The four great masters of Jiading, the three great scholars of the Qing Dynasty, and the two giants of Qian and Wang looked carefully behind these shining halos of history, and excluded all kinds of unfavorable factors, the works of Jiading's ancient women also accounted for about one-twentieth of the works of Jiading's ancestors. Although almost all of these women's works exist in name only, they are proof of the extraordinary talent of the people of Jiading. The continuation of the literary lineage cannot be separated from the intellectual women's attention and care to their children's education, and these intellectual women themselves have also endeavored to break through the layers of feudal shackles and transcend the turmoil of war, emerging one after another with outstanding talent. They galloped on the literary stage, either lamenting the times or writing about themselves.
Jiading talented women in the Ming and Qing literary world
According to the Qing Dynasty Jiading County Records, the history of Jiading female writers **** 48, 56 kinds of works, 65 of which had been involved in other books, most of which have been lost. Republic of China Jiading County continued to include five works by five female writers. In addition to the Qing dynasty Zhuang Qikun Qingyinzhai posthumous manuscript volume, the remaining four works are anonymous. Hu edited, Hu reprint of women's writings throughout the ages ko series has eight Jiading female authors. According to scholars, the Ming and Qing dynasties Jiading there are three other women's poems, county records, renewed records, the generations are not recorded. They are: Mao Erhua, Zhu Jun, poems 0.755-79,000; a poem heard cicadas from the Jiading women; Hou Tongzeng's wife Zhao has two articles: dying with her husband and martyrdom before the oracle sent maidservant book. In addition, the county records and the generations of koan are contained to young grandson sobbing Oracle old servant Liu Enshu first, for Dong Shi, Dong Huisheng, Dong Yusheng, Dong Deqiu, Ji, Yi, Dong Wanxian, Dong, Dong Ergü and other ten talented women made a selection of poems. There are two other parts of the historical koan, one is the engraved collection of poems of Dong's ten daughters, which contains four noble writings by Xia, Zhang Youwei, Sheng Huazhen, and so on. The other is the Shanggu Sizhen Collection, a collection of poems by six talented women, including Zhang Youshu, Zhang, Zhang Youwei, Zhang Youxian, Zhang Youcheng, and Zhang Youhong. Among them, Zhang Youwei was the wife of Jiading Hou. To sum up, sixty-one talented women of the Ming and Qing Jiading, seventy historical records, plus his poems scattered in three collections and three Jiading women.
Ming and Qing Jiading economic prosperity, the literary style flourished. The heavy literary atmosphere brought about by the imperial examinations led to a love of poetry and books throughout the region. Many families emphasized the education of their children, including girls. As a result, a large number of male literati, represented by the Jiading School, emerged in Jiading, and a number of female writers also appeared in the Ming and Qing literary world. Talented women either chanted about the four seasons, or expressed their feelings in their girlfriends, or lamented about their life situation, or talked about the hatred of their families and countries, or sang songs with their friends and relatives, and their creative work was in a relatively active state. Due to the traditional custom of "men are superior to women", the biographies of local chronicles through the ages, except for the piety of filial piety, there are very few. Coupled with the long history, especially the Jiading Japanese, war, Jiading ancient women's works are in short supply, most of the talented women and their works are lost in the depths of history, leaving only a handful of their names in the historical books.
The representative of the group of talented women in the Ming Dynasty is the famous Hou family.
Hou Linan
The term is apt. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the daughter of Gong Hou Qizeng was the wife of Gong Yuankan. Uncle Nan, or Hou Tongzeng, an anti-Qing warrior.
If the word is English. Daughter of Hou Tongzeng, sister of Hou Linan. As the daughter of a loyal official, Hou Huaifeng abided by the court's orders and understood the righteousness of the country. The first poem in his collection of six talented women of Zhang records the tragic reality of the bloody battles when the Qing army entered the country and occupied Beijing. The poem is deep and elegant, sentimental and somber, without the child moaning. The other poem is a poem about the feelings of the sick, written by the exiled brother Hou Xuanzhi. It is also somber and sincere.
