Chinese medicine originated from the Han people and was developed by the Han people, and it is itself a part of the Han cultural system. The following is what I have collected and organized for you about the graduation thesis of Chinese medicine, welcome to read and refer to!
Chinese medicine professional thesis article 1An introduction to the understanding of Chinese medicine on heart failure
Heart failure, is a variety of causes of cardiac overload, myocardial damage and contractile force weakening caused by cardiac insufficiency (decompensated stage) a syndrome, is a variety of heart disease in the serious stage, its incidence of high incidence, is the world's increasingly serious health hazards of the main problem. Secondary schools have a long history of understanding the etiology and mechanism of this disease. In the treatment of this disease has also achieved better efficacy, our hospital in the past two years completed the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine municipal project "Chinese medicine Yi Xin Tang on heart failure patients plasma brain natriuretic peptide effect of clinical research," the results once again confirmed that the use of Chinese medicine theory to guide the clinical, the use of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of this disease to reduce the rate of re-hospitalization, the rate of death, and to improve the quality of life and other aspects have an important role.
1. Chinese medicine's understanding of heart failure
Heart failure belongs to the Chinese medicine? heart water? palpitations? asthma? and Edema. and edema. It is recorded in the Nei Jing (The Inner Classic) that When the heart is distended, the heart is troubled and short of breath, and the bed is restless. The heart is not in the right place. When the pulse is paralyzed, the heart will be inhabited by external evils. Heart paralysis, the pulse can not be blocked, annoyed by the heart under the drum, the upper gas and wheezing? The heart is not in a state of paralysis. Distension of the heart? And? Heart paralysis? can be categorized as heart failure in terms of their clinical manifestations. Zhang Zhongjing developed the idea of water as a disease in the Neijing and proposed the concept of "heart water". Heart water The name of this disease was introduced by Zhang Zhongjing. The Essentials of the Golden Chamber:? When the heart is flooded, the body is heavy and has little breath, cannot lie down, is vexed and agitated, and the person's yin is swollen? , describes the main symptoms of heart failure. Chinese Medicine Heart Failure The name of the disease was first mentioned in the Tang Dynasty in Sun Siqi's Bijie Qianjin Yaofang (备急千金要方). It is described in detail in the Song Dynasty's Shengji zongluo (General Records of the Holy Spirit). Heart Gate": "Heart failure leads to forgetfulness. Heart failure is characterized by forgetfulness, insufficiency is characterized by pain in the chest, abdomen, lower back and waist and back. Palpitations, trance, less color, tongue is strong? The following is a summary of the findings of the book: "Heart Failure". Heart Failure Although it is not a typical manifestation of heart failure, but there is a certain connection with heart failure.
2, Chinese medicine on the etiology of heart failure
Chinese medicine believes that the heart is the master of the blood, heart failure is a variety of etiological factors leading to this function is impaired and the occurrence of the disease. The etiology of heart failure is mainly due to the heart's self-disease or the disease of other organs affecting the heart, resulting in the deficiency of qi, blood, yin and yang, or the six external evils offending the heart, thus damaging the heart.
2.1 Heart qi deficiency as the basis of the disease
The main function of the heart is to promote the blood in the whole body meridians in order to moisten the body, the heart's function is mainly embodied in the ? The main function of the heart is to promote the blood to run in the meridians to moisturize the body. The main function of the heart is to promote the blood to run in the blood veins to moisturize the body. It is only when the heart qi is abundant that normal heart force, heart rate and heart rhythm can be maintained, and that the heart blood can be pulsed out so that the blood can run normally in the veins. As Renzhai Zhi Zhiqi Fang says: ? People are mainly gas, a breath is not transported, then the machine muted poor; a not renewed, then the orifices of the judgment? The bloodstream is also popular gas? Sheng is full, decline is false? It can be seen, if the heart gas is weak, promote the blood running powerless, there will be a peripheral loss of nourishment, and further make the heart function decline. The Internal Canon says? Taste too salty, big bone qi labor, short muscle heart qi suppression? The General Records of the Holy Spirit: ? The palpitations of vain labor, heart qi insufficiency, the heart under the stopping water also? , on the other hand, clearly pointed out the heart qi deficiency as the basic pathogenesis of heart failure. Deng Tietao [1] believes that: ? All five organs cause heart failure, not only the heart? Dysfunctions of the lungs, spleen, liver and kidneys can all affect the heart and heart failure occurs. Heart failure is mainly located in the heart, and often interacts with the lungs, spleen, kidneys and other organs.
