In the event of danger, the rescuer or rescued people have to remain calm, different dangers also have different points of first aid, the following three first aid suitable for different situations.
First, heat stroke first aid first aid: 1, immediately move the patient to a ventilated, cool, dry place, such as corridors, shade. 2, make the patient lie down on his back, unlock the door, and then take the patient to the hospital. 2, so that the patient lying on his back, unlock the collar, remove or loosen the jacket.
If the clothes are wet with sweat, replace them with dry clothes, and at the same time turn on the fan or air conditioner (direct wind should be avoided) to dissipate the heat as soon as possible. 3, with a wet towel cold compress head, armpits and groin, etc., if possible, with warm water to wipe the whole body, while the skin, muscle ***, accelerate blood circulation, promote heat dissipation.
4, conscious patients or after cooling awake patients can drink mung bean soup, salt water, or take people Dan, ten drops of water and patchouli Zhengqi water (capsules) and other relief. 5, once a high fever, coma and convulsions and other symptoms, the patient should be allowed to lie on the side, head tilted back, to maintain a clear airway, while immediately dialing the 120 telephone, help medical personnel to give emergency treatment.
Two, burns and scalds first aid common treatment is: 1, if the burned parts of the head and neck, it is not necessary to bandage, should be used to expose the therapy, only in the wound can be coated with burn ointment, but do not let snot, tears, saliva pollution of the wound. Once the wound was seriously contaminated, if necessary, should go to the hospital to inject tetanus antitoxin and antibiotics to control the infection.
2, if the burn, blisters have been broken, and local contamination by dirt, it should be rinsed with saline, and the surrounding area should also be cleaned and disinfected, and then covered with Vaseline gauze and sterile gauze bandage on the wound, and change the dressing every 2-3 days. 3, if there is a blister formation after the burn, it is best not to puncture the blister to avoid infection, such as larger blisters need to go to the hospital to ask the doctor to deal with.
4, for a small area of mild burns, cold water can be used to rinse the local timely to reduce the temperature, reduce pain and swelling. If the burn is very dirty local, available soap and water rinse, but do not scrub hard; dipped in dry water, and then coated with burn cream, safflower oil and other medicines.
Third, drowning first aid 1, first aid in the water attempts to approach the drowning patient, the rescuer should use some transportation tools (boats, life rafts, wave breakers, floatation devices), as soon as possible to reach the patient, the rescuer must always pay attention to their own safety, to reduce the risk of their own and patients. 2, all patients should be regarded as possible spinal cord injury, should be given treatment, immobilization of cervical and thoracic spine.
Fix the patient's neck in a neutral position (no flexion or extension), make the patient supine floating on the horizontal back support device, and then lift off the water. If the patient must be turned, the head, neck, chest, and torso should be kept in a straight line along the long axis and carefully rolled log-like to the horizontal supine position.
3. While keeping the head in a neutral position, open the airway by lifting the lower jaw. Once the patient's airway can be opened, respiratory care is initiated, which is usually accomplished when the patient is in shallow water or removed from the water.
If the rescuer has difficulty pinching the patient's nostrils, supporting the head, and opening the airway while in the water, mouth-to-nose breathing may be used instead of mouth-to-mouth breathing. The mouth and nose should be cleared of sludge, weeds, vomit, dentures, etc., and it is not necessary to clear the airway of accidentally absorbed water.
Resuscitation of drowning patients should not routinely use the Heimlich method. Tightly wrapped underwear and belts should be loosened.
4. Chest compressions begin immediately after the patient is removed from the water to check for circulatory signs, general circulatory signs (breathing, coughing, or responsive movements to respiratory rescue), and pulse. Vomiting during resuscitation Vomiting may occur during chest compressions or respiratory rescue; turn the patient's head to the side and remove vomit with fingers, clothing, and suction.
If there may be spinal cord injury, should be given immobilization, moving to keep the head, neck, torso overall movement. 5. It is best to clarify what kind of poison is contained in the water.
Primary or secondary hypothermia can occur in drowning victims and should be rewarmed.
Extended information:
In the event of a serious injury or someone suddenly became seriously ill, the emergency call for help at the same time, we should pay special attention to the following first aid points: First, the implementation of rapid rescue. Second, be sure to put the sick and wounded into the ventilation.
Must follow the fast grab, fast rescue, fast delivery of the "three fast" principle. Safety Determine that the injured and rescuers are not in further danger.
