Nozzle is a very wide range of spraying, spraying, oil spraying, sandblasting, spraying and other equipment is a very key component, plays an important role.
Nozzles in the industry is very wide range of applications, materials from stainless steel, plastic to silicon carbide, PTFE, PP (engineering plastics), aluminum alloys and tungsten steel, etc., the scope of application is generally commonly used in the automotive, electroplating, surface treatment, high-pressure cleaning, dust removal, cooling, desulfurization, humidification, mixing, gardening and other industries.
Accessories nozzle nozzle fittings include pipe threaded fittings, solenoid valves and liquid filter and pressure gauge fittings.
The main material of pipe thread fitting is stainless steel, and the thread connection can be divided into internal thread connection and external thread connection.
This kind of joint is mostly used for connecting the pipes of construction, water conservancy project and bridge building.
Solenoid valve is also a nozzle fitting with female threaded connection port.
The body of the solenoid valve is usually made of stainless steel and brass, and it has a special piston structure that is highly wear-resistant and does not produce any noise while working.
The material of seals is butyl rubber or fluorinated rubber, and the action of the valve can be divided into direct-acting, step-by-step direct-acting, and pilot-operated.
It has two-way type and two-position three-way type.
It is mainly used in air compressor, bottle blowing machine, fire safety, stage apparatus, food apparatus, cleaning equipment and other industries.
The liquid filter has a removable guide cup, which has various sizes of mesh.
Its most important feature is that when it needs to be cleaned, it is only necessary to take out the detachable cartridge, remove the impurities, and then re-install it, so it is extremely convenient to use and maintain.
Liquid filters are suitable for steam, air, water, oil and other systems in the pipeline, can be a variety of measuring instruments, pumps, valves and a variety of nozzle equipment to play a protective role.
The connector of the pressure gauge and the parts contacting the liquid are made of brass, which are mainly used for measuring the pressure of gas or liquid that is non-corrosive and non-sexual to copper and copper alloy and is not easy to crystallize and precipitate.
This type of meter requires vertical mounting and load stabilization.
Cooling efficiency nozzles have proven to be the most efficient for gases that need to be cooled quickly.
The cooling effect of nozzles has been studied in low-pressure systems, where control of the surface temperature can be achieved by controlling the boiling point of the fluid.
The cooling technique is influenced by many factors, among which the amount of pressure has a great influence on the cooling effect.
This cooling technology is attractive to the cryogenic heat industry.
This cooling technology is very practical for body temperature heat industries like electronics, avionics, lasers, optoelectronic control, and so on.
Classification of nozzles can be divided into two categories: First, burner nozzles (military, civilian) Second, non-burner nozzles according to the function of the nozzle nozzles can be broadly divided into: spray nozzles, oil injection burner nozzles, sandblasting nozzles, and special nozzles.
According to material classification, can be divided into: metal nozzles, plastic nozzles, ceramic nozzles, alloy nozzles.
By industry, can be divided into: petrochemical nozzles, agricultural nozzles, textile nozzles, paper nozzles, printing nozzles, environmental protection (desulfurization, denitrification, denitrogenation, dust removal, etc.) nozzles, spraying nozzles, iron and steel metallurgy nozzles, electronic nozzles, food nozzles.
By shape, it can be divided into hollow cone nozzle, solid cone nozzle, square nozzle, rectangular nozzle, oval nozzle, fan nozzle, column flow (DC) nozzle, two-fluid nozzle, multi-fluid nozzle and so on.
Special industry nozzles: fire nozzles, Texaco nozzles, granulation nozzles and so on.
In short, the nozzle application is very wide. In short, nozzles are used in a wide range of applications, almost in all areas.
1) Cleaning (also known as surface cleaning) a. Automobiles, motorcycles, household appliances and other pre-treatment chemical cleaning, automotive cleaning; b. High-pressure cleaning of bottles, cans and barrels, such as beer oil bottles, oil drums, large-size tanks and other internal surfaces; c. Circuit boards outside the surface chemical cleaning.
2) spraying (also known as painting) a. Metal parts surface phosphating, passivation, degreasing, etc.; b. Spray paint, which can be divided into mechanical or air atomization-based, electrostatic atomization as a complementary combination of ways for metal, non-metallic equipment, furniture, fortunately, such as decoration; c. Tablet coatings, inkjet printing, spray printing.
