the discharge standard. Primary treatment belongs to the pretreatment of secondary treatment.
Secondary treatment
The main removal of sewage in the colloidal and dissolved organic pollutants (BOD, COD substances), the removal rate of up to 90% or more, so that organic pollutants to meet the discharge standards, the removal rate of suspended solids up to 95% of the effluent effect is good.
Tertiary treatment
Further treatment of difficult to degrade organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus can lead to eutrophication of the water body, such as soluble inorganic substances. The main methods include biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal, coagulation and precipitation, sand filtration, activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange and electrodialysis.
The whole process is through the coarse grating of raw sewage through the sewage lifting pump, after lifting, through the grating or sieve rate, and then into the sand sedimentation tank, after the sand and water separation of sewage into the initial sedimentation tank, the above for the primary treatment (i.e., physical treatment), the primary sedimentation tank of the effluent into the biological treatment equipment, there are activated sludge and biofilm method, (which activated sludge method of the reactor aeration tank, oxidation ditch, etc.), biofilm method includes biofilter, and biofilm method includes biofilter, and activated carbon adsorption method. (The reactors of activated sludge method include aeration tank, oxidation ditch, etc., and biofilm method includes biofilter, bio-turntable, bio-contact oxidation and bio-fluidized bed), the effluent of the biological treatment equipment enters into the secondary sedimentation tank, and the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank is disinfected and discharged or enters into the tertiary treatment. Part of the sludge from the secondary sedimentation tank is returned to the primary sedimentation tank or biological treatment equipment, and part of it enters the sludge thickening tank, and then enters the sludge digestion tank, and after dewatering and drying equipment, the sludge is finally utilized.
Commonly used methods
Editorial
Production Wastewater Chapter
Methods for treating industrial wastewater
A method for treating industrial wastewater belongs to the field of wastewater treatment technology. It is to lead the sewage to the catchment basin, the end of the catchment basin a compartment to adjust the pH, with a first-class dissolved air pump to lift to a first-pressure dissolved air tank, while inhaling air and polycondensation decolorant, will be in a first-pressure dissolved air tank of first-class saturated dissolved air water suddenly released to a first-class air-float pool to form a first-class treated water; a first-class treated water overflow into the buffer pool, and then in the control of pH with a second-class dissolved air pump will be a first-level treatment of water lifted to the second-pressure dissolved air tank, while inhaling air and polycoagulation decolorizer. Tank, while inhaling air and polycondensation decolorant, the secondary pressure dissolved gas tank in the secondary saturated dissolved gas water suddenly released to the secondary air flotation tank to form the second level of treated water and since the overflow to the sedimentation tank precipitation discharge; one or two air flotation tank in the floating sludge into the floating mud pool, filtering filter cake, filtrate back to the catchment pond. The removal rate of CODcr, decolorization rate, SS and BOD5 of industrial wastewater treated by this method is 80-90%, 95%, more than 90% and 75-80% respectively, which is in line with the first-grade water discharge standard of GB8978-1996. Biogas power generation is a new technology of comprehensive utilization of energy integrating environmental protection and energy saving. It utilizes the biogas produced by industrial sewage through anaerobic fermentation treatment to drive the biogas generator set to generate electricity, and can make full use of the residual heat of the generator set for the production of biogas, so that the comprehensive thermal efficiency of about 80%, much higher than the general 30~40% of the power generation efficiency, the user's economic benefits are significant is a good way to deal with industrial sewage.
Living Sewage
1.Rural sewage treatment method
Living sewage → septic tank → anaerobic tank → artificial wetland (planted with well-developed root system, moisture-loving, strong absorption ability of plantain, water onion, calabash and other plants) by the "filtration" after the discharge of the method of treatment, is mainly applicable to the rural decentralized sewage treatment. Rural decentralized sewage treatment, after the completion of the operating costs are basically zero, the service life of more than 10 years.