2.2 Positive deficiency as the root, blood stasis as the symptom
The pathogenesis of heart failure is mostly due to the weakness of the heart qi, qi does not transport blood, the heart yin loss, manifested as qi and yin deficiency, heart blood is not smooth, and then qi and yang failure or yin damage and yang, and lead to? Yin and Yang deficiency, stagnation of the heart veins? which becomes the pathophysiologic basis of heart failure. In particular, the heart yang (gas) deficiency, heart drumming weakened, the operation of the main aspects of its pathological changes. Insufficient heart qi runs throughout heart failure and is an important factor in the deterioration of heart failure. Wang Qingren in the "medical forest correction" said: ? Since the vital energy is deficient, it cannot reach the blood vessels, and the blood vessels, without vital energy, will stay as stasis? Cardiac blood stasis will appear palpitation, chest tightness and chest pain, facial stasis, lip and nail bruising, tongue with petechiae or ecchymosis, and so on.
2.3 Water-qi overflow as the final result
"Su Wen? The Book of Reversed Tones" says: ? If a man is not allowed to lie down, and if he lies down, he wheezes, the guest of water qi is also? It is believed that in addition to the impassability of the blood vessels, heart failure is also related to the internal suspension of water qi. Another example is "three cause square? Edema" said: ? Shortness of breath, may not lie down, for the heart water? Heart qi deficiency and exhaustion, the inability to promote blood flow, blood flow stagnation, stasis and become water. It can be deduced from this: heart qi deficiency leads to blood stasis, and blood stasis in turn leads to water retention, which triggers a series of symptoms such as coughing and wheezing, edema, and palpitations.
Although there are more discussions on the pathogenesis of heart failure, but the understanding is consistent, that is, heart failure is intertwined with the standard **** with the existence. Among them, yang qi deficiency, water drink and blood stasis within the stop is throughout the course of heart failure in the most basic pathological mechanism. The etiology of heart failure can be summarized as follows: heart qi deficiency? Blood stasis? Water stagnation? Heart deficiency aggravated, and modern medicine heart failure neuroendocrine mechanism (cardiac insufficiency? Neuroendocrine activation? Ventricular remodeling? Cardiac insufficiency aggravation) are divided into different theoretical systems, but to a certain extent there are similarities and differences.
3, Chinese medicine treatment of heart failure research progress
3.1 identification of the treatment
identification of the treatment is the soul of Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine for the treatment of heart failure is the most important is the identification of the treatment, the identification of heart failure is based on the etiology of the pathology of the changes in the type of the disease, due to the main pathological mechanism of heart failure for the main deficiency of the real, so most of the modern medical practitioners are to The main pathological mechanism of heart failure is the deficiency, so most of the modern medical doctors take the deficiency as the outline, and the lesion involving the organs as the purpose, combined with the clinical practice of identification and typing.