Check the injured: including the consciousness of the injured, breathing, pulse, pupils, trauma, bleeding and so on. Call for help 1. Calmly direct the scene and ask for assistance from bystanders.
2. Telephone 120 (should explain the location, injury, number of people, name and support needed, etc.). First aid priority: 1. Maintain an open airway.
2, re-establish respiratory function - respiratory arrest, artificial respiration. 3, re-establish circulatory function (1), cardiac arrest, the application of extracardiac ***.
(2), serious bleeding to stop bleeding. 4, to prevent shock.
5, to prevent re-injury. Principle 1: Put the patient in a correct and comfortable position to prevent the condition from deteriorating.
2. Keep the patient warm, but avoid overheating and sweating. 3. Provide psychological support to the patient.
4. Keep a detailed record and observe the patient's condition at all times. First aid points In the event of a serious injury or someone suddenly becomes seriously ill, the emergency call for help at the same time: a. Implementation of rapid rescue (such as dragging the injured person out of the water or fire).
b. Always put the sick or injured person in a ventilated area and perform mouth-to-mouth. Baidu Encyclopedia - First Aid Techniques.
2. First aid knowledge
Life will inevitably encounter some accidents, the following are introduced when encountered heatstroke, shock, centipede bites, pet bites, bee stings accidental first aid knowledge.
First aid for heatstroke 1. Immediately move the patient to a ventilated, cool and dry place, such as a corridor or the shade of a tree. 2. 2, so that the patient lying on his back, unlock the collar, remove or loosen the jacket.
If the clothes are wet with sweat, replace them with dry clothes, and turn on the fan or air conditioner (direct wind should be avoided) to dissipate the heat as soon as possible. 3, with a wet towel cold compress head, armpits and groin, etc., if possible, with warm water to wipe the whole body, while the skin, muscle ***, accelerate blood circulation, promote heat dissipation.
4, conscious patients or after cooling awake patients can drink mung bean soup, salt water and other relief. 5, once a high fever, coma and convulsions and other symptoms, should let the patient side lying, head back, to maintain a clear airway, while immediately dialing the 120 telephone, help medical personnel to give emergency treatment.
Second, shock 1, shock patients should be resuscitated on the spot, keep the patient quiet. 2, *** Take the shock position that the head and legs are elevated about 30 ℃.
3, keep the airway open, clear the oropharynx foreign body, lift the jaw, tracheal intubation or tracheotomy if necessary. 4、Don't give any drink or food to the patient when transferring, if the patient's mouth and lips are dry, wet gauze can be used to moisten them; if the patient breathes with his mouth open, open the gauze to cover the mouth.
Third, centipede bites should be immediately washed with a weak alkaline solution [such as soapy water, light lime water, etc.] and cold compresses, or with the same amount of alum, alum research to strong tea or boiled wine to mix the wounds, can also be used in the fish, dandelion, mashed external compresses, there are systemic symptoms of the person is recommended to go to the hospital quickly for treatment. Fourth, the pet bite 1, by the pet scratch, bite, should immediately use a lot of soapy water, repeatedly wash the wound, minimize the invasion of viruses, so that after treatment, should immediately go to the hospital for treatment.
2, at the same time must be rabies vaccination. The mortality rate of rabies is extremely high, once the disease treatment is almost hopeless.
But the prevention can be very simple, there is a small baby at home, it is best not to raise dogs and cats. V. Bee stings 1, available weak alkaline solution such as 3% ammonia, soapy water, etc. external, in order to neutralize the acidic poisoning, can also be used safflower oil, anemone, floral water, etc. external application of local.
2, wasp stings can be neutralized with a weak acidic solution (such as vinegar), and the stinger can be removed by picking with a small needle or wiping with gauze. 3, the local symptoms are more serious, but also to fire cupping and local closure therapy, and give painkillers.
The person with severe systemic symptoms should go to the hospital as soon as possible. For swarm stings or wounds that have signs of pus, it is appropriate to add antimicrobials.
Baidu Encyclopedia - First Aid Techniques Baidu Encyclopedia - First Aid.
3. What are the common first aid methods
First, as soon as possible to take off the fire or boiling liquid impregnated clothing, especially chemical fiber clothing.
In order to avoid the hot liquid on fire clothes or clothes continue to act, so that the wound increased deepening. Secondly, the fire will be doused with water, or jump into a nearby pool or ditch.