2. Urban sewage treatment method
City sewage will be transported to the rural areas around the city, the use of rural areas of the vast land to purify urban sewage. It will be a good way to get rid of the problem once and for all. The daily supply of domestic tap water 100W cubic meters of large and medium-sized cities, for example: ordinary sewage treatment facilities cost 1000 yuan / cubic meters. Construction cost of 1 billion, the annual operating cost of 100W cubic meters / day × 365 × 0.5 yuan / cubic = 180 million. Using soil purification method construction cost of 1000 yuan / cubic meter, the annual operating cost of 100W cubic / day × 365 × 0.1 yuan / cubic = 0.4 billion. At the same time, the annual saving of agricultural water resources 360 million cubic meters, saving about 10,000 tons of fertilizer / year, reduce pesticide use 5 tons / year, the comprehensive benefits are considerable.
3. New technology for domestic sewage treatment: decentralized treatment
Decentralized biological integrated treatment system for domestic sewage is a new type of domestic sewage, economic and environmental protection treatment system. The system has the advantages of low investment in equipment, low operating costs, easy installation, etc., the use of biological enhancement technology for efficient degradation of pollutants, can be realized on the domestic sewage in the vicinity of the local treatment, and to achieve the purpose of recycling of water resources. As an effective supplement to the sewage treatment of traditional sewage treatment plants, the system is gradually being widely used in urban residential communities, hotels and restaurants, tourist attractions, new rural communities and other fields.
Decentralized wastewater treatment technology has a small equipment footprint, without the need to lay pipe networks, equipment integration and high characteristics, so the infrastructure costs and civil engineering costs in the overall investment accounted for a relatively small amount, only about 30%, while about 70% of the investment is mainly used for sewage treatment equipment procurement and installation.
Microelectrolysis for industrial water treatment
1, technology overview:
Microelectrolysis technology is an ideal process for treating highly concentrated organic wastewater, also known as internal electrolysis. It is to utilize the microelectrolysis material filled in the wastewater to generate 1.2V potential difference on the wastewater itself for electrolysis treatment without electricity to achieve the purpose of degrading organic pollutants. When the system is energized, numerous microcell systems are formed within the equipment, constituting an electric field in its action space. The new ecological [H] and Fe2+ generated in the treatment process can have redox reaction with many components in the wastewater, for example, it can destroy the chromophore or chromophore of the colored substances in the colored wastewater, and even break the chain, so as to achieve the degradation and decoloration of the effect; the generated Fe2+ is further oxidized into Fe3+, and their hydrate has strong adsorption-flocculation activity, especially after the addition of alkali to adjust the pH value. Generate ferrous hydroxide and ferric hydroxide colloidal flocculant, their adsorption capacity is much higher than that of ferric hydroxide colloid obtained by hydrolysis of general pharmaceutical agents, which can adsorb a large number of dispersed tiny particles in water, metal particles and organic macromolecules. The working principle is based on the electrochemical, oxidation-reduction, physical adsorption and flocculation and precipitation **** the same effect on the treatment of wastewater. This method has the advantages of wide range of application, good treatment effect, low cost, convenient operation and maintenance, and does not need to consume power resources. The process is used for the treatment of difficult to degrade high concentration wastewater can greatly reduce COD and color, improve the biochemistry of wastewater, and at the same time can have a very good effect on the removal of ammonia nitrogen. Traditionally, the microelectrolysis materials used in the microelectrolysis process are generally iron chips and charcoal, which should be activated with acid and alkali before use, and easily passivated and sliced in the process of use, and because iron and charcoal are in physical contact with each other, it is easy to form an isolation layer between them, so that microelectrolysis can not be carried out to continue to lose its role, which leads to frequent replacement of microelectrolysis materials, which is not only a large amount of workload and high cost, but also affects the effectiveness of the treatment of wastewater and its efficiency. In addition, the surface area of traditional microelectrolysis materials is too small, which makes the wastewater treatment takes a long time and increases the investment cost of tons of water, which seriously affects the utilization and promotion of microelectrolysis process.
