Abstract: Introduces the circular economy and its significance to tourism, analyzes the current situation of tourism in Shanxi and its problems
Problems, and puts forward countermeasures for sustainable development of tourism development in Shanxi Province.
Keywords: circular economy; tourism; sustainable development; Shanxi Province, tourism activities have become an indispensable part of people's modern life, in the development of tourism
Early in the development of the tourism industry, tourism has been known as the "smokeless industry". Along with the rapid
development of tourism around the world, tourism resources in many places have been developed in an uncontrolled and unplanned manner, causing significant
impacts on the environment. The circular economy advocates the use of natural resources in an environmentally friendly way to realize the
ecologization of economic activities, and to change the traditional mode of tourism development, which is "heavy on development, light on protection, heavy on operation, light on management", which
is consistent with the development of the tourism industry based on tourism resources. It is of great practical significance for Shanxi, which is rich in tourism resources
and fragile environment.
1 Theory of Circular Economy
1.1 Connotation and Principles of Circular Economy
Circular economy is a kind of eco-economy, a kind of economic development model that "promotes the coordination and harmony between human beings and the nature", which applies the principles of ecology to guide the economic activities of the human society. It applies the principles of ecology to guide the economic activities of human society, and views resources in economic activities as a system of continuous recycling, so that the negative impact of economic activities on the natural environment
is reduced to the limit. It utilizes materials
and energy according to the process of resources-products-renewable resources, and realizes low extraction, high utilization, and low emission of energy utilization, which is a mode of
harmonious development with the environment.
The circular economy follows the 3R principle in the process of implementation: Firstly, Reduce, which is aimed at the input side of the system, and aims to reduce the amount of material flow
into the production and consumption process, curb the linear growth of resource consumption, and conserve the use of resources and reduce the emission of pollutants
from the source. The second is Reuse, a principle aimed at the process of the system, which aims to improve the utilization efficiency of
products and services and reduce the amount of pollution caused by disposable goods; the third is Recycle, a principle aimed at the output side of the system, which requires that the goods become renewable resources after completing the use of their functions, be recycled, and be added to the new production cycle. utilized and added to a new production cycle. The implementation of the 3R principle through the development of a circular
economy will surely make it possible to achieve the desired
targets with smaller consumption of natural resources and pollution emissions, and gradually establish a conservation-oriented society with a high level of social well-being, which will ensure the harmony between the economy and the environment, and realize sustainable economic and social development, and ultimately, the ecological environment will also be sustainable development with the society
. development.
The concrete realization of the circular economy is reflected in the three important levels of economic activities, respectively, through the
application of the 3R principle to realize the closed-loop flow of materials in the three levels. These 3 levels are the enterprise level
level (small cycle), i.e., through the implementation of clean production, reducing the amount of materials and energy used
in production and services, and realizing the minimization of waste emissions; the regional level (medium cycle), through the integration of materials,
energy and information among enterprises, forming metabolism***sheng relations among enterprises, and the establishment of ecological parks; and the social level
level. level
(Great Cycle), i.e., through the recycling of waste, realizing the cycle of matter and energy after the consumption process
.
1.2 Significance of Circular Economy for Tourism Industry
Today, countries all over the world regard the development of circular economy and the establishment of a recycling-oriented society as an important way to implement the strategy of sustainable
development and a way to realize it. The theoretical idea of circular economy is very suitable for the practical attributes and development requirements of tourism
, therefore, it is of great significance to actively and effectively develop the circular economy within the tourism industry
.
Tourism resources belong to the natural and social resources used by mankind***, and their development and utilization should be guided by the idea of sustainable development, incorporating the principle of circular economy to systematically and comprehensively
develop and protect the tourism resources and integrate them with sustainable consumption of tourism, and the development of the tourism circular
economy can improve the ecological environment, increase the utilization rate of resources, and improve the quality and efficiency of the tourism industry, as well as improve the quality of the tourism industry. The development of tourism circular economy can improve the ecological environment, increase the utilization rate of resources, advocate green tourism and green consumption, enhance the technological content of products, promote the harmony between man and nature, maximize benefits and build intra-generational, inter-generational and inter-regional fair development, and ultimately realize the sustainable development of tourism (see Figure 1). The development of tourism in Shanxi Province should also be guided by the concept of circular economy, the development and protection of tourism resources
to achieve social, economic and environmental "win-win-win".
2 Current Situation and Existing Problems of Tourism in Shanxi Province
2.1 Overview of Tourism in Shanxi Province
Shanxi Province, located in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, is one of the main birthplaces of the Chinese nation, and is the province with the richest tourism resources in China
. Thousands of years of history to this yellow land has left a rich cultural
accumulation and historical heritage, Shanxi Province, there are 271 national key cultural relics protection units, accounting for 11.5% of the
country, ranked first. The natural scenery is also beautiful, with 5
national scenic spots and 18 national forest parks in the province.