3) Cooling a. Cooling towers, such as power plants, recycled water, ground gas turbine intake cooling (using water film or other coolants) and other cooling towers; b. Conveyor belt cooling.
4) Fire protection a. Storage tanks; b. Drilling rigs, etc.
5)Humidification a. Humidification of plants and storage rooms; b. Humidification of textile workshops and printing presses to prevent static electricity generation.
6)Dusting a. Garbage sweeper ground pressure dust, sprinkler (basically with a narrow angle fan nozzle); b. Remove dust from the cupola; c. Coal mines, factories, dust (can also be used in large spray).
7) Lubrication a. Gears, bearings, steel cable lubrication; b. Spray mold release agent; c. Lubrication of die on large forging press; d. Lubrication of conveyor belts or conveyor chains; 8) Gas conditioning a. Scrubbing paint booth air conditioning; b. S02 removal, N02 control; c. Scrubbing gases such as deoxidizing.
9) Powder (agent, end) a. Chemical, food, medicine, ceramics and other powdered products using spray drying equipment; b. Powder metallurgy in the metal, alloy and metal compounds in the powder.
10)Agriculture and garden such as agriculture, forestry crops spray pesticides and fertilizers, nurseries and garden spray irrigation.
11)Daily life such as showers, hairdressing spray hair gel and mousse, a variety of occasions, pest control, elimination of material spraying.
12)High-pressure cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning, defoaming, cooling and quenching, water cooling, scrubbers, fire prevention, other surface cleaning processes.
Characteristics of the nozzle below to the spraying process with the nozzle to illustrate the various characteristics of the nozzle: As the nozzle is designed to work in a variety of different spray conditions, and therefore the selection of the nozzle suitable for the needs of the nozzle in order to achieve the best spray performance in use.
The characteristics of the nozzle is mainly reflected in the type of spray nozzle, that is, the shape of the liquid leaving the nozzle mouth and its operational performance.
Nozzle naming a spray shape is distinguished as fan, cone, liquid column flow (i.e., jet), air atomization, flat nozzle, which is divided into hollow cone conical nozzle and solid cone two categories; and Venturi nozzle (i.e., mixing and stirring nozzles), a strong cold (hot) air blowing nozzles as well as special nozzles (such as gardening nozzles, tank washing nozzles, pipe cleaning nozzles, etc. series) the name of the nozzle is Reflects the operational performance of the nozzle.
Selection due to the nozzle is designed to work in a variety of different spray conditions, and therefore the selection of nozzles suitable for the needs of the nozzle in order to achieve the best spray performance in use.
The characteristics of the nozzle are mainly reflected in the nozzle spray type, that is, the shape of the liquid when it leaves the nozzle mouth and its operational performance.
Nozzle naming a spray shape is distinguished as fan, cone, liquid column flow (i.e., jet), air atomization, flat nozzle, which is divided into hollow cone conical nozzle and solid cone two categories; and Venturi nozzle (i.e., mixing and stirring nozzles), a strong cold (hot) air blowing nozzles as well as special nozzles (such as gardening nozzles, tank washing nozzles, pipe cleaning nozzles, etc. series) the name of the nozzle is Reflects the operational performance of the nozzle.
Selection of nozzle factors are flow, pressure, spray angle, coverage, impact, temperature, material, application, etc., and these factors are often interlinked, mutual constraints.
Flow and pressure, spray angle and coverage are proportional to the relationship.
The purpose of any nozzle is to maintain continuous contact between the liquid and the workpiece, and flow is a more important factor than pressure.
The temperature of the liquid does not affect the spray performance of the nozzle, but it does affect the viscosity and specific gravity, as well as the choice of material.
Nozzle material selection nozzle material should also be based on the chemical characteristics of the tank fluid to determine: 1, for non-corrosive tank fluid can be based on the difficulty of the bronze casting or die-casting of plastics; 2, in order to prevent corrosion, non-metallic materials can be used; 3, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and other highly corrosive tank fluid, can be used in nylon plastics; 4, used for phosphating the tank fluid nozzle material is generally used in the acid stainless steel; 5, to prevent corrosion of the nozzles can also be used to prevent Rust nozzle can also be directly selected stainless steel or nylon material.