2, reaction formula:
Anode: Fe - 2e → Fe2+ E (Fe / Fe2+) = 0.44V
Cathode: 2H﹢ + 2e → H2 E (H﹢/ H2) = 0.00V
When there is oxygen present, the cathode reaction is as follows:
O2 + 4H﹢ + 4e → 2H2O E (O2) = 1.23V
O2 + 2H2O + 4e → 4OH-E (O2/OH-) = 0.41V
3, technical characteristics:
1) fast reaction rate, the general industrial wastewater only needs half an hour to a few hours;
2) the role of the organic pollutants Wide range of organic pollutants, such as: containing diphosgene, carbon double bond, nitro, halogen-based structure of difficult to remove the degradation of organic substances have a good degradation effect;
(3) the process is simple, long service life, low investment costs, easy operation and maintenance, low operating costs, and stable treatment results. Only a small amount of microelectrolysis reactant is consumed in the treatment process. Microelectrolytic agent only needs to be added regularly without replacement, and added without activation directly into the can;
(4) wastewater after microelectrolysis treatment will be formed in the water of the original ferrous iron or iron ions, with better coagulant than ordinary coagulant coagulant, without the need to add iron salts and other coagulants, COD removal rate is high and will not cause secondary pollution of the water;
(5) has a good coagulation effect
5) has good coagulation effect, chromaticity, COD removal rate is high, the same amount of wastewater can be largely improved biochemistry;
(6) the method can achieve the effect of chemical precipitation in addition to phosphorus, but also through reduction in addition to heavy metals;
(7) has not reached the standard of the completed high-concentration organic wastewater treatment works, the technology as a pre-treatment of wastewater has been built to improve the biochemistry of the waste water at the same time in the degradation of COD, to ensure that wastewater treatment after the treatment of the high concentration of organic wastewater. The technology can be used as a pretreatment for the wastewater of the constructed project, which can improve the biochemistry of the wastewater while degrading COD and ensure the stability of the wastewater after treatment. It can also be used to carry out microelectrolysis or microelectrolysis combined with biofilter bed process for deep treatment of wastewater after biochemical treatment;
(8) each unit of the technology can be used as a separate treatment method, and can be used as a pretreatment process for biological treatment, which is conducive to the settling of sludge and biofilm hanging.
4. Applicable wastewater types:
This technology is especially designed for the treatment of wastewater with large concentration of organic matter, high toxicity, high chromaticity and difficult to biochemical wastewater, which can greatly reduce the chromaticity and COD of the wastewater and improve the B/C ratio, i.e., improve the biochemical properties of the wastewater; it can be widely used in the treatment of various types of industrial wastewater, such as printing and dyeing, chemical engineering, electroplating, pulping and papermaking, pharmaceuticals, washing, pesticides, alcohol, etc., and the reuse of treated water. It can be widely used in the treatment of various types of industrial wastewater such as printing and dyeing, chemical, plating, pulp and paper, pharmaceutical, wool washing, pesticide, alcohol, etc.
(1) Dyeing, printing and dyeing wastewater; coking wastewater; petrochemical wastewater;
------ the above wastewater in the decolorization at the same time, the BOD/COD value of the treated water increased significantly.
(2) Petroleum wastewater; leather wastewater; papermaking wastewater, wood processing wastewater;
------ BOD/COD value of the above wastewater is significantly improved after treatment water.
(3) Electroplating wastewater; printing wastewater; mining wastewater; other wastewater containing heavy metals;
------ can remove heavy metals from the above wastewater.
(4) Organophosphorus agricultural wastewater; organochlorine agricultural wastewater;
------ greatly improves the biochemistry of the above wastewater and can remove phosphorus and sulfide.