"Ancient civilization of China, good scenery in Shanxi" is a high degree of generalization of tourism in Shanxi, tourism resources are deep
rich. However, the tourism industry of Shanxi lags behind the whole country. after the 1990s, compared with the provinces,
cities, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, no matter from the number of overseas tourists or from the foreign exchange income from tourism
look, the tourism industry of the province are hovering between 25th and 27th, and is on a downward trend. 1999
Shanxi Tourism Revenue 6.64 billion yuan, ranked 23rd in the country, the tourism revenue. In 1999,
Shanxi's tourism revenue was 6.64 billion yuan, ranking 23rd in China; the province received 137,785 overseas tourists, ranking 28th; the province's foreign exchange earnings of 42.5683 million U.S. dollars, ranking 21st. From
Table 1 also shows that our province is also behind in the international tourism income of the six central provinces. Therefore, in the vigorous development of tourism
tourism today, Shanxi should combine its own situation, to the concept of circular economy as a guide, in the
development at the same time to take the road of sustainable development.2.2.1 Tourism circular economy awareness is not strong
In the development of tourism, the traditional mode of economic development is still dominant. In the traditional economy
In the traditional economy
People develop resources and energy with high intensity, and in the process of production and consumption and pollution and waste
Discharged into the environment, the use of resources is often sloppy and disposable. For example, part of the hot tourist areas, water pollution, air quality decline, local ecological environment has been damaged, tourism resources
damaged.
2.2.2 Tourism development and development process is unreasonable
Tourism development, development process because of its resource orientation is relatively strong, people only focus on the development and utilization of existing
resources, deforestation to build hotels, inns, temples and man-made landscapes. Lack of ecological awareness
knowledge, in the destruction of the environment at the same time, the destruction of the overall beauty of the tourist environment and cultural relics of the landscape of the original cultural
chemical connotation. In the process of tourism development only focus on short-term economic benefits, irrational planning, blind construction
Establishment, so that some of the humanities landscape repeated construction, both the destruction of the environment and caused a waste of resources. Such as the
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms" author Luo Guanzhong's place of origin investigation is not known, so that the Shanxi Province in Qingxu and other places to build
Multiple "City of the Three Kingdoms" and other tourist tourist tourist buildings, a waste of resources can be seen.
2.2.3 Neglect of the limited capacity of the tourist environment
Modern tourism strong commercial flavor and crowded flow of passengers, on the mountains and rivers, forests, folklore and so on
destroyed the annual several "Golden Week" to make the main tourist attractions overwhelmed, most of the scenic spots in order to increase
Increase economic income are not strictly controlled, and the majority of the tourist attractions in order to increase
The "Three Kingdoms", the "Three Kingdoms City" and other tourist buildings.
In order to increase economic income, most scenic spots do not strictly control the number of tourists, resulting in over-utilization of resources.
The ancient city of Pingyao, a world cultural heritage site, has seen an alarming increase in the number of tourists in recent years
and has been in a state of oversaturation in every Golden Week forecast. 2004
The fourth Pingyao International Photography Festival was just concluded in late September.
The fourth Pingyao International Photography Festival ended in late September 2004, and then the 11th Golden Week was held. Driven by economic interests, the authorities not only failed to maintain the walls of the ancient city, but also failed to limit the number of tourists, which was purely a sloppy and predatory operation.
2.2.4 Low level of tourism development
The tourism industry within the "food, housing, travel, tourism, shopping, entertainment" six industries as the core, and Shanxi Province every
Golden Week, often appearing more tourists and services, facilities can not keep up. Food, live in the two products directly affect
The development of the tourism industry.
At the end of 2002, the country has 8880 star-rated hotels, 175 five-star hotels, four-star hotels
store 635, three-star below 8070, mainly in Guangdong, Zhejiang, Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu
and other places. And Shanxi's star-rated hotels **** 220, accounting for only 2% of the country; five-star for the blank; four
star 16, accounting for 3% of the country; three-star below 204, accounting for 3% of the country. Compared with Guangdong Province
Dongguan City, each town has a five-star hotel. This shows that the development of tourism in Shanxi Province is
low, and the number of star-rated hotels in Shanxi Province and some other provinces at the end of 2002 is shown in Table 2.
The development of tourism in Shanxi Province is low, and there is still the situation of "attractions can't keep customers, and tourists can't spend money".