Xia Ji
Jing Yin, Mei Nan, Long Yin. Hou Zengzi asked his wife Hou Xuan. As a teenager, Xia "was good at qin and chess, could do inspirational exercises, and was good at rhetoric". Her brother, who often mentioned Xia in his poems, even thought that her literary skills could be compared to those of the talented women of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Both Xia and Hou suffered great disasters in their righteous acts against the Qing Dynasty. Both nearly died. Xia's son, Hou Ming, died in his teens. Xia Jifu's son died, and his life was unfortunate. Afterwards, he followed his mother and sister-in-law to shave his head, and his dharma name was Shen Yi. There is a saying, "These years, 360 joints, sent space, no love." He is also known for his poems, "No Love". Commented on his poem "no romantic habit."
Zhang Youwei
Huang Yu the word. Hou Tongzeng's nephew, Hou's wife. Hou Tongzeng's second son and brother Hou Qi were both killed for opposing the Qing. Hou Dong, Zengzi's Hou candidate, was a fugitive from justice and the government urgently searched for him. Zhang Youwei's husband, Hou Xuanhong, Hou Qi's eldest son, stood up for him and was imprisoned for a long time before being released. After the couple went into seclusion, things began to return to their hometown. Zhang Wei wrote the Yichun Collection to be passed down to the world. His poetic style is clear and fast, reflecting the quiet emotions of his later retreat to Linquan.
Ning Ruosheng
The words are wonderful. He was the son of Hou Zeng, the wife of Hou Xuan. According to Chen Gojiao's sending brother, in Hou's official family, all the sons and daughters-in-law were literate. Ning Ruosheng and his wife Yao Guiyu, Hou Xuanxun's wife Xia, Hou's wife Zhang Youwei and other sisters-in-law often or sing or discuss the history of the scriptures, to Ning Ruosheng is the most knowledgeable. Ning lived a Longyin posthumous grass years. Based on the extraordinary family experience, his poems are full of world famous lines, and emotions are full of worries and deep feelings, not the ordinary forever in my mind can be compared.
Yao Guiyu
Cultivation, Dharma name regeneration. Anti-Qing celebrity Hou Tongzeng's son Hou Xuan played his wife. Yao Gui Gongyu's poems are writable. After the martyrdom of the Hou family, Yao Gui Yu with Yi's sister-in-law Xia in Caoxi Longjiangmen wish, Dharma name rebirth. There are Qing Dynasty boudoir poems passed down from generation to generation, and its poems are pale and sad, especially in the late Qing Dynasty Gufo, reading can not help.
There are many talented women in the Qing Dynasty Jiading.
Hou Chengen
Filial piety, no. Goupeng. According to historical records, Hou Chengen grew up as a great Min Hui Xiucai, Li Ling has a good sentence, "worry about a round of the bright moon, people thin sky drop", and a large paragraph, "write poetry, play chess, zither play well." HOU Cheng-en wrote one volume of YAN-HI-LOU, and seven volumes of WU-SHI-LOU." It is sad that his poems are full of red and green words..." His words are generally euphonious and bleak. Now the name of Jiading City "Bonshan Pavilion" is derived from "Bonshan Pavilion", where Hou Cheng'en was born.