New catalytic active microelectrolytic filler
1, product overview:
New catalytic active microelectrolytic filler by the scientific research colleges and universities *** with the research and development by a metal alloy with a high potential difference fusion catalyst and high-temperature microporous activation technology production and become, with the integration of iron and carbon, fusion catalyst, microporous architectural alloy structure, a large specific surface area, specific gravity and light, Strong activity, high current density, high water efficiency. Acting on wastewater, it can efficiently remove COD, reduce chromaticity, improve biochemistry, stable treatment effect, and avoid the phenomenon of filler passivation and plate knot in the process of operation. This packing is an important guarantee for the continuous action of microelectrolysis reaction.
2, technical characteristics:
(1) cathode and catalyst through high temperature smelting to form the integration of iron and carbon, to ensure that the "primary battery" effect continues to work. It is not easy to separate cathode and anode and affect the reaction of primary cell like the physical mixing and matching of iron and carbon.
(2) filler through high-temperature smelting to form the structure of architectural microporous alloy, large surface area, strong activity, not passivation, not slate, the cathode and anode for different wastewater ratios, wastewater treatment provides a greater current density and better microelectrolysis reaction effect, the reaction rate is fast, the general industrial wastewater only takes 30-60 minutes, long-term operation is stable and effective.
(3) Technical parameters:
Specific gravity: 1.0 tons/m3, specific surface area: 1.2 square meters/g, void ratio: 65% , physical strength: ≧1000KG/CM
Chemical composition: iron 75-85%, carbon 10-20%, catalyst 5%
(4) Specifications:
1cm*3cm (size) can be customized)
Processing equipment
The most important are as follows:
Centrifuge
Centrifuge is mainly used to separate solid particles from liquid in suspension; or to separate two liquids with different densities that are immiscible with each other in an emulsion (e.g., separating cream from milk); it is also used to exclude liquids from wet solids, e.g., using a washing machine to Shake dry wet clothes; special ultra-speed tube separator can also be separated from different densities of gas mixtures; the use of different densities or sizes of solid particles in the liquid settling speed of different characteristics, some sedimentation centrifuges can also be graded according to the density or size of solid particles.
Sludge dewatering machine
Sludge dewatering machine is characterized by automatic control of operation, continuous production, stepless speed regulation, applicable to a variety of sludge, suitable for water supply and drainage, papermaking, foundry, leather, textile, chemical industry, food and other industries of sludge dewatering.
Aerator
Aerator is through the diffuser impeller, will be "micro-bubbles" directly into the untreated sewage, in the coagulant and flocculant *** with the role of the suspended solids under the physical flocculation and chemical flocculation, resulting in the formation of large suspended flocs, in the bubbles group of the flotation effect! "Under the floating action of air bubbles, the floc floats up to the liquid surface to form scum, which is separated from the water by scraping machine; there is no need to clean up the nozzle, and no blockage will occur. This equipment is good overall, easy to install, save operating costs and occupy the ground.
Microfilter
Microfilter is a kind of rotary drum screen filtering device. The treated wastewater enters the drum along the axial direction, and flows out through the screen in radial radiation, and the impurities in the water (fine suspended solids, fibers, pulp, etc.) are retained on the inner surface of the screen on the drum. When the impurities retained in the screen is brought to the upper part of the drum, the pressure flushing water backwash to the slag discharge tank out. When running, the drum 2/5 diameter partially exposed to the water surface, the number of revolutions for 1-4r/min, the screen filtration speed can be used 30-120m/h, the pressure of the rinse water 0.5-1.5kg/cm2, the rinse water for the production of 0.5-1.0% of the amount of water, used in the water treatment of reservoirs, the efficiency of the removal of algae up to 40-70%, in addition to the efficiency of the plankton up to 97-100%. Microfilter covers a small area, large production capacity (250-36000m3/d), easy to operate and manage, has been successfully applied to water supply and wastewater treatment.
Air flotation machine
Air flotation machine is a kind of equipment for removing suspended matter, oil and grease and all kinds of gelatinous matter in various industrial and municipal sewage. This equipment is widely used in the treatment of industrial wastewater and municipal sewage such as oil refining, chemical industry, brewing, slaughtering, electroplating, printing and dyeing.