Third, after lying down quickly, slowly rolling on the ground, pressure to extinguish the flame. Do not stand, run, or call when the injured person's clothes are on fire to prevent increased head and face burns or inhalation injuries.
Fourth, quickly leave the confined and poorly ventilated scene to avoid inhalation injury and suffocation. Fifth, with the side of non-flammable materials, such as blankets, coats, quilts and other rapid cover the fire, so that the air and isolation and extinguish the fire.
Sixth, cold therapy after thermal burns timely cold therapy can prevent the heat to continue to play a role in the deepening of the wound, and can reduce pain, reduce oozing and edema. Therefore, if the conditions, thermal burns fire should be cold therapy as soon as possible, the sooner the better.
4. What is the general knowledge of first aid
The configuration of the family first aid kit 1. Home to prepare some disinfected gauze, bandages, tape, cotton swabs, etc., these things are often used in first aid.
If the conditions, it is best to have a piece of side length of about 1 meter of the large triangular towel. 2. thermometer is a must-prepared gauge.
Medical scissors, tweezers should be equipped accordingly, before using fire or alcohol sterilization.3. Configuration of iodine, violet drops, red drops, burns cream, eye ointment, itching oil, wet pain cream, band-aid and 75% alcohol and other topical medicines.
4. Configurable antipyretic, analgesic, antidiarrheal, anti-emotion sickness, general anti-inflammatory drugs and digestive drugs and other internal medicine. The drugs in the family first aid kit should be regularly checked and replaced, and should be placed in a ventilated and cool place, so as not to lose the efficacy of the drug, or deterioration, causing harm to the human body.
Artificial respiration first aid common sense to the cardiac arrest, electric shock, drowning, poisoning, anesthesia and other accidents caused by apnea patients, available mouth-to-mouth blowing artificial respiration method of rescue. 1. First of all, the patient's oral cavity, nasal sputum and foreign body cleaned up to keep the patient's airway.
2. Make the patient lie down, put two layers of gauze over his mouth, lift his jaw with one hand and tilt his head back; pinch his nostrils closed with the other hand to prevent the gas from escaping from his nostrils during the rescue. 3. Take a deep breath, then bend down and blow inward against the patient's mouth.
4. After blowing, if you hear the sound of returning air, it means that the airway is clear, and then you can do it again. When blowing, 20 times per minute for children and 12 times per minute for adults is the best.
The heart *** First aid knowledge of artificial respiration first aid, should be at the same time *** heart, prompting the heart to resume beating and blood circulation. *** The heart is restored to systolic and diastolic function by compressions at 60 compressions per minute.
The point of compression is in the upper third of the bottom edge of the sternum. The palms of the hands are down, the carpal bones are facing inward, and the palms of the hands are overlapped and crossed.
The direction of pressure should be 5-6 cm away from the center of the spine. Artificial respiration is best done by two people, one person for artificial respiration, the other for heart *** and every time you send air, about 5 times of compression.
First aid for acute appendicitisAcute appendicitis is a common acute abdominal disease, the condition if delayed, easy to appendicitis suppurative perforation, the formation of septic peritonitis, resulting in shock and life-threatening, so you need to go to the hospital immediately. Before admission, antibiotic treatment can be given, such as metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, amoxicillin and so on.
Do not use painkillers, so as not to cover up the symptoms and miss the diagnosis and treatment.1. Basic treatment: including bed rest, diet control, appropriate rehydration and symptomatic treatment.
2. Antibacterial treatment: use broad-spectrum antibiotics (such as benzylpenicillin) and anti-anaerobic drugs, such as methotrexate.3. Acupuncture treatment: you can take the foot Sanli, appendix points, strong ***, stay in the needle for 30 minutes, 2 times a day for 3 days.
4 Chinese medicine treatment: can be divided into two kinds of external and internal. External application: applicable to appendiceal abscess.
Such as four yellow powder (rhubarb, Huanglian, Scutellaria baicalensis and cypress, each equal part), ice tablets appropriate amount, *** research into a fine foam with warm water into a paste. For external application.
Internal use: the main role is to clear heat and detoxification, promote qi and blood circulation and Tongli attack. According to the principle of TCM diagnosis and treatment, acute appendicitis is divided into three phases, and each of them selects its main prescription.