Nozzle selection method with a certain impact of the nozzle should be selected with a small angle nozzle to the liquid column flow (i.e., jet) is the best; fan-shaped nozzle for cleaning, degreasing, cooling, etc., conical nozzles are suitable for rinsing, surface, phosphating, humidification, dust removal, etc.; in the storage of paint cylinders, tanks should be installed in a Venturi mixing nozzle.
The "H" type that is stirring nozzle (also known as Venturi nozzle), for example, the tank liquid by a certain pressure and lead to the mouth of the liquid is sucked in **** with 1:4 flow rate mixing and diffusion, to achieve the effect of solute mixing and stirring without air to prevent the precipitation, because of the churning ensures that the chemical solution is uniformly mixed; degreasing and washing process nozzles, you can choose to use a stronger type of nozzles with a strong impact: To "V" type that is the fan nozzle, for example, its angle to 60 ° for the best, with a greater impact force; phosphating process nozzle can be used to atomize the good, fine and uniform water particles, the impact of the weaker centrifugal nozzle: "Z" type that is, for example, conical nozzles, the optimal distance of its nozzles from the workpiece for the 40cm ~ 50cm, with the dispersion of the liquid atomization of the spraying effect. Arrangement in accordance with the outer dimensions of the workpiece composed of a ring-shaped pipeline installed in a certain arrangement of a number of nozzles, the workpiece surrounded by the workpiece through the spray area, all surfaces can be sprayed by the tank liquid wash, the entire spray area should be uniformly arranged nozzles in order to ensure that the spray wash process time and effect.
The distance between the nozzle and the workpiece should be within the best diffusion range of the jet, the nozzle and the nozzle arrangement should be reasonable.
The distance between the nozzle and the nozzle is 250mm ~ 300mm, cross-layout, the distance between the nozzle and the workpiece is preferably not less than 250mm.
Impregnation type pre-treatment mixing device from the pump to the pipeline to the mixing nozzles, which constitutes a complete tank liquid system.
The stirring nozzle applies the Venturi principle, the tank liquid enters the pipeline under a certain pressure, and forms a high-speed jet through the nozzle of the stirring nozzle, and generates a low-pressure area around the nozzle to form a siphon phenomenon, and the tank liquid is sucked into the stirring nozzle under the action of the pressure difference, so that a large amount of liquid can be circulated.
The distance of the stirring nozzle from the bottom of the tank is 25mm～75mm, and the distance from the workpiece is 200mm～380mm, and the angle of the nozzle should be determined according to the size of the workpiece.
When the width of the workpiece is small, the nozzle can be designed vertically upward, when the workpiece is large, the nozzle can be designed with the vertical surface of 35 ° ~ 45 °; when the workpiece width is large, in order to improve the mixing effect, the nozzle can be designed vertically downward, but this case will stir up the sediment, so it is only applicable to the mixing of the tank liquid without sediment.
Quality check nozzles need to be serviced, regularly inspected, cleaned and even replaced in order to ensure the quality of the final product and to keep the production process economically efficient.
The manner and frequency of the maintenance program depends on the application.
Maintenance programs can be scheduled based on application, fluid and nozzle material.
There are seven common causes of spray problems affecting nozzles: a) Corrosion and wear: Gradual enlargement or deformation of the material on the surface of the nozzle orifice and internal flow path, which in turn affects flow rate, pressure and spray shape.
b) corrosion: chemical action of the spray liquid or the environment caused by corrosion damage to the nozzle material.
c)Obstruction: dirt or other impurities in the liquid blocked the mouth of the nozzle, and thus the flow of the nozzle and interference with the shape of the spray and its uniformity.
d) adhesion: caused by liquid evaporation on the inside or outside of the edge of the nozzle mouth splash, mist or chemical buildup, can leave a layer of dry solidified layer, blocking the mouth of the nozzle or the inner flow channel.
e) Temperature damage: overheating can have a damaging effect on nozzle materials designed for non-high-temperature applications.
f)Incorrect installation: Off-center washers, over tightening or other positional changes can have an adverse effect.
g)Accidental damage: During installation and cleaning, damage to the nozzle can be caused accidentally by the use of incorrect tools.