By dissolved air is divided into: inflatable air flotation machine, dissolved air flotation machine and electrolytic air flotation machine. The principle is to dissolve the gas in the water or more than two different liquids mixed efficiently (producing fine bubbles particle size 20-50 microns). Tiny bubbles as a carrier, adhesion of impurity particles in the water, the particles are bubbles hostage floating to the surface of the water and water separation, to achieve the purpose of solid-liquid separation.
Ozone generator
Ozone is a strong oxidant, it can decompose organic matter macromolecules into small molecules, decomposition of insoluble matter into soluble matter, difficult to degrade the material into degradable substances, the decomposition of harmful substances into harmless substances, so as to achieve the role of sewage purification.
Sewage treatment ozone generator product features
1, ozone is an excellent oxidizer, can completely decompose the organic matter in sewage.
2, can kill all pathogenic microorganisms including chlorine-resistant viruses and spores.
3, in the process of sewage treatment, less affected by sewage PH value, temperature and other conditions.
4, ozone decomposition into oxygen, increase the dissolved oxygen in the water, improve water quality.
5, ozone can be difficult to degrade organic matter macromolecules into small molecules of organic matter decomposition, improve the biochemistry of sewage.
6, ozone in the sewage will be all decomposition, will not cause secondary pollution due to residual.
Treatment chemicals
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There are many varieties of sewage treatment chemicals, the most commonly used are flocculants, flocculants can be divided into inorganic flocculants and organic flocculants.
Inorganic flocculants
Inorganic flocculants if the molecular weight of the size of the molecular weight is divided into low molecular weight and high molecular weight inorganic flocculants.
Low molecular weight inorganic flocculants
The most widely used are iron and aluminum metal salts. The mainstream of the market are polymerized aluminum chloride, ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate.
Polymerized aluminum chloride (cpolyaluminium chLoricle) is a new class of mainstream inorganic polymer flocculants, due to its higher efficacy in water treatment than the traditional inorganic agents, which is why the rapid development and widespread application.
Ferric chloride water molecular formula (FeCl3-6H20)
Features: the formation of alum flower precipitation is good, the treatment of low-temperature water or low turbidity water effect is better than the aluminum salt, suitable for a wider range of pH, but the color of the treated water is higher than that of the aluminum system, corrosive.
Ferrous sulfate molecular formula is (FeS04-H20)
Features: dissociation of Fe2+ can only generate the simplest mononuclear complex, not as good as divalent iron salt coagulation effect.
Aluminum sulfate molecular formula is Al2(S04)3
Features: the most used flocculant in wastewater treatment, convenient to use, good flocculation, when the water temperature is low hydrolysis is difficult to form a floc more loose, it is a narrower range of effective pH.
Mingiso (Al2(S04)3-K2S04.24H20) has a similar mechanism with aluminum sulfate.
Polymer inorganic flocculant
Inorganic molecular flocculant has high coagulation effect and low price, it is the most mainstream inorganic flocculant. Inorganic polymer flocculants can be divided into cationic and anionic types according to the different ionic degree
Cationic type: polymerized aluminum chloride, polymerized aluminum sulfate, polymerized aluminum phosphate, polymerized iron sulfate, polymerized ferric chloride, polymerized ferric phosphate, polyferrous iron and so on.
Anionic inorganic flocculant varieties are less, is more mainstream in 2013 is the polymerization of silicic acid.
Organic flocculants
Organic flocculants are divided into ionic and nonionic.
Ionic organic flocculants, that is, can change the surface charge of particles, and can play a role in the bridge chain, causing flocculation. Such as polyacrylamide (also known as 3 flocculant). Used to accelerate the rapid settlement of concentrate in the thick pool. Thus reducing the water content of the concentrate, less metal loss.
Organic flocculants are generally large molecular weight, usually up to tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands, or even millions, so add a small amount of additive can play a role in the bridge chain.