5. Go to the hospital to take surgical treatment. First aid treatment of heatstroke quickly transfer the patient to a cool and ventilated place, let the patient lie down, unclothed, with a cold towel to wipe the body, or while using alcohol to wipe the side of the mouth blowing, prompting the rapid evaporation of alcohol to dissipate heat.
And then for its limbs ***, to promote the body's blood circulation, so that the organs to maintain normal functioning. When the patient wants to drink water, you can give to drink cool boiled water, salt water or green bean soup.
If severe heatstroke appears to be unconscious, urinating and peeing, blood pressure and heartbeat changes, subcutaneous bleeding, and even coma or convulsions, should be sent to the hospital immediately. First aid for fainting fainting is the phenomenon of short-term loss of consciousness caused by temporary anemia.
The patient is suddenly weak and powerless, with black eyes, pale skin and lips, cold limbs and weak sweat. Simple fainting caused by shock, standing for too long, or suddenly rising from bed for a long time.
At this time, the patient should be allowed to lie down, take the head down and feet high position of the lying position, so that the brain to increase the return of blood, cover the quilt attention to warmth, keep quiet. The patient can be fed with hot tea and sugar water.
Generally after first aid treatment, the patient will regain consciousness. If the hemorrhage and a history of heart disease caused by fainting, to send to the hospital emergency.
First aid for shock can be used in the following ways: 1. Immediately make the patient comfortable and at ease. 2.
2. If the situation permits, let the patient lie on his back, lower his head and tilt it to one side (to maintain the blood supply to the brain and prevent vomiting). If the legs are not fractured, try to elevate them.
3. Cover with a blanket to keep warm. Do not use a hot water bag as this may cause blood to flow to the skin and cause ischemia to vital organs.
4. Loosen clothing restraints to assist circulation. 5. Identify the cause of shock if possible and treat it.
6. If the sick or injured person is thirsty, moisten his/her lips with water, but do not drink anything. 7. If the heartbeat and respiration stops, artificial respiration should be given immediately and a stretcher should be used to keep the person in the same position as when he/she was treated and taken to the hospital.
How to give first aid in the event of sudden death Usually, a person's brain cells are damaged from cardiac arrest to complete death, and even if the person is resuscitated, he or she will lose the ability to think. Therefore, in the event of sudden death, first aid should be given immediately.
The method of resuscitation is as follows: let the patient lie on his back and remove the pillow, tilt his head back and stretch his neck. Make the patient's airway open.
Then rescue through artificial respiration, the rescuer should hold the patient's jaw with the right hand, and pinch the patient's nostrils with the left hand to breathe mouth-to-mouth, and at the same time, do cardiac compression, alternating at a rate of 20~30 times per minute. Artificial respiration should be completed within 2~3 minutes, otherwise, the patient will die due to untimely rescue.
*** First aid for sudden death Let the patient lie on his back with his head low and feet high, blow hot air into the mouth, and press the Renzhong acupoint with a needle or thumb, and then instill ginseng and epiphyllum soup after the patient slowly recovers his breath. Or will be fainting dead hold up, will be connected to the two ends of the bamboo tube into the throat, try to gas, without much time, will be able to save.
How to save the asphyxiated patient will be asphyxiated flat on the air circulation, and then artificial respiration. The first thing you can do is to lift the patient's chin and tilt his head back as far as possible, so that his airway is open.
Then pinch his nose tightly, and then blow hard into his mouth to make his chest bulge, and so on repeatedly, about 12 times per minute. In the case of foreign body suffocation, the patient may be placed upside down on the floor, or prone on the back of a chair, on the lowest steps of a staircase, or on the side of the bed so that the head hangs in the air.
5. First Aid Knowledge
Blowout 1, if the blowout eyes, do not go rubbing and messy rinsing, up to the appropriate amount of anti-inflammatory eye drops, and lie down, call 120 or rushed to hospitals with conditions.
2, such as hands or feet by firecrackers and other injuries bleeding, should be quickly with both hands for the top of the bleeding parts of the card, such as Yunnan Baiyao powder or panax ginseng powder can be sprinkled to stop bleeding. If the bleeding is more than a large amount, the application of rubber bands or coarse cloth tied to the top of the bleeding parts, elevate the affected limbs, and rush to the hospital for trauma treatment.
But the bandage should be loosened every 15 minutes to avoid ischemic necrosis of the affected area. Finger cuts 1, if the bleeding is small and the injury is not serious, can be cleaned after the wound, with a band-aid over the wound.