3.2 Specialized treatments
Yang Jiwu [9] created the strong cardiac decoction, which covers the cardiac, diuretic, vasodilator, and inhibition of ventricular remodeling therapy advocated by modern medicine in the treatment of this disease. The formula consists of ginseng, astragalus, epiphyllum, danshen, zedoary, wugapi, chuanxiong and licorice. It is used to benefit qi and warm yang, strengthen the heart and diuretic, promote qi and blood circulation, eliminate blood stasis, and calm the spirit and heart. Wu Shida [10] et al. believed that the middle and late stages of heart failure were mostly characterized by yang deficiency and water flooding through traditional Chinese medicine, and the use of Wenyang Jianxin Oral Liquid in order to warm yang and benefit qi, promote diuresis and activate blood circulation had good near-term therapeutic efficacy. Li Qinghai [11] believes that the disease is mainly characterized by deficiency of qi and yin, and yang deficiency of the heart and kidney is mostly seen in the end stage of the disease; the actual water-drinking and blood stasis is mainly seen in the disease, and the treatment of this disease is to benefit qi and nourish yin and promote blood circulation and promote blood circulation and promote blood circulation as the basic rule, and the formula of Ginseng and Mai Ningshen Combination has been created. The combination of all the medicines *** play the function of benefiting qi and nourishing yin, activating blood and inducing diuresis. Benefiting qi and nourishing yin will result in sufficient qi and blood, which will be powerful, while activating blood circulation and inducing diuresis will result in dissipation of stasis, elimination of stagnant heat, and tranquility of the heart and mind. Based on years of clinical practice, we believe that heart failure is a symptomatic evidence of deficiency, with insufficient yang qi of the heart (deficiency) as the root cause and stagnation of water and blood as the target cause. Therefore, the treatment needs to treat both the symptoms and the root cause, on the basis of replenishing the deficiency, and at the same time promote water retention and eliminate swelling, activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis. Treatment should be based on warming yang and benefiting qi, activating blood stasis and resolving drinking. Self-designed benefit heart soup: astragalus, atractylodes macrocephala, poria, cinnamon sticks, roasted licorice, zejiao, zeolan, citrus aurantium, psyllium, angelica sinensis, peach kernel, southern Drabanemerosa hebecarpa, Codonopsis pilosula, and clinical observation of its effect on the left ventricular ejection fraction and plasma cerebral natriuretic peptide of the patients with heart failure is significantly superior to that in the control group.
3.3 Experimental study
Wang Zhentao et al [12] used a rat model of heart failure after myocardial infarction caused by left coronary artery ligation to observe the effects of different dosages of the same kind of blood-activating and qi-benefiting medicines on the coefficients of the heart and function of heart failure rats and found that blood-activating and qi-benefiting medicines could improve the coefficients of the heart and function of heart failure rats in the model of heart failure after myocardial infarction and that the application of a large number of blood-activating medicines in the prescription were all able to significantly improve the cardiac function of the rats with heart failure. It was found that the application of multiple blood-boosting drugs in the combination of the formula could improve the heart coefficient and function of rats with heart failure after myocardial infarction. Meanwhile, from the perspective of cardiac histomorphometry, it was proved that both blood-activating and qi-benefiting drugs had the effect of reversing ventricular remodeling. Zhao Yingqiang et al[13] used abdominal aortic narrowing to replicate the rat heart failure model, and used in situ apoptosis detection method and electron microscopy to observe cardiomyocyte apoptosis in the cardiotonic agent group and the control group, and the results showed that there was no apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in the normal control group, and apoptosis was obvious in the model group, and cardiotonic agent could improve apoptosis obviously, and its effect was comparable to that of captopril. Shen Yan et al[14] found that warm heart capsule can significantly increase the level of mRNA expression of inhibited matrix metalloproteinase tissue inhibitor in heart failure myocardium, strengthen the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase activity, prevent collagen degradation and matrix alteration, regulate extracellular matrix metabolism, and improve the ejection function of the failing heart. Wang Hongliang et al[15] concluded that Heart Fukang Oral Liquid can improve the expression of myocardial mitochondrial adenylate translocase 1 (ANT1) and myocardial mitochondrial adenylate translocase 2 (ANT2) in chronic stress-loaded heart failure, thereby inhibiting apoptosis, improving energy metabolism, and treating myocardial injury after heart failure.
The application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of chronic heart failure has made great progress in all aspects, both in basic theory and clinical application. Although many medical doctors have their own understanding of heart failure, in general, their understanding is similar, basically inclined to the basic deficiency, qi and yin deficiency, water and blood stasis mutual obstruction. It shows unique advantages in enhancing the efficacy, improving the symptoms, improving the quality of life, and avoiding the adverse effects.
References
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