Hiro Fujiwara
Shucheng, no, Xiaoan. Ye Hongkun intelligent, well-read, good at writing poems and words. Her husband died at the age of twenty-nine, and Nadeshiko kept the festival and died at the age of eighty-three. Ye Jian was extremely talented, he wrote two volumes, Chunhui Room Grass and Regeneration Remains, which were very popular in the world. His words were light and beautiful, inherited from the Southern Tang Dynasty. One hundred and twenty-two of his poems were received. Comments: "Ye Taijun praise pepper chrysanthemum, wipe the moon and criticize the wind, spend time to fill in the lyrics, the accumulation of masterpieces, playing the flute Sheng Ting, that is, to try the new sound, to take the Yang family's advantage, copy the old song, near Song, can be on the Qin Liu's hall; back to
Qiantang's daughter. Qiantang is a Qianlong forty-five years of a Xiucai, nephew of the Confucian Qian Daxin. According to records, Huilong "literature and history of young people", chipping clouds decorated moon, Pin Zhu playing the qin, since childhood poetry and lyrics. Long 55 years Qiantang died of illness, Jiangning to take office. Huilong wrote a poem, "remembering my father's official visit to Jinling more than ten years, I am now happy", once said "twelve years of official residence in Jinling, April feast". A few years later, the old generation died, and her husband was unable to manage the family. He was always away from home to study, the family's situation is declining. Finally, she sighed, "My heart broke in the present seventeen years, and my dear friend returned to the heavenly sea." After a few years, she finally died, "I cannot afford to be hurt." In the year of Dao Yiyou, Sun Renyuan of Hangzhou was the oracle of Pingyang, and Chen Yi collected the manuscripts of his cousin's anonymous poems, obtaining more than 100 poems, more than 10 words, several eulogies, and inscriptions to regenerate the remaining matter first. Please publish it in the preface. During the Republican period, Beiyang President Xu Shichang, who was a scholar, collected 110 excellent works of Tongcheng poets in the compilation of Bonshangge word notes, and Qian Huilong was listed among them. Wu Chengzhi, a late Qing Dynasty scholar and county scholar, said of his poems, "The ancient style is far away from the Six Dynasties, and the present style is close to Tang Yin, which is filled with, and is also longer than the pavilion and clouds of Tanju Xuan."
Flowers blooming modern women.
After the Xinhai Revolution, society changed dramatically. Under the influence of new educational ideas, traditional female morality was greatly challenged, and women gradually broke out of their boudoirs to receive new education. In this context, Jiading women also awakened early, they went to school, received new education, even co-education, to learn new modern knowledge and speech completely different from the traditional culture. The road to success for women was no longer limited to the poems and songs of ancient women, but, like men, they gradually moved into public **** places, touching all areas of society and making positive contributions. Their names and deeds began to be known, writing a spectacular page in the history books of Jiading. Therefore, the modern pursuit of talented women is no longer limited to the literary field.
Chen
was a native of Nanxiang, Jiading. He joined the Chinese ****production party in 1924 and was the first member of the Chinese ****production party in Jiading's history.
She served as secretary of the Nanjing Local Committee of the **** Youth League, secretary of the third branch, female member of the C*** Nanjing Local Committee, and one of the leaders of the Nanjing Women's Revolutionary Movement.
She was arrested in the early morning hours of April 11th, 1927, and was secretly killed by the reactionaries on the 13th, at the age of 42 years.
General Cheng Hui
A native of Jiading District, Cheng Hui attended Shanghai Women's Medical College in her early years, and was admitted to Yale University School of Medicine in 1921; she received a master's degree in 1924, and a doctor's degree in 1926, and returned to China to work as a physician at Shanghai's Shangxiantang Women's and Children's Hospital and Renhe Hospital; she went to the U.S. in 1930, and was a researcher at the University of Michigan, where she was engaged in laboratory research. In 1930, he went to the U.S. and worked as a researcher at the University of Michigan, where he conducted laboratory research. Soon after his return to China, he became the director of the Shangxiantang Maternity Hospital, and in 1934, he became the principal of the Zhejiang Provincial Midwifery School and director of the affiliated maternity hospital. During the war period, he served as a member and secretary of the Midwifery Education Committee of the Medical Education Commission of the National Government, and as a health counselor of the Ministry of Education. He was responsible for drafting wartime medical education programs and writing teaching materials. And he often went to supervise universities and Chinese medical colleges in the rear provinces and cities.
Returning to Jiading in 1947, he devoted himself to local medical care. Zeng Puji Hospital was founded and served as director. Died in 1970. Author Songyun Xiao grass embroidery Yu grass embroidery Yu word grass and so on.
