40 examples of inventive principles
1 ? Segmentation
? 1)Train cars are separate individuals from each other and the number of cars can be adjusted
? 2)The center and sleeve of a ballpoint pen are two divisible parts, and the center can be changed
? 3)The three blades of an electric fan are three separate individuals that can be removed
? 4)The watering hose system in the field, each section is connected with a fitting.
? 5)Chains on bicycles, motorcycles, etc. are connected one to the other, with each link being removable
2 ? Separation
? 1)In petroleum processing, some oil residue or other harmful substances are refined and separated, and gasoline or diesel fuel with higher precision has been obtained.
? 2)After the bullet is issued, the core is separated from the shell
? 3)The computer keyboard is separated from the mouse, in order to facilitate people to follow the good operation
? 4)The part of the rocket that has burned out its fuel will be disintegrated and separated during the process of exiting the atmosphere
? 5)Soundproofing materials now used in buildings absorb or isolate noise so that it is separated from our environment
3 ? Localized mass
? 1) One side of the hammer is made flat and the other side is made flat to increase the cutting function of the hammer (special hammer for quarry).
? 2)Automatic pen. Make a pair of ears on the center of the pen and add a spring.
? 3)The drill bit of the electric drill is made into a spiral shape, which increases the stability when drilling holes and prevents slipping
? 4) The three-button computer mouse changes the trouble and inconvenience of the original single button.
? 5)Change the opening of the cup, make a cutout on the top to maximize the prevention of leakage when pouring water (the mouth of the outer skin of the thermos is also like this)
4 ? Asymmetry
? 1) Zippers on clothes, one side and zipper on the other side did not.
? 2)The blades of an electric fan
? 3)Asymmetry of a cell phone with an antenna
? 4)The large knife is asymmetrical when viewed from the side
? 5)The two lenses of eyeglasses have different lens degrees depending on the degree of myopia of the human eye
5 ? Merging
? 1) Combining each compartment of a train to increase the number of passengers carried.
? 2) Combining the microphone and handset of a telephone in one box will make it easier for people to talk on the phone and free up one hand for other things.
? 3) The troughs for feeding livestock on farms are connected together, which saves feeding time and increases efficiency.
? 4) Connect multiple indoor etc. in series, **** with one switch.
? 5) Add a backrest to a stool and combine the two to become a chair
6 ? Versatility
? 1) The keyboard can be used for typing or playing games.
? 2) Multifunctional cell phone
? 3) Swiss Army Knife (up to fifty functions)
? 4) mp3 can listen to songs and store data.
? 5) Nowadays, printers are integrated with printing and copying
7 Kits
? 1) Ink, pen center, and pen sleeve together
? 2) Indoor antenna of a TV set
? 3) Umbrella handle
? 4) Thermos cups and thermos flasks are also made on the principle of kits
? 5) Fire trucks and cranes
8 ? Mass compensation
?1) Hovercraft, filled with air to make the boat float.
?2) Hydraulic jacks
?3) Submarines use discharged water to achieve lift
?4) Kites rise into the air by using the wind's upward lift on them
?5) Filling a balloon with hydrogen (instead of air) inside can make it float
9 Pre-imposed counteraction
?1) Parachutes
p> ?2) Cell phone buttons that automatically return to their original position when pressed
?3) Car shock absorbers
?4) Boats that use the reaction force (buoyancy) of water on the boat
?5) Children's trampolines that use the reaction force to bounce the child up
10 Pre-operation
?1) Openings in cans
?2) Injections of medicines by amount with varieties in fixed bottles and labeled.
?3) Cutouts for food bags to make it easier for people to tear them
?4) Layout of what is to be printed first when printing
?5) Turning the computer on before typing
11 Pre-compensation
?1) Washing machines, microwaves, etc., can't be worked on until the hatch is closed to ensure safety.
