I.
In Sichuan, if there is a family name that has been around for a hundred years, it must be Liu.
From the Republic of China, Liu Wenhui, Liu Wencai, to the reform and opening up after the tripod Liu's rich: hope that the group's Liu Yonghao brothers, the Tongwei Group's Liu Han Yuan, and once the Hanlong system Liu Han.
In Southwest China, the Liu family name is at the forefront but also hidden in the deepest.
As Hurun said, the Chinese businessman he respects most is Liu Yongxing. The first is because of stability, can be 10 consecutive years on the list of the hundred rich, only three families, Liu Yongxing, Liu Yonghao family is one of them; the second is because of frankness, only Liu Yongxing dare to say their first bucket of gold is how to earn.
In the 35 years of floating and fluctuating, Liu Yonghao family with 1,000 yuan wrestled to nearly 100 billion dollars in assets, to establish a huge empire covering feed, livestock and chemical industry and other fields, the foundation of the evergreen.
And it took 38 years of Liu Hanyuan, starting from fish feed, to layout of new energy, its Tongwei Group market value has stepped over the threshold of 100 billion yuan.
Of course, there are deep underwater, boasting that "never miss, always a winner" Liu Han, deep plowing in the southwest has been many years.
Sichuan's top tycoon's Tower of Heaven, rose here, and fell here.
Secondly,
In 1978, the old revolutionary Liu DaYong, who had already suffered from lung cancer, after sniffing a hint of the wind, called his four sons to his bed, and exhorted: "Times have changed for the better, and the opportunity is rare, so you have to cherish it, and make good use of it."
Hearing his father's instructions, Liu Yongyin, Liu Yonghang, Liu Yongmei, Liu Yonghao four brothers, although very moved, but all have a good job they resigned to go to sea this thing even dare not think.
Also in this year, 14-year-old Liu Han Yuan just enrolled in an aquatic school in Meishan, in order to "three years later to get an iron rice bowl, to solve the household registration and house".
And he is a year younger Liu Han is still studying in his hometown of Guanghan, because of poverty, the young Liu Han thought only how to earn more money to help his mother to subsidize the household, hefty power for him is still very far away.
However, the fate of the brothers Liu Yongxing was soon flipped by a meal of roast pork at home.
In 1981, in order to allow his four-year-old son to eat a meal of roast pork, Liu Yongxing, who had studied maintenance technology, from the first day of the New Year to the seventh day of the New Year, set up a stall near his home to help people repair electrical appliances.
After the Spring Festival, Liu Yongxing counted the money in his hands, shocked, just a few days actually earned more than 300 yuan, almost up to their own year's salary.
This makes the four brothers have a lot of feelings, and completely wake up: the times have really changed!
A discussion: since the repair of radio so much money, why do not we directly run an electronics factory!
In the operation of a meal, learning computer boss Liu Yongyan, learning mechanical Liu Yonghao and good at repairing household appliances Liu Yongxing soon built China's first domestic stereo, named "Xinyi audio".
However, when the 18-year-old Liu Yonghao proudly took the stereo to find the local commune proposed to open an electronics factory, it was soon to be the other side of the "collective enterprise can not cooperate with private, not allowed to take the road of capitalism," the reason poured a pot of cold water, sent back.
Three,
In the time to beat the drum, far away from Zhejiang Lu Guanqiu will be worth 20,000 yuan of seedlings as collateral, contracted factory business news reached the ears of the Liu brothers.
In the spring of 1982, after three days and three nights of discussion, the four brothers made a decision: the collective resignation from public service to do individual, start farming.
The idea of relying on credit union loans to start four people in a row after the dust, only through the sale of bicycles, watches, cobbled together 1,000 yuan as the initial capital.
Doing farming is the big brother Liu Yongyan's idea, starting with chicken and quail, the four people so set up Xinjin County Yuxin Breeding Farm, began to run wild hand in hand.
Also in this year, assigned to the Meishan County Water and Power Bureau of the two estuaries reservoir fishery soon after the Liu Hanyuan, on the monthly salary of 30, 40 yuan and the establishment began to get tired. In a rural safety inspection, Liu Hanyuan ate in the guest house, "the most delicious stewed grass carp".
The receptionist told him, "The reservoir is live water, and the water is deep, so the fish does not have an earthy odor."
18-year-old Liu Han Yuan moved up the mind: Sichuan people love to eat fish, how can we eat this reservoir fish with fresh flavor?
However, the growth rate of reservoir fish is not as fast as pond fish, and it is not easy to form a scale of free-range farming, Liu Hanyuan encountered a problem.