Application areas
1, vehicles, container companies: clip nozzles, etc. (1) spraying line on the pre-treatment, de-phosphorization, de-oiling and de-rusting; (2) the rain line, mainly to detect whether the sealing of the product is good. 2, paper mills (1) defoamer nozzles, coated with foam in the pulp, using hollow cone nozzles, spiral nozzles; (2) coated nozzles, that is, the surface coating of the paper, with the In the coating machine, atomizing nozzles; (3) cut the edge of the paper with the water needle nozzle, that is, the needle nozzle, the requirements of high pressure conditions, to be inlaid with ceramics or high alloy; (4) cleaning mesh cage burlap nozzles, generally with needle nozzles and fan nozzles, self-cleaning nozzles; (5) pulling the slurry nozzles, the use of the narrow-angle nozzles: 3, textile industry: the atomization of the nozzles are more (1) humidification of the factory, especially in the textile factory high dust level of humidification conditions, cotton spinning machine, the textile industry: atomizing nozzle Conditions of humidification, cotton spinning, weaving, woolen, towels; (2) in the woolen yarn with a kind of turpentine oil, to prevent the woolen yarn dry yarn breakage; 4, electronic (1) large electronic plant humidification and cooling of large spaces, with the atomization of the shape of the nozzle; (2) the cleaning of the electronic board nozzle, fan-shaped, wide-angle, quick-release nozzles; (3) the circuit board molding rosin nozzles after the application of the rosin sprayed rosin to the circuit board to play a role in protection (4) circuit boards are useful to steel nozzle; 5, pharmaceutical factories: atomization nozzle more (1) granulation nozzle, (2) coating nozzle, that is, the drug surface of the sugar coating; 6, food industry: (1) the cleaning of squash; (2) fruits, vegetables and other cleaning, such as strawberries, cleaning and dehairing; (3) purification workshop, there is an air shower room, the use of windshower nozzles; 7, heat and power plants (1) high-flow nozzle types, such as Silicon carbide nozzles, spiral nozzles, used for desulfurization and dust removal; (2) used in the cooling system in front of the boiler; 8, garbage disposal (1) with atomized nozzles, spraying a spice on the garbage, out of the odor; (2) with a solid cone and other nozzles to reduce the dust; 9, radiators: because there is a spraying treatment is used in the clamping nozzle; 10, steel pipe mills: titanium wide-angle and multi-component coating nozzles; (1) used in the steel pipe mills High pressure descaling nozzle; (2) coating nozzle inside and outside the steel pipe; 11, pressure vessel plant, used to solid cone nozzle.
12, winery (1) beer, wine and other beauty machine on the beauty nozzle, fog nozzle (2) cleaning bottles and cans of multi-nozzle or rotary nozzle; 13, petroleum, chemical industry (1) for bottles and cans of the cleaning nozzle, multi-head or rotary nozzle; (2) bottles and cans of the cooling nozzle; (3) in order to make the chemical substances for the full reflection of the nozzle composed of an outer shell and the core of the composition of the nozzle 14, Cooling tower: with a large flow of nozzles, such as clip nozzles, spiral nozzles, etc.; 15, drying equipment: spraying or atomizing drying equipment on the use of air atomization nozzle or metal micro-fine atomization nozzle.
