National government approved the establishment of 15 bonded zones
Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone in Shanghai Pudong New Area, Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone, Shenzhen Shatou Free Trade Zone, Shenzhen Futian Free Trade Zone, Dalian Free Trade Zone, Guangzhou Free Trade Zone , Zhangjiagang Free Trade Zone, Haikou Free Trade Zone, Xiamen Xiangyu Free Trade Zone, Fuzhou Free Trade Zone, Ningbo Free Trade Zone, Qingdao Free Trade Zone, Shantou Free Trade Zone, Shenzhen Yantian Port Free Trade Zone, Zhuhai Free Trade Zone.
The bonded zone is a new thing that has emerged in the process of my country's reform and development. It is an economically open area formed by our country based on the practice of international free trade zones and combined with our country's national conditions. Within this area, goods imported from abroad are regarded as overseas in terms of their customs duties and other tariffs, are exempt from customs supervision, and are given special tariffs and preferential policies for this area. The fundamental purpose of building and developing bonded zones in our country is to form a good investment environment and develop the foreign economy by utilizing the unique conditions of customs bonding in the bonded zones.
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Policy Supporting Requirements for Functional Transformation An important reason for the functional dislocation in the development of China's free trade zones is that the policies and management systems for the development of free trade port zones have not yet been established. In order to support the transformation of bonded zones into free trade port areas, China must not only adjust existing bonded zone policies, but also formulate some new supportive policies.
1. Export tax rebate policy. Currently, domestic goods from non-bonded areas are not eligible for tax refund when entering the bonded area. Export tax refunds can only be obtained when the goods leave the country. While export processing zones and other bonded warehouses have already implemented tax refund upon entry into the zone (warehouse), the export tax refund policy cannot be implemented for goods entering the bonded zone, making the bonded zone lose its appeal as a bonded warehousing site for export goods. The policy adjustment direction is that domestic goods entering the bonded area are deemed to be exported. Goods that should enjoy tax refunds can apply for export tax refunds with export customs declarations, foreign exchange verification forms, value-added tax invoices and other documents, and do not have to wait until the goods leave the country.
2. Trade rights. ?
1. Right to import and export business activities. Since the Ministry of Commerce regards enterprises in the bonded zone as overseas enterprises, enterprises in the bonded zone generally do not have the right to operate foreign trade. Enterprises in the bonded zone, especially foreign-funded trading companies, must carry out import and export business through foreign trade companies with import and export rights, which increases the operating costs of enterprises in the zone and complicates commercial transactions. Enterprises in the bonded zone should be given the right to operate import and export operations, the processing enterprises in the zone should be liberalized to operate import and export operations, and foreign-invested trading companies should be allowed to conditionally carry out domestic import and export trade while engaging in re-export trade. Now we can see the trend of policy adjustment. Starting in 2003, the Ministry of Commerce began to open import and export rights to enterprises in four bonded zones including Shanghai and Shenzhen on a pilot basis. ?
2. Service trade. Although the State Council made it clear in 1995 that the Shanghai Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone could be used as a pilot project, the corresponding approval authority was vested in various ministries and commissions of the State Council. The authority for approval was not clearly delegated, and there were no supporting policies and management regulations, which lacked operability. In contrast, after China joined the WTO, the pace of opening up service trade outside the bonded areas has accelerated. The state should liberalize the approval authority for service trade in the bonded zone, build commodity display centers, attract international multinational companies and comprehensive trading companies to the bonded zone, and promote the development of service trade such as international leasing, international shipping, international legal services, and international product display in the zone.
3. Financial foreign exchange management policies.
The so-called bonded, according to the "Customs Law of the People's Republic of China", means that with the approval of the customs, imported goods are temporarily not taxed, but are subject to retained taxation for supervision.
The Comprehensive Bonded Zone can carry out the following businesses:
1. Storage of import and export goods and other goods that have not completed customs procedures;
2. Foreign trade, including International re-export trade;
3. International procurement, distribution and distribution;
4. International transit;
5. Testing and after-sales service and maintenance;
6. Product display;
7. Research and development, processing, and manufacturing: The "processing" function includes substantive processing and simple processing in the circulation link;
8. Port operations;
9. Other businesses approved by the customs.
The main policies of the comprehensive bonded zone are:
Bonded logistics warehousing and import and export trade policies.
The functions of the bonded zone are positioned as three major functions: "bonded warehousing, export processing, and re-export trade". The bonded zone has functions such as import and export processing, international trade, and bonded warehousing commodity display. It enjoys the policy of "license-free, tax-free, and bonded" and implements the "domestic customs outbound" operation mode. It is China's highest degree of openness to the outside world, the most convenient operating mechanism, and the most favorable policies. one of the economic regions.
Bonded zones can facilitate re-export trade and increase revenue from related fees. Goods transported into the bonded area can be stored, modified, classified, mixed, exhibited, and processed and manufactured, but they must be within the scope of customs supervision. Foreign goods stored in the bonded area do not have to pay import duties and can still enter and exit freely. They only need to pay storage fees and a small amount of fees. However, if they want to enter the customs territory, they need to pay duties. Bonded zones in various countries have different time regulations. If overdue goods have not gone through relevant procedures, the customs has the right to auction them. After the auction, after deducting relevant fees, the remaining balance will be returned to the owner of the goods.
Reference materials:
Baidu Encyclopedia: China Free Trade Zone