The number of domestic tourist arrivals in Shanxi Province ranked the second highest in the country in terms of the number of tourist arrivals in 2002. In 2002, Shanxi ranked 16th in the country in terms of domestic tourist arrivals, but 22nd in terms of domestic tourism revenue. Tourists in Shanxi, the average number of days and people increased consumption is not only lower than Beijing, Shanghai and other
tourism developed provinces and cities, but also with the neighboring provinces there is a big gap. The main reason is that Shanxi tourism
tourism development is mostly limited to the primary development of tourism resources itself, the cultural value of tourism resources,
commercial value of the excavation is not enough; tourism products are single, mostly relying on the humanities attractions of the traditional sightseeing tours,
eco-tourism, recreational and vacation tourism, exhibition tourism, and other new tourism varieties are lagging behind in the development of the tourism industry
The driving effect is not as strong as it should be, but it is also a very important factor.
The driving role of tourism has not been given full play.3 Application of Circular Economy Concept in Shanxi Tourism Development
3.1 Social Level
Social level (the Great Circulation), i.e., through the regeneration and utilization of wastes, to complete the cycle of material and energy after the consumption process.
This is the first time for the tourism industry to develop the concept of circular economy in Shanxi tourism development.
Requires the government to guide, operators and the public *** with the participation of the promotion of tourism circular economy concept
realization. Strengthen the legal system to promote the development of tourism resources in an orderly manner, is the development of tourism circular economy
an important prerequisite. At present, there is an urgent need to accelerate the development of the necessary circular economy on the basis of departmental regulations
Regulations, through the regulations on the circular economy to guide and regulate, and resolutely put an end to the short-term behavior and the phenomenon of short-term success
profit. The National People's Congress passed the Cleaner Production Promotion Law on June 29, 2002
and implemented it from January 1, 2003 onwards. This is from the law to promote the development of China's circular economy
good start, but it is not enough, should also speed up the pace, the formation of China's legal framework for the development of the circular economy
system, only in this way to ensure that the circular economy in practice, and not just stay in the concept of
above.
3.2 Regional Level
The regional level (medium cycle), i.e., through the integration of material, energy and information among enterprises, forms the metabolism **** birth relationship among enterprises.
The development of circular tourism at the regional level is to establish a relatively complete production and consumption
circular system, guided by the 3R principle, and to form
an industrial chain with related industries in a certain regional scope to realize the **** enjoyment of resources in order to improve the utilization rate.
A local tourism industry is tightly linked to the tourism industry of the region in which it is located, a
Blossom, a loss. Shanxi tourism to break the regional boundaries, dilute administrative boundaries, strengthen the county and
county, city and city, province and province between the connection and through the tourist routes, strengthen regional cooperation,
planning, step by step for the source of passengers to each other. And the cities, counties and tourist bureaus should be from the development of large tourism angle
degree of thought, to prevent duplication of construction in close proximity, and indeed to do resources **** enjoy and source **** enjoy.
At the same time, but also to give play to the resource advantages of each region, through the regional joint approach to the region's
production, consumption, waste disposal and regional management of the unified organization of the recycling network system. To prevent
prevention of pollution and improve the utilization rate as a starting point, characterized by material circulation flow, to achieve the goal of Shanxi tourism
sustainable development, to minimize the emission of pollutants.
3.3 Enterprise level
Enterprise level (small cycle), i.e., through the implementation of cleaner production, reduce the amount of materials
and energy used in production and services, and achieve the minimization of waste emissions.
The hotel operators and tourists are required to regulate themselves with the theory of circular economy. For example, in the tourism enterprises
industry to implement protective development, ecotourism, material recycling, clean production, green consumption, reduce
the destruction of resources, reduce the consumption of products and services material and energy, the unit of tourism products and tourism
tourism services of the consumption of various and pollution emissions are limited to the standard permitted range, so that the tourism enterprises
The internal resource synthesis and recycling.
In the management of enterprises, the tourism industry takes the six industries of "food, accommodation, transportation, tourism, shopping and entertainment" as the core, combines the ecological industry chain with each other, and forms the industrial clusters, which can reflect the concept of circular economy through the upgrading of tourism products, the adjustment of the industrial structure, and the extension and coupling of the industry chain. By upgrading the tourism products, adjusting the industrial structure, extending the industrial chain, and coupling to reflect the
"3R" principle of circular economy (see Figure 2).4 Conclusion
Tourism is known as a "smokeless industry" in the early stage of its development, but it is not pollution-free. Shanxi is a province with a special environment, how to solve the deterioration trend and make better use of tourism resources is
an urgent problem to be solved, and taking the road of sustainable development under the guidance of circular economy is a good
way, which is of great significance to the development of tourism in Shanxi.
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