?2) A soft leather cover on a thermos to prevent the quilt from slipping or burning your hands
?3) A bumper on the front of a motorcycle to prevent damage to the car when it slips
?4) There are three ways to land and take off an airplane's landing gear (automatic, mechanical, and manual), and the latter two are compensating for the former
?5) A motorcycle has both point ignition start and kick Starting two kinds of compensation for each other.
12 Isotropy
?1) Chairs take up more space and are designed as folding chairs
?2) Nowadays, the public transportation system promotes the idea that the bottom of the door of a bus should be level with the floor of the bus shelter, so as to make it easier for people with disabilities to get on and off the bus
?3) There are some doors that make people confused as to whether they should be pushed or pulled, and such occasions can be designed as sliding doors
?4) The inflator used for blowing up balloons can be used as a means of compensating for the former. An inflator used to blow up balloons
?5) Desktop fans that can be rotated to blow people in different directions
13 Reverse
?1) Basketballs. When playing the ball uses the ground to bounce against it
?2) Elevators move and people don't move. Changes the stairs do not move people struggle to climb the stairs difficult.
?3) Handheld machine for installing screws, forward rotation is installation, reverse rotation is removal.
?4) A refrigerator uses the absorption of heat from the box to achieve cooling
?5) A booster used for racing in the games, which athletes use to increase acceleration by reacting against their feet.
14 Curved surfaces
?1) Roller coasters use the centripetal force generated by sharp curved movements to keep them from falling.
?2) The cups are designed to be cylindrical, which makes them more voluminous and easier to hold than other shapes.
?3) Wheels are used in round shapes
?4) The surface of the wheel is unevenly grained to increase friction
?5) Screws are screwed to the nut to increase bonding and stability
15 Dynamization
?1) Electric bells are used in schools, when it is time to dismiss the class or to start the class, a small hammer vibrates to strike the bell.
?2) The 100-meter race is captured by a trackside trail camera.
?3) The lights on the stage automatically rotate to change the position of illumination, producing different lighting effects.
?4) There is a tray underneath the computer monitor that allows the computer to be repositioned and oriented.
?5) A staircase becomes an elevator when it is automated
16 Functions not met or exceeded
?1) Although a washing machine cleans the clothes, the clothes are still wet and need to be dried in the sun
?2) A video camera doesn't shoot as well, and it needs to be processed on a computer or special equipment, for example, by placing the captured video in a film production software Processing.
?3) Boiling water with a hot water heater is useless if there is no one nearby, even though there is a reminder device when it boils.
?4) The buttons on the TV are inconvenient, so people invented the remote control.
?5) The maximum speed of a car exceeds the normal regulation of people in normal physiological and psychological situations, so people generally can not reach this speed when driving.
17 Dimensional changes
?1) Keyboard operations are performed on a horizontal plane, while the results appear on a display on a vertical plane.
?2) A periscope on a submarine
?3) A school double bed, bunked, distributed vertically. Generally double beds save space.
?4) Tilt-adjustable table
?5) Adjustable bookshelf with adjustable tiers.
18 Vibration
?1) The vibration of a cell phone
?2) A fat shaker that is now popular in the market for weight loss.
?3) Electric bells ring by the vibration of a small hammer striking the outer bell shell
?4) Electromagnetic **** vibration of medical equipment
?5) Screening machines used in mineral processing by vibrating the screen to remove unwanted things, leaving behind the ore.
19 Periodicity
? 1) The alarm on a cell phone will go off once a day at a fixed time (i.e. 24 hours later).
? 2) The telephone bell is periodic
? 3) The pendulum of a clock is periodic (albeit with a small margin of error)
? 4) Satellites orbit the earth for a certain amount of time, so they are also periodic.
? 5) The filling line for beverages fills a bottle at intervals, in order to ensure that the next bottle is in place in time.
20 Continuity of Effective Role
? 1) The elevator in a supermarket works in continuity to ensure timely evacuation and convenience for customers.
? (2) Beer drink production line city of continuous work to ensure the efficiency of the enterprise.
? 3) Solar water heater converts solar energy into electricity in heating water so that it can be used when there is no sun.