It is not recommended to apply medication such as red potion or hemostatic powder on the wound, just keep it clean. 2. If the wound is large and bleeding, you should stop the bleeding first and then rush to the hospital immediately.
The specific method of stopping bleeding is: the wound with a clean gauze bandage, pinch both sides of the root of the finger and raised over the heart, because the blood vessels are distributed in the left and right sides, to take this gesture can effectively stop bleeding. The use of a rubber tourniquet will be more effective, but be careful, every 20-30 minutes must relax the tourniquet for a few minutes, otherwise it is easy to cause ischemic necrosis of the finger.
Cerebral hemorrhage First aid mnemonic: head to the side Typical symptoms: people with a history of high blood pressure, due to the sudden drop in temperature or emotional excitement, the sudden occurrence of slurred speech or even coma.
2, the patient lying flat on the bed, due to elevated brain pressure, such patients are very prone to projectile vomiting, such as timely removal of vomit, may lead to cerebral hemorrhage coma due to vomit blockage of the airway suffocation and death. Therefore, the patient's head must be turned to the side so that the vomit can flow out of the mouth.
3, family members can use ice packs or cold towels on the patient's forehead, in order to help stop bleeding and reduce brain pressure. Alcohol poisoning 1, for the unconscious, to ensure that the airway is open.
2. If the patient vomits, immediately place him in a stable lateral position and let the vomit flow out. 3. Keep the patient warm, especially if wet and cold.
4. Check respiration, pulse, and responsiveness, and use CPR immediately if necessary. 5. Place the patient in the stabilized lateral position, monitor the condition closely, and check and record respiration, pulse, and degree of responsiveness every 10 minutes.
Hemorrhagic shock First aid mnemonic: close observation to prevent blood loss. Typical symptoms: massive blood loss due to accidents and zero blood pressure.
1, for the shock patient must pay attention to, in the stretcher to the rescue place, the patient's head should be close to the back of the stretcher lifting people, so that it is easy to shock people at any time to closely observe, in order to deal with the deterioration of the condition. 2, in the patient to the hospital on the way, the patient's head direction should be carried with his transportation (ambulance, aircraft, etc.) in the opposite direction, so as not to accelerate the role of the patient's brain caused by further blood loss.
3, such as shock is a big month pregnant women, should let her take the side position, otherwise the fetus and the huge uterus will compress the blood vessels, resulting in a decrease in the amount of return blood, aggravate shock. Scalded 1, with cold water local cooling 10 minutes.
2. Cover with a clean, moist dressing. 3, when the injury is swollen, remove the watch, bracelet, ring, etc., the dressing will be gently fixed bandage, pay attention to not too tight.
4, on the opposite side of the injury to the bandage. Burn treatment 1, if the burn burn at the skin is still intact, should be localized as soon as possible to reduce the temperature.
If you put it under the faucet and rinse for about 10 minutes. This will take away local tissue heat and reduce one step of damage.
2. Wrap the injury with a loose, moist, preferably sterilized pad. Be careful not to make it too tight.
3. If the skin has been burned, cover it with a clean pad to protect the injury and reduce the risk of infection. Gastric perforation First aid mnemonic: Lie towards the left side.
Typical symptoms: gastric ulcer patients, sudden onset of intolerable severe abdominal pain, and abdominal hardness and swelling, that is very likely to sudden gastric perforation. During the Spring Festival due to emotional fluctuations or after overeating, gastric ulcer patients are prone to gastric perforation, once the above symptoms occur, the possibility of gastric perforation should be considered immediately.
Before the ambulance arrives, the following points should be done: 1, do not cover the stomach and roll around, should lie on the left side of the bed. The reason for this is that most of the perforations are on the right side of the stomach.
Lying on the left side of the bed can effectively prevent stomach acid and food from flowing further into the abdominal cavity and exacerbating the condition. 2, if the paramedics can not arrive in time, but there are some simple medical equipment on the scene, the patient can self-insertion of gastric tube.
Specific method: Insert the tube into the nostril, to the throat, and swallow hard while breathing, swallow the tube into the stomach. The contents of the stomach are then withdrawn with a syringe, which reduces the degree of infection in the abdominal cavity and buys the patient time to heal, remembering that at this point the patient must also be lying towards the left side.
Fishbone throat 1, the implementation of abdominal compression (if the patient is pregnant or obese, the implementation of chest compression). If the patient is unable to stand, place him/her flat on a firm surface, sit across the patient's legs and perform abdominal compression five times, and then check whether the foreign body has been coughed out.