16, wood drying: the use of nozzles to prevent dry cracks in the wood only; 17, dust, smoke, exhaust gas treatment; (1) used in wet hair dust collector or equipment; (2) used in some enterprises to purify the waste smoke and exhaust gas, generally used in high-flow nozzles; 18, lubrication: (1) lubrication of the gears; (2) spraying of plastic spraying equipment on the spraying of the mold release agent; (3) lubrication of the steel cable; (4) Large forging press on the die lubrication; 19, glass factory (1) cleaning molded glass or glass fiber reinforced plastic; (2) cooling 20, boiler: disinfection with fan nozzles; 21, cigarette factory: (1) cigarette factory large space humidification and dust reduction; (2) used in air atomization nozzles, spraying aroma; (3) cigarette factory to a large number of filters; 22, coal mines, cement industry: (1) dust removal, dust removal of the cement plant, coal mine Mine dust removal (2) coal washing, coal beneficiation with a narrow angle nozzle; 23, car wash equipment: automatic car wash equipment to be used on the small angle, high-pressure fan nozzle; 24, feed machinery: with a metal solid cone nozzle or hollow cone nozzle, there are atomizing nozzles for cleaning and granulation; 25, ultrasonic cleaner: with a fan of stainless steel nozzles; 26, the outdoor recreation industry, the product is an outdoor recreation shed, with a atomizing nozzle Humidification of outdoor air and flowers and trees, model: plastic fine atomizing nozzle; 27, the chemical industry: chemical powder drying equipment, there are used for cold feet cold footer belt cold feet; 28, miniature bearings industry: used for the bearing surface of the automatic spraying of antirust oil; 29, the steel industry, the specifics of the application of the nozzle: (1) steel rolling mill: hot rolling mill all the finishing unit, the import and export of rolls need to be adequately cooled, the general Entrance to two groups of fan-shaped nozzles, the exit of three groups of fan-shaped nozzles (2) continuous casting machine: general nozzle material for stainless steel or copper, the shape of the fan or a solid cone (3) steelmaking furnace smoke through the general selection of 2 inch -3 inch spiral nozzle, both dust and can play a role in desulphurization; structure of the nozzle structure of the different will lead to different efficiencies and nozzle service life, the reasonable structure of the nozzle so that the abrasive material to obtain a high speed, thus Improve efficiency, reduce costs of the necessary conditions, from the introduction of the nozzle to a long period of time after the use of cylindrical nozzle structure, so far, developed at home and abroad in a variety of forms of nozzle structure, the fuel nozzle is equipped with a solenoid coil, the core and the core associated with the integration of the needle valve.
Commonly used types of nozzle structure and features shown in the following table 1, cylindrical straight hole nozzle structure, it both spray and nozzle two functions, simple structure, can be directly replaced by seamless steel pipe, can also be obtained by drilling holes in the material, but the life of the nozzle is shorter, and is more often used for sand blasting treatment requirements are not high occasions 2, conical nozzle structure Figure 2 for the conical nozzle structure schematic diagram, the nozzle structure with a The conical inlet and play a role in collecting the role of the flat section, the abrasive into the nozzle is relatively easy, and the distribution of abrasive in the nozzle cross-section and cylindrical nozzle compared to a more uniform 3, Venturi nozzle structure Figure 3 for the Venturi nozzle structure schematic diagram, which is structured as follows: a Vinzelike throat, nozzle outlet for the micro-conical cross-section, the exit of the diameter is slightly larger, the airflow in the throat part of the speed of sound, and the outlet in the nozzle Outlet can reach more than 355m / s supersonic (general cylindrical straight hole nozzle abrasive outlet speed is low, only 97m / s or so), this nozzle is mainly used to obtain a very high abrasive speed, it is more than ordinary nozzle cleaning efficiency increased by 15% -25%, in order to prevent the nozzle from wearing out too quickly, the nozzle liner can be made of tungsten carbide or ceramic materials, in order to prevent clogging, the diameter of the nozzle should be selected for the Abrasive particle size of 3-4 times 4, special nozzle Figure 4 for the double outlet special sand blasting nozzle, complex structure, generally used in special occasions, such as pipeline wall sand blasting treatment 5, combined nozzle structure in the nozzle inlet, outlet and the middle part of the design of the material with different properties, in a mechanically combined way will be the various parts of the material into the nozzle, as shown in Figure 5, the combination of the nozzle in the nozzle inlet, outlet part of the design to the High hardness is mainly ceramic or other wear-resistant materials, the nozzle can be designed to high toughness is mainly metal or other materials, combined nozzle to meet the nozzle inlet, outlet and the middle part of the different requirements of the performance of the anti-erosion and wear to a certain extent to improve the nozzle's anti-erosion and wear capabilities, but compared with the overall structure of the nozzle, the need for two or more materials, and increased assembly and other related processes atomization Nozzle spiral nozzle ceramic nozzle fog nozzle plastic nozzle metal nozzle