Just as he was groping his head to think through the time, towards the Avenue, Liu Yongxing brothers through the computerized mixing of feed and breeding selection technology, has figured out a set of ecological cycle farming method, poultry quality is not only a substantial increase, but also the cost of raising a lot of reduction.
At the end of 1983, the four took stock, the good breeding farm hatched 50,000 chickens, 10,000 quail, but also brought out 11 professional households, a year's time will break the threshold of ten thousand yuan households.
And at this time, just graduated from high school did not go to college Liu Han, had to Guanghan fertilizer factory as a welder, but he could not resist the loneliness of his resignation before long to start their own business.
4.
Three years later, the brothers decided to give the farm a louder name "hope".
However, a crisis is looming. After teaching quail technology to local farmers in Xinjin County, local farmers set up a farming cooperative, and the hatching rate, egg production rate, and feed conversion rate are comparable to the "hope".
Seeing a bloodbath, the Liu brothers head a haze.
But it so happened that at this time a foreign feed company called "Zhengda" (sponsors of the show "Zhengda Variety") stationed in China, relying on the fattening technology to occupy half of the Chinese pig feed. But "Zhengda" pig feed is not only expensive, but also very popular, a material hard to find.
Seeing the opportunity of the Liu brothers decided to transition, in 1987, the four invested 4 million yuan to establish the "hope" Institute of Science and Technology and feed mills, and find a number of domestic and foreign experts to research and development.
In order to completely devote themselves to the new business, Liu Yongxing brothers do not leave a way out, bear the pain of the farm of 100,000 quail all slaughtered.
In 1989, after two years of research and development, "Hope Brand" No. 1 full-price pellet feed for suckling pigs was officially launched on the market.
At this time, the Liu brothers faced the first problem: how to compete with the national reputation of "Zhengda"?
V.
At the same time as the transformation of Liu Yonghao, the reservoir fish headache Liu Hanyuan came up with a solution.
While flipping through magazines, Liu Hanyuan found that Germany already has a mature technology of fish farming in nets, which is very suitable for large-scale farming in reservoirs and such waters. The fish raised in this way not only do not have the smell of dirt, but also faster than the natural state.
Relying on the 200 yuan he saved and the two pigs he sold at home, Liu Hanyuan also embarked on the road of entrepreneurship.
In 1984, at the age of 20, Liu Hanyuan put his own development of "channel metal net box running water fish farming method" into practice, just half a year to earn back more than 2000 yuan of cash.
A small fortune Liu Hanyuan did not hide, the technology unreservedly taught the local villagers, and free to the national farmers to promote.
Being around the people laugh "head silly" Liu Han Yuan heart understand: net box fish farming is not much core advantage, they can not monopolize. It would be better to expand the group of fish farmers, to do their own fish feed, after all, it is not ordinary people want to produce can produce.
Liu Hanyuan will raise fish will be more "fishing".
Determined to do Liu Hanyuan through the unit of the master, to find professional farmers to ask for advice, two years later, finally developed a fish feed in his hometown of Yongshou Town, built a fish feed factory (Tongwei feed predecessor).
In 1988, with the quality and vision, Liu Hanyuan's Tongwei feed was a hit and earned a lot of money.
Also in this year, 23-year-old Liu Han in the continuous dumping of timber and refined oil, through the relationship between the Garden Bureau, in the Kanding forest pulled back a number of round wood, turn a sale will get double the profits.
Sixth,
In order to compete with "Zhengda", by selling quail eggs to learn all the experience of posting small advertisements Liu Yonghao in the "hope" brand of feed was launched, immediately with small advertisements to the countryside. The advertisements went to the countryside.
Liu Yonghao seems to be a self-taught advertiser, he found someone to put his own idea of "raising pigs and hope to be rich, hope to help" through small advertisements posted all over Chengdu, almost every family's pigsties.
In the countryside on the earth wall, with white paint strikingly brushed with "eat a catty long a catty, hope brand milk pig feed is fine," the words, relying on accurate advertising, good quality and low price "hope brand" feed quickly became the "Zhengda".
Next, "Hope" and "Zhengda" began a price tug-of-war. First of all, "hope" than "big" cheaper than 60 yuan per ton, then the rich and powerful "big" gritted his teeth and stomped straight down 100 yuan, the last pressure-free The last pressure of the "hope" simply cut the price of 120 yuan.
In the end, "hope" brand feed sales increased three times year-on-year, began to sit firmly in the first chair of the national pig feed, while the despondent "Zhengda" announced the withdrawal of the Chengdu market.