3. If you dig out the foreign body with your fingers, you should only dig out the foreign body when you can see it, not blindly.
6. What is the common first aid knowledge
Alpine sickness
Alpine sickness is formed because the higher the altitude, the thinner the air, the lower the air pressure, so the body needs oxygen pressure is also lowered, but the body needs oxygen content remains unchanged, in order to make the blood to maintain the human body needs oxygen, so it is necessary to increase the amount of red blood cells, but the human body automatically increase the amount of red blood cells need a few days to increase the amount of red blood cells. However, it takes a few days for the body to automatically increase the content of red blood cells. Therefore, when entering a mountainous area, because of the sudden increase in altitude, the human body will not be able to adapt to the situation of insufficient supply of oxygen in the body, the higher the altitude, the shorter the transition time, the more intense the reaction, and this physiological reaction is generally referred to as altitude sickness.
Symptoms of altitude illness include: vomiting, whimpering in the ears, headache, shortness of breath, loss of appetite, fever, drowsiness, and in severe cases, dullness of sensation, emotional restlessness, mental exuberance, thinking, memory loss, hearing, sight, smell, taste, and hallucinations, etc., as well as swelling, shock, or spasms. Preventive measures include: the speed of ascent should not be too fast, the best pace is smooth, and with breathing, and at the same time, depending on the gradient of the sharp and slow adjustment, so that the amount of exercise and breathing is proportional to, in particular, to avoid rapid breathing. The height of the ascent should be gradually increased, and the height of the daily climb should be controlled in order to adapt to the environment of low air pressure and thin air in high mountains. The itinerary should not be too tight, sleep and diet should be sufficient and normal, and frequent short breaks should be taken to strengthen the circulatory function and adapt to the altitude by soft exercises and deep breathing during the breaks, as well as to increase the oxygen uptake function through more physical training.
First aid for Alpine Sickness: Oxygen and lowering the altitude are the most effective first aid treatments. If there is shock, it should be prioritized and attention should be paid to hypothermia and other complications. Immediately rest, move the patient to a windless place, if the pain is serious, you can take analgesics to relieve pain. If the patient is still unable to adapt, lower the altitude until the patient feels comfortable or the symptoms are significantly reduced. Generally speaking, altitude sickness can be cured once the patient is lowered to level ground. However, severe cases may require medical attention.
Artificial respiration
The patient's breathing has stopped and the heart is still beating, or the heartbeat has just stopped, such as electric shock, drowning, strangulation, poisoning and other cases of first aid.
Worker's respiration should be carried out by placing the patient in a warm place with good air circulation, undressing, removing phlegm, mud and blood from the mouth, and removing dentures.
1. Supine artificial respiration: the patient is lying on his back, the first aiders face the patient, legs apart, across the patient's thighs on both sides, kneeling on the ground, arms straight, hands palm paste on the patient's rib arch, thumb inward, the remaining four points outward, through the first aiders own weight will be the patient's chest downward front push pressure, continued for 2 to 3 seconds, so that the chest narrowed, discharge of gas in the lungs; then the first aiders straighten his upper body, hands free, so that the patient's chest is not the same, and then the patient's upper body, hands loose, the patient's chest, and then the patient's chest. Then the first-aider straightens the upper body and loosens the hands, so that the patient's chest expands on its own and inhales air. This is repeated, 15 times per minute is appropriate.
2. Prone artificial respiration: the patient is prone, the head is partial to one, the first aiders kneeling on the ground, facing the back of the patient, the techniques and actions, the number of times and supine workers breathing is basically the same. When performing artificial respiration, do not exert too much force to cause rib fracture. In the artificial respiration at the same time, should contact the hospital, request to come to deal with.
The answer comes from the official website of Extreme Outdoor Networks
7. What is the knowledge of first aid
According to the common degree of accidents occurring in life and work, there are mainly the following first aid knowledge: the main points of the "120" alarm call, stop bleeding, cerebral hemorrhage first aid, respiratory distress, and seizure first aid. The first aid is to make sure that you have a good understanding of how to use it.