? 4) Wheels roll instead of other smooth movements and are used in cars or other equipment.
? 5) Alarms, when alarmed by a situation, are continuously ringing until people hear them.
21 Emergency Action
? 1) The rocket bursts out of the atmosphere at a high rate of speed.
? 2) When steaming steamed buns, the best way to open the lid of the pot after the buns are cooked is to quickly remove the lid to prevent burns.
? 3) Oxygen masks for airplanes in the airspace
? 4) Scalpels should be sharp to help the surgery be completed as quickly as possible and to minimize blood loss.
? 5) Fire firefighting to be rapid, reducing casualties and property damage
22 change harmful into favorable
? 1) Recycle and sterilize used beverage bottles and wine bottles for reuse to reduce waste and pollution.
? 2) Electrolysis of seawater to produce metal, resulting in chlorine recycling to make disinfectant.
? 3) Utilize the sea tide to generate electricity
? 4) Use cinders from thermal power plants in building supplies.
? 5) Use waste straw and dung to make biogas
23 Feedback
? 1) There are many examples of feedback in computers, such as a reminder when deleting a file whether to delete it or not
? 2) Cars have meters on the front of the car for speed, gas, etc., which are used to provide timely feedback of useful information.
? 3) Cell phones have better feedback than phones, with audible alerts and on-screen feedback.
? 4) A kettle makes an audible reminder when it boils water
? 5) The feedback system of the spaceship reports everything inside and outside the ship to the ground receiver.
24 Intermediates
? 1) Electricity travels through wires, and changing the materials and dimensions of the epileptic will help reduce the consumption of electricity.
? 2) A person can travel from one place to another with the help of automobiles, airplanes ......
? 3) Bullets are fired out with the help of pistols and hence the design of the pair of strong helps in increasing the accuracy of the shot.
? 4) Telephones enable the propagation of sound
? 5) Refrigerators are used to freeze food in order to protect it from spoiling.
25 Self-service
? 1) If a car is designed to be powered by solar energy, it makes the car power itself.
? 2) As the rocket rushes out of the atmosphere, it automatically disintegrates its shell back to the ground after each section of fuel is used up
? 3) Put a message system on the phone that can record useful information in the absence of the owner.
? 4) Self-supply of fresh water can be achieved on a submarine by making your own fresh water
? 5) The computer will detect itself and repair itself when it is turned on if it was illegally turned off the previous time.
26 Replication
? 1) Astronauts must train for a long time in a simulated capsule before their official departure.
? 2) The programs shown in movies and television are simulated replicas of the actual
? 3) Water is used instead of just used in the development of scalpels, sterilization is easy and convenient and reduces blood retention.
? 4) Using plastic instead of just or glass in construction and furniture
? 5) Using petroleum products instead of grain to make wine; using water instead of petroleum for automobile fuel
27 Low-cost, non-durable objects instead of expensive, durable ones
? 1) Plastic-coated cardboard instead of wood for furniture (use-and-discard products)
? 2) Use foam instead of iron or other materials to make lunch boxes
? 3) Use plastic as the material for face plate, tea pot and other household items
? 4) Use disposable plastic bottles instead of glass bottles to hold drinks
? 5) Disposable paper or plastic cups
28 Mechanical systems instead
? 1) Stairs that are made to move become elevators
? 2) Sensor street lights on roads that automatically turn on when it gets dark enough.
? 3) Children's magnet handwriting board
? 4) Printer toner cartridge
? 5) Self-beeping kettle that alerts people that water is boiling by chirping.
29 Pneumatic and hydraulic structure
? (1) SYY-A pneumatic-hydraulic PLC integrated control test bench, set pneumatic control technology, hydraulic transmission control technology to PLC programmable controller control technology in one of the ideal comprehensive experimental equipment.