In 1994, Forbes published its first list of the richest people in mainland China, and the Liu Yonghao brothers were ranked first with 600 million RMB, making them the richest.
A year later, the Liu brothers officially went to Sichuan to buy more than 30 poorly run state-owned feed enterprises. But just when the boom was over, the four brothers were suddenly exposed to the news of a peaceful breakup.
Along with the "feed fever" trend, Liu Yonghao four brothers keenly realized that the profit margins have been pressed very low.
So, the four brothers discussed a major family property rights: 27 branches across the country into two, Liu Yonghao in charge of the Southwest, Liu Yongxing sit in the Northeast.
At the same time, the eldest brother, Liu Yongyan, founded the mainland hope that the company, focusing on high-tech areas of electronic research.
The second brother, Liu Yongxing, took his share of 2 billion to devote himself to the heavy chemical industry, and established the Oriental Hope Company, which took root in the electrolytic aluminum industry.
Liu Yongmei, the third brother, set up the West China Hope Company to continue his old business in the feed industry.
The fourth brother, Liu Yonghao, formed the New Hope Group and became its chairman, and began to expand upstream and downstream of the feed industry.
In the Chinese business family, the Liu brothers are one of the few "peaceful breakups".
It was also during this period that Liu Hanyuan, who was just 30 years old, moved the headquarters of the recently established Sichuan Tongwei Group to Chengdu.
In order to recruit talent, Liu Hanyuan shelled out 100,000 yuan in the "Sichuan Daily" a few mainstream newspapers published a job advertisement for two weeks, and quickly set up a hundred R & D team, and quickly solve the adult fish "fat, viscera proportion" and other world problems, the farmers will greatly reduce costs.
At this point, the Tong Wei Group, in the momentum has been no less than the Liu brothers' Hope Group.
VII.
Liu Han is also not willing to be lonely.
Under the guidance of the "high man", Liu Han began to go on stage in the famous inside and outside the Chengdu Red Temple sub-market futures speculation.
Many people do not know, located in the center of Chengdu, although only 200 meters of red temple, but as the famous original stock market, the heyday of this small street full of desks, yards of piles and piles of yuan.
At this time, Liu Han took a 24-seat Mazda shuttle bus to the market at 7am every morning, and then hitchhiked home at night.
But a year later, the shuttle bus driver could no longer see Liu Han, because he had gotten rich.
However, at this time, Liu Han does not stop. Because of the speculation of futures, Liu Han offended a big man in the northeast called Yuan Baojing, and got into trouble.
On the night of February 1, 1997, Yuan Baojing instructed the gunman Li Haiyang in Liu Han often go to a hotel ambush, such as Liu Han came out, close range shot two shots.
I don't know whether the gunman was unprofessional, or Liu Han's life, he ended up unharmed.
Six years later, Yuan Baojing was arrested and eventually sentenced to death for his involvement in another murder case, which came later.
Perhaps because he believed that there would be a blessing in disguise, Liu Han, who had escaped death, registered the Hanlong Group in Mianyang a month later, but the legal person was called Pu Wanchang, who stayed behind the scenes.
This is the later famous "Hanlong system", its business scope is diverse, from chemical products, medical equipment, electronic products to agricultural and sideline products, dining chairs, entertainment, transportation, covering almost all the business.
In less than a decade, the Hanlong Group has become a Sichuan and even the country's well-known investment group, behind the boss Liu Han's story was interpreted as a legend in many versions.
During this time, Liu Han Yuan was also attacking the city. Taking advantage of the Tongwei feed hot sales, one after another in Kunming, Anyue, Xichang and other more than 10 cities opened a subsidiary, the scale is getting bigger and bigger.
Because of the popularity of Tong Wei fish feed, the industry jokes that "one out of every three fish in the country consumes Tong Wei feed."
In 2006, only two years after the listing of the Tongwei Group sales revenue of more than 20 billion, the market value of nearly 10 billion mark.
In the Hurun 100 list, in addition to the stable and unchanged Liu Yonghao brothers family, 41-year-old Liu Han and 42-year-old Liu Han Yuan also continued to be listed.
The three Liu businessmen and families have become representative of Sichuan's top tycoons.
VIII.
After the split, fourth brother Liu Yonghao quickly became the face of the family.
In fact, as early as 1993, Liu Yonghao, who has ideas and is also a good communicator, was already elected to the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).