1, call the "120" alarm phone points China's emergency telephone numbers across the country unified regulations for "120" (Beijing can also dial "999") Dialing the "120" when you are in the "120", you can dial the "999". When dialing "120", you should accurately explain the patient's name, gender, age, exact address, contact phone number; the time of the patient's illness or injury, the main symptoms and the initial first aid measures taken on the scene; report the patient's most prominent, the most typical onset of the manifestations of the disease; what diseases have been in the past, the situation of the medication; to agree on a specific waiting place, the location should be iconic, easy to find. The location should be iconic and easy to find. 2, the correct way to stop bleeding After bleeding, first of all, we should elevate the injured part, clean the contaminated wound with water, if the wound bleeds more to stop the bleeding and then clean, and then use sterilized gauze or clean, breathable, absorbent dressing to cover the wound, and press the hand for 5-10 minutes, and indeed bleed more than to go to the hospital in a timely manner.
Important note: the wound can not be tied, may cause local ischemic necrosis. 3, cerebral hemorrhage first aid patients sudden cerebral hemorrhage, to immediately call 120 and take appropriate first aid measures.
Let the patient lie flat on the bed, keep the surrounding environment quiet, do not shake the unconscious person, closely observe the body temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure and other indicators; will be the patient's head to the side, to prevent the secretion or vomit blocking the airway choking; such as accompanied by fever, can be used to ice packs, cold towels on the patient's forehead, reduce the local temperature, is conducive to the protection of the brain. 4, dyspnea first aid method Put the patient on the flat ground, if there is vomit, secretions to be removed in a timely manner, hold the jaw to lift the head, maximize the opening of the airway; to keep the surrounding environment to remain quiet; if the patient dyspnea and accompanied by pink foamy secretion, it may be acute heart failure, to let the patient to maintain a semi-recumbent or seated position, to reduce pulmonary congestion, increase abdominal respiration.
The emergence of respiratory arrest, immediate artificial respiration and cardiac resuscitation, call 120 emergency. 5, first aid measures for seizures Seizures are sometimes very sudden, and when they occur suddenly, it is important to protect the airway and prevent aspiration.
The patient may bite his lips and tongue, if necessary, you can consider the gauze or tongue depressor pads between his upper and lower teeth; the patient's convulsions and spasms to stop, into a state of lethargy, so that the patient is in a lateral position, turn his head to the side, and pat his back appropriately, so that the patient's saliva in the mouth and the vomit out, to avoid asphyxiation, and at the same time the tongue is not easy to fall back to the airway obstruction. However, it should be noted that during the seizure period, do not forcefully press the patient's limbs, excessive force may cause muscle strain.
If the seizure persists, seek medical attention. Turn left | turn right Extended information A first aid misunderstanding 1, tilt your head when you have a nosebleed Correct practice: sit down, lean forward slightly, open your mouth and breathe through your mouth; pinch both sides of your nose with your thumbs and forefingers, and squeeze in the direction of the back of your head for 10 minutes to feel a slight pain.
If the blood flow is not stopped, you should immediately seek medical attention. 2, burns coated with toothpaste Correct practice: immediately rinse the affected area with cool water to inhibit high temperature damage to the skin and reduce the risk of infection; wrap the affected area with gauze to keep it clean and dry.
If the injury blisters, do not arbitrarily puncture, and if it is serious, immediately seek medical attention. 3, throat card thorn hard to swallow food Correct practice: can see the thorn directly with the hand or tweezers to remove; if you can not see or the person has been unable to speak, you should promptly seek medical attention.
4, the old man fell in a hurry to help the correct approach: suspected fractures, can be warm, pain, to prevent shock; such as bleeding should immediately stop bleeding, fixed; if you suspect a spinal fracture or a more serious situation, you should keep the old man's body does not move, wait for the 120 first aid on the spot. 5, stop bleeding force binding Correct practice: let the injured person sit or lie down, elevate the injured part; clean the contaminated wound with water, bleeding speed should be the first stop bleeding; with disinfected gauze or clean and breathable, non-adhesive, absorbent dressings to cover the wound, with hand pressure for 5-10 minutes.
6, after drowning upside down water control Correct practice: the drowning person lay flat, quickly pry open his mouth; remove the mouth, nose, foreign objects; to elevate its chin, because after drowning, the tongue will fall back, blocking the airway; such as drowning people stop breathing, should be carried out as soon as possible artificial respiration; once the heartbeat of the drowning person stops, should be carried out immediately cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Second, the family first aid box drug list The family is equipped with a first aid box, put some of the necessary first aid appliances and medicines, help timely rescue sudden injury patients.