? (2) Pneumatic industrial intelligent marking machine internal pneumatic hydraulic device
? 3) Pneumatic-hydraulic explosion-proof solenoid valve
? 4) Hydraulic pneumatic cylinder: start the motor, gear pump in the motor drive, the pump body of the two intermeshing gears for rotary motion, the suction chamber content of the increasing volume, the formation of a partial vacuum, resulting in the suction effect, the hydraulic oil in the tank and then under the action of atmospheric pressure from the suction chamber into the pump, with the rotation of the gears of the hydraulic oil gradually into the sealed pressure chamber, so that the pressure chamber is constantly shrinking the formation of the hydraulic pressure! The role of the hydraulic oil pressure out of the pump, the pressure out of the hydraulic oil through the pipeline into the reversing valve, manipulate the control lever so that the hydraulic oil directional flow, hydraulic oil along the direction of the distribution through the pipeline into the cylinder, the continuous flow of hydraulic oil into the cylinder so that the piston to withstand the enormous pressure to promote the actuator for straight-line movement.
? 5) The excavator arm adopts hydropneumatic device to realize the expansion and contraction freely.
30 Flexible shell and film
? 1) With plastic film used in greenhouses
? 2) Use plastic bottles or paper cups instead of glass to hold water or drinks
? 3) Racking turf on soccer fields
? 4) Amorphous silicon flexible thin-film solar cells, changing the shape of the previous solar cell object, due to its own flexibility, so that it can be lined with other flexible objects such as plastics, textiles, as well as rigid objects such as metal, buildings and other static or moving objects above.
? (5) Thin-film light-opening (light-touch, waterproof, etc.), used in cell phones, computers, and other smart products
31 Porous materials
? 1) Fiber
? 2) Wood
? 3) Honeycomb coal
? 4) Acoustic panels made of plant fibers are used to solve the problem of sound insulation in buildings to eliminate noise.
? 5) Resistive mufflers are mainly used to reduce noise by utilizing porous sound-absorbing materials for pistols.
32 Changing colors
? 1) There are special additives in glow sticks that emit bright light when the stick is bent.
? 2) Inside the cab there are many buttons that use different colors to remind people of different operations and how important they are. (e.g. red color means important and dangerous operation)
? (3) Life jackets are usually designed with bright colors or colors with fluorescent components to attract people's attention.
? 4) In hotels or restaurants, the use of green or other natural colors gives a sense of return to nature and improves people's dining environment.
? 5) Add special ingredients to the glass to make tinted special glass, so that people can see the outside from the inside but not see the inside from the outside. Increase privacy.
33 Homogeneity
? 1) Power sockets and plugs, metal conductors made of the same material on the inside, and again for safety, the same insulating material is used on the outside.
? 2) Computer screens often add a protective screen to protect your eyesight, in order to ensure that does not affect the viewing, using the same transparent material as the display, just add some internal elements and components to protect your eyesight.
? 3) Screws and nuts are made of steel to ensure durability and stability
? 4) Bicycle brake, in order to ensure the friction strength and not easy to wear, the use of brake materials similar to the wheel.
? (5) tables and chairs combination, in order to ensure the overall effect of the beautiful, generally using the same material, using the same process, with better.
34 Abandonment and repair
? 1) After the household chopping knife becomes blunt, it needs to be polished below
? 2) Plastic bottles can be recycled and sterilized for further use
? 3) The glass fragments will be recycled to make new glass for reuse
? 4) Disposable chopsticks are used to make paper
? 5) Destroy Dianchi after use or cause pollution
35 Parameter changes
? 1) By changing some characteristics and parts of a bicycle, it becomes a folding bicycle
? (2) magnesium salt whiskers as the main ingredient plus a small amount of glass fibers and resin slurry made of composite materials - glass fiber reinforced plastic, its performance is greatly strengthened, better than the general stability of plastics, high hardness, used to do disposable molding chairs and so on.
? (3) After the temperature is reduced to a certain state, the preservation time of things is greatly lengthened, and the original purpose of the refrigerator design is based on this.
? 4) A slight amount of chlorine is added to tap water to sterilize it, and when the amount of chlorine is increased it becomes a disinfectant.
