1. construction works
Construction works include:
①A variety of houses (such as factories, warehouses, dormitories, etc.) and buildings (such as chimneys, water towers, bridges, etc.) project;
②Equipment foundations, pillars, benches, ladders and other construction works, iron furnaces, coke ovens, and other special masonry and metal structure works;
③A variety of pipelines, transmission lines and conductors works (included in the part of the budget). p>
③ all kinds of pipelines, transmission lines and conductor works (included in the construction budget part);
④ for the construction of the field, the demolition of the original buildings and obstacles, land leveling, design provisions for the construction of the engineering geological exploration and other work;
⑤ mine excavation works;
⑥ water conservancy projects;
⑦ air defense, underground construction, etc.
2. installation project
Installation project is the short form of equipment installation project, including the following:
① a variety of equipment needs to be installed in the assembly, device engineering;
② and equipment connected to the workbench, ladders and other installation projects;
③ attached to the installation of equipment pipeline laying work;
④ equipment installed Insulation, anti-corrosion, heat preservation, painting and other work;
⑤ In order to determine the quality of the installation work, a variety of test run on a single piece of equipment. It should be noted that: in the installation project investment, should not include the value of the installed equipment itself and the equipment of the basic engineering investment.
Construction and installation works, according to its different ways of construction, can be divided into two kinds of contracted works and self-employed works.
Characteristics of construction and installation works
1. wide range of large, throughout the urban and rural
In the countryside, with the development of agriculture and the rise of township and village enterprises, small-scale industrial buildings as well as civil buildings are being built. In the city, the rise of all walks of life, just in terms of residential construction, the first sporadic construction, followed by pieces of demolition and construction, often to a number of ten thousand square meters. The annual construction volume of residential buildings in the country is about 100 million square meters. The booming construction industry, attracting a large number of rural surplus labor force, the quality of construction enterprises to improve the quality of the whole staff, has become a pressing problem.
2. Long construction cycle, more open-air work
Since the urban land constraints, the construction of housing more space development, even multi-storey buildings, from the preparation to put into use, generally across the year. Affected by seasonal changes, rainy season and winter construction, need to take appropriate technical measures to ensure the quality of the project.
3. Quality accidents are hidden, lagging
Civil construction, especially reinforced concrete construction, for various reasons, quality accidents are exposed only after a period of time, making it difficult to deal with accidents. Light repair, heavy rework, will cause losses, serious to affect the service life of the project.
4. Large volume of work, complex technology
Large industrial buildings, public **** building and high-rise buildings, are constantly using new structural systems and new equipment, new technologies, new techniques, new materials, large volume of work, complex construction technology, high precision requirements. For example, the construction of high-rise buildings in the downtown area, the higher the building, the deeper the foundation, the more difficult to gleam, not only to ensure the quality of the project, but also to take effective measures to ensure that adjacent buildings and the city's underground pipeline network is not damaged.
5. The production process is complex, and there are many types of work