That year, at the CPPCC National Committee meeting, 42-year-old Liu Yonghao spoke on behalf of the nation's private entrepreneurs in the Great Hall of the People, and when his famous "private enterprise has hope" just read out the punny title, the audience smiled, and then applauded and cheered.
After this meeting, Liu Yonghao successively served as vice chairman of the Federation of Industry and Commerce, deputy director of the CPPCC Economic Commission, in his promotion, "non-public economy 36" and other documents to help the private economy have been introduced.
In 1998, Liu Yonghao's New Hope Six Harmony Group was listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange, and with the help of capital, Liu Yonghao began to move into finance and real estate.
New Hope quickly became the major shareholder of Minsheng Bank, and got the scarce traditional financial licenses, layout in the field of commercial insurance.
After the new millennium, the $100 billion "New Hope" was already looking out for the rest of the world in the southwest.
However, the other two tycoons surnamed Liu are not idle.
In 2002, 38-year-old Liu Hanyuan in Peking University Guanghua School of Management during the EMBA, met the new energy predecessor Wang Chuanfu, began to enter the energy industry.
Four years later, Liu Hanyuan set up Sichuan Yongxiang Polysilicon Co., Ltd. and ambitiously announced that he would invest 26 billion dollars to build the largest integrated solar photovoltaic project in China.
In the same year, Liu Han's Hanlong Group signed several scenic areas in Sichuan tourism development rights, and will extend the tentacles to the field of highway, quickly took the cost of 4.2 billion yuan of Mianyang-Suining highway construction project, becoming the first private enterprise in Sichuan to participate in the construction of highways.
Then, the hanging Hanlong Group is the acquisition of futures, wine companies, and in the power, new energy, environmental protection and other projects frequently, there seems to be no Liu Han can not do the field.
In 2008, the Wenchuan earthquake, as the Sichuan people, Liu Han personally donated 50 million, and he donated the construction of the "Liu Han Hope Primary School" in the Wenchuan earthquake unharmed, highly publicized at the same time also received a lot of praise.
But this was Liu Han's only moment of glory, as he was running out of time.
Nine,
After 2008, Liu Han suddenly turned to the outside world, began to force overseas mining development.
Less than three years, from the African uranium mine, to the Australian molybdenum mine, to the Cameroon iron ore, Liu Han all the way to buy buy buy.
And in the back of these large acquisitions, more China Exim Bank, China Development Bank and other state-owned banks as financing backing, there are many large mining groups take the initiative to "endorsement".
However, when Liu Han was on the rise, rumors of his involvement in crime, murder, and the support of actresses were rampant.
Sooner or later, you have to return the favor.
On February 9, 2015, Liu Han was sentenced to death and executed for allegedly organizing, leading, and participating in the crime of organizing a triad society, as well as intentional homicide.
That year, he was exactly 50 years old.
Also in the same year, because of the industry downturn, Liu Han Yuan boiled for a long time, and finally came through. 51 years old, he restarted the tetrachloro-silicon cold hydrogenation technology reform project, and at the end of the year, announced that polysilicon annual production capacity exceeded 70,000 tons.
Soon after, Liu Hanyuan invested in Baotou to build an annual output of 50,000 tons of high-purity crystalline silicon and supporting new energy projects, in one fell swoop, polysilicon annual production capacity of 120,000 tons, jumped to the world's first.
Interestingly, when everyone thought that Liu Hanyuan would continue along the path of photovoltaic, he announced that he was back to his old profession, "fish farming": "Tongwei Group to grasp the two hands of agriculture and new energy, one can not be missing.
Still this year, Liu Yonghao continued to make a speech at the Sichuan Internet Conference with a punny title "New Hope in the Internet Era", and at the age of 64, he has put his "new hope" on the younger generation.
As the new chairman of the New Hope Six Harmony Group, his daughter Liu Chang has taken over for two years.
In order to build a new platform for more young people, Liu Yonghao created "Grassroots Knowledge" as a platform to train business partners, and so far has found more than 500 partners for New Hope.
Liu Yonghao told this group of young people: "Thirty years to create a new hope".
The times make the heroes, and the heroes make the times.
Retrospectively, the road that these few billionaires of the surname Liu have traveled all the way, in the turbulent and surging changes, they are all from scratch, from small to large, from weak to strong.
But they chose a different path.
In the era when capital can't push everything across the board, there are different ways to get wealth, and the end is naturally different.
All of them started from the reckless, but in the tide of the current situation, some people to the left, some to the right; some people can hold on to the original heart, some people forget the bottom line.
This is the jungle, but also human nature.
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