? 5) Solid glue is more portable than liquid glue.
36 Change of state
? 1) Use of melting ice to absorb heat to freeze items
? 2) Getting a source of light with the help of candle burning process lei
? 3) Humidifiers use the evaporation of water to reduce the dryness of the room
? 4) Thermometers use the thermal expansion and contraction of mercury to achieve a thermometer
? 5) Shock absorbers use changes in the expansion and contraction of springs to achieve shock absorption
37 Thermal Expansion
? 1) A hot air balloon ascends to the sky by thermal expansion (a Kongming lantern also utilizes the principle of thermophoresis)
? (2) plastic water pipe connection, the first water pipe joint heated expansion, inserted into, and then cold shrinkage tight.
? 3) The use of thermal expansion will be flat ping pong ball back to its original shape
? 4) Fire sprinklers
? 5) Thermometers use the thermal expansion and contraction of mercury to achieve a thermometer
38 Accelerating Strong Oxidation
? 1) A strong oxidizing gun in steelmaking, which supplies pure oxygen to the coke, burns it fully, and raises the temperature of steelmaking.
? 2) The blower uses air flow to enhance the input of oxygen for fuller combustion
? 3）Multi-functional accelerated oxidizing propeller. Its tank is equipped with deoxidizer, temperature-controlled heater or steam heating, the lower conduit connected to the accelerator pump, the pump out of the conduit connected to the air suction, connected to the central conduit into the deoxidizer, the central outer conduit at the introduction of the upper part of the small conduit into the upper conduit under the drilling of small holes in the upper part of the steel chip blue, the middle of the outer conduit at the opening of the mouth of the steam and the mouth of the water intake. Suction of air connected to the air purifier, tank top opening, manhole, the bottom of the refinement of the grate, opening, the central manhole, the lower part of the sampling port, connected to the external internal water level meter, the water is heated by the lower part of the deoxidizer pumped into the central deoxidizer and the upper conduit downward scouring, constantly accelerating the cycle of the air with the air to achieve a combination of physicochemical propulsion and oxidation reaction.
? 4) Refining of diesel fuel. First, through the catalytic oxidation reaction will be extremely easy to oxidize in the diesel fuel containing S, N, O non-hydrocarbon compounds to accelerate the oxidation of insoluble substances removed.
? (5) biological contact oxidation method clean sewage microorganisms and other harmful elements, thus purifying sewage. It is characterized by the set up of filler in the pool, the bottom of the pool aeration of sewage oxygenation, and make the pool of sewage in the flow state, in order to ensure that the sewage and sewage filler full contact, to avoid the biological contact oxidation pool in the presence of sewage and filler contact is not equal to the defects.
39 Inert environment
? 1) The interior of the bulb is vacuumed to ensure that the tungsten filament is not oxidized.
? 2) Electrolysis of NaOH to produce sodium is done only in an inert environment
? 3) Among the methods of fish preservation are, vacuum packaging, packaging with deoxidizers, packaging filled with carbon dioxide and so on. These methods can effectively inhibit bacterial proliferation and prevent the oxidation of lipids.
? (4) neon glass tube filled with inert gas, made of metal at both ends of the lamp on the cathode and anode electrode with a certain voltage to achieve gas discharge.
? (5) High-pressure sodium lamp is a new type of light-emitting efficiency of the new electric light source, its efficiency can be as high as 100lm / w, which in the glass shell has a special glass made of discharge tubes, which are filled with an appropriate amount of sodium, mercury droplets and inert gases, to achieve high-pressure discharge in this environment.
40 Composite materials
? (1) There are many types of plastics, most of which are composite materials. For example, fiberglass reinforced plastics are used in the design of one-off molded chairs
? 2) Plywood for furniture (tables and chairs in classrooms)
? 3) Flooring, marble, and other building supplies are also many composites
? 4) Synthetic rubber (automobile wheels)
? 5) Honeycomb coal is also made from a mixture of coal, clay, etc.