Zhang Jiaxuan
Born in Jiading, she entered the Second Jiangsu Women's Normal School in 1912. in 1920, she went to England with her husband, Xu Zhimo, who divorced and went to Germany. in 1926, he returned to China and became a German instructor at Soochow University in Suzhou. She later became vice president of the Shanghai Women's Commercial Bank and was hired as general manager of the Shang Yun fashion company. Hush
, born in Jiading district, graduated from the University of Michigan Research Institute in 1931 with a doctorate in physics. After returning to China, he served as a professor of physics at Datong University, Tangshan Jiaotong University, and Guangxi University. 1937 to 1939, he was a researcher at the Royal Institute of Physics in Berlin, Germany. 1947 to 1949, he served as an editor at the National Institute of Compilation and Translation. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he was a professor at the Beijing Iron and Steel Institute, director of the Physics Teaching and Research Department, and the first to seventh vice-president of the Beijing Branch of the Chinese Physical Society. Specialized in low temperature physics and spectroscopy, he studied the intensity distribution of optical band systems in the 1930s and the Stark effect in the 1940s. Silver Lake Network was exposed by the financial magic mirror. In the 1950s, he did spectral analysis of rare earth elements, and in the 1960s, he studied low-temperature physics. The main thesis is the whole Qing words shunkang volume state dynasty words synthesized female bookworms deposit.
Qian Su Xing
, Jiading people, sprinting "queen". 1930, she graduated from the Jiading County Junior High School, admitted to the Shanghai East Asia Physical Education Specialized School Affiliated High School Teacher Training School, and after graduation, straight to the Institute of Physical Education. 1931, in the second Shanghai Games, 17-year-old Qian won the women's 200-meter race and long jump championship. 200-meter race and long jump and set a new national record.In October 1932, Shanghai hosted the World Games. As a member of Qian's Chinese team, she took part in the 4100-meter relay race, which the Chinese women's team won with a time of 58 seconds. in September 1933, at the Third Shanghai Olympic Games, Qian set national records in the women's 100- and 200-meter races. Hu Kao was a famous cartoonist in the 1930s, specializing in caricature portraits. His "wildcat" was Wang; the standard beauty was Xu Lai; the fawning one was Ruan; the "mermaid" was the famous swimmer Yang Xiuqiong, and Qian was drawn as a "short-legged tigress".
Pu Jiexiu
, studied in Jiading Yunqi Elementary School, graduated from high school, became an elementary school teacher, and was admitted to the Northern Normal University. 1932, he went to Germany for further study. after September 18, he joined the Allied Communist Party in Germany. 1937 he finished his postgraduate studies, and returned to China with a chartered engineer's certificate. 1945 he was elected a member of the Women's Federation of China. 1949 he became the vice-chairman of the Central Committee of the Democratic Construction of the People's Republic of China. After 1949, he became Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of the Democratic Construction Association. Mr. Pu was a deputy to the first to eighth sessions of the National People's Congress and a member of the second to fourth sessions of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
Park Hee-soo
Park Hee-soo
was a student at Yunqi Elementary School in Jiading at an early age, and later attended North Normal University Elementary School, Middle School, and Secondary School, dropping out of high school. 1929 she was admitted to Women's Teacher's Training University, and graduated from the university in 1933. 1933, she taught language in the private Zhicheng Middle School. 1936, she was engaged in distribution and advertising at the Late Qing_Poetry Exchange, and became a reporter. 1944, she joined the China Democratic League. After 1949, he served as a delegate to the First National Political Consultative Conference. He served as deputy editor-in-chief of public **** hygiene and author of midwifery. Pu Xixiu, who has been engaged in journalism for more than 30 years, is known for her hard work and quick thinking, and is one of the leading modern female journalists in China.
Pu Anxiu
, a graduate of Beiping Normal University, joined the Women's Salvation Society in 1936 and the Chinese ****anese Communist Party in the same year. she joined the Eighth Route Army in 1938, and married Peng in Yan'an on October 10 of the same year. He was deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Beijing Normal University, a member of the Discipline Inspection Committee of the Central Committee of the C****, a delegate to the Second National People's Congress, and a member of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He organized and published Clinical Bacterial Examination.