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In case of a traffic accident, we should seize the "golden time" of rescue and do a good job of stopping bleeding first, dressing later, fixing first and handling later. In the absence of tourniquet, the plump part of the proximal muscle of the affected limb can be wrapped and fixed with gauze or clean clothes to avoid further rupture of nerve and blood vessels. If it is a fracture, it can be taken from local materials and fixed with boards and battens, and special attention should be paid to protecting the wounded when handling. For example, a wounded person with a waist injury cannot walk on his back. Try to send the wounded to the hospital in the shortest time. Alcoholism Alcoholism patients are paralyzed in the central nervous system, unable to control their own behavior, and severe respiratory failure will occur. Once family members find someone seriously drunk, they should be sent to the hospital immediately. If the drunken person is in a coma, his family members should help him lie flat with his head to the left, his head low and his feet high to ensure smooth airway. Stomach perforation 1, don't roll over your stomach, lie on the bed on the left. The reason is that most of the perforation sites are located on the right side of the stomach. Lying to the left side can effectively prevent gastric acid and food from further flowing to the abdominal cavity and aggravate the condition. 2. If the medical staff can't arrive in time, but there are some simple medical equipment at the scene, the patient can insert the gastric tube himself. Specific methods: insert the stomach tube into the nostril to the throat, breathe hard and swallow, and swallow the stomach tube into the stomach. Then use a syringe to pump out the contents of the stomach, which can reduce the degree of infection in the abdominal cavity and win the treatment time for patients. Please remember that the patient must also lie on his side at this time. There is no need to panic when you faint in the shower. Just leave the bathroom at once, lie down and drink a cup of hot water, and you will gradually return to normal. If it is heavy, you should also relax and rest, take a supine position, and it is best to put books and clothes on your legs that you can get around. After a little better, you should open the window for ventilation, wipe your body from face to toes with a cold towel, then put on clothes and lean your head against the window, and you will recover. An accident occurred during eating 1. Normal people have a protective cough reflex in their throats. When a foreign body touches the vicinity of the tracheal opening, people will cough up the foreign body by coughing in order to prevent the foreign body from being sucked into the trachea and causing tracheal obstruction. However, when drinking a lot, the throat is under anesthesia, and the cough reflex cannot function normally or disappear. At this time, if vomiting occurs, the food residue left in the mouth is easily inhaled into the trachea by mistake, causing acute asphyxia. Therefore, in order to prevent drunken people from inhaling by mistake, they should be placed in a lateral position with their heads tilted to one side, so that the food residues spit out of their mouths can flow out of their mouths. 2. For drunken people who are suspected of suffocation, people around them should first open the patient's mouth and try to take out the food residue in the mouth; If the tongue falls out, the root of the tongue should be pulled out at once. While carrying out the above rescue measures, you should call an ambulance or send it to the nearest hospital in time. When boiling, most of the symptoms are mild and the injured skin area is small. If a clean cotton wool is dipped in chloramphenicol eye drops and wiped gently immediately, it will soon heal without pain. When the scald area is large, it can be washed with cold water. If it is a large area burn and the skin is red and swollen, use ice cubes as soon as possible and go to the hospital for treatment. When the wound is swollen, remove the watch, bracelet, ring, etc. Cover it with a clean and moist dressing and gently fix the bandage, being careful not to tighten it too tightly. Vomiting induced by food poisoning If the eating time is before 1~2 hours, the method of inducing vomiting can be adopted. Take 20 grams of salt immediately, add 200 ml of boiling water, and drink it once after cooling. If it doesn't work, you can drink it several times to induce vomiting quickly. You can also use fresh ginger100g, mash it to get juice, and take it with 200ml warm water. If the patient has eaten contaminated food for more than 2 ~ 3 hours, but his spirit is still good, he can take laxatives to urge the contaminated food to be excreted as soon as possible. Generally, 30 grams of rhubarb is decocted once, and 20 grams of sodium sulfate can be taken by elderly patients with boiling water. Older people with good health can also use senna 15g, decoct once or take it with boiling water to achieve the purpose of relaxing bowels. Detoxification If food poisoning is caused by eating spoiled fish, shrimp, crabs, etc. Take vinegar 100 ml, add 200 ml of water, and take it once after dilution. In addition, perilla 30g and licorice 10g can be decocted once. If you eat spoiled preservatives or drinks by mistake, the best first aid is to take them with fresh milk or other drinks containing protein. If the symptoms are still not improved or the poisoning is serious after the above first aid, you should be sent to the hospital as soon as possible. In the process of treatment, we should give patients good care, try to make them quiet and avoid mental tension; Patients should pay attention to rest, prevent colds, and supplement enough light salt boiled water at the same time. The first is to prevent the spread and absorption of venom. After being bitten by a poisonous snake, don't panic and run around, which will promote the rapid spread of venom throughout the body. The injured person should immediately sit down or lie down, call for help by himself or others, and quickly tie the proximal end of the wound with ropes such as shoelaces and belts that can be found. If your finger is bitten, you can prick your finger root; Bites on the palm or forearm can bind the elbow joint; Biting toes can bind toe roots; Bites of feet or calves can be bound under the knee joint; Bite marks on the thigh can bind the root of the thigh. The purpose of ligation is only to block the venom from flowing back into the heart through veins and lymph, and not to interfere with the supply of arterial blood. Different from the purpose of hemostasis, the ligation need not be too tight, and its tightness should be controlled to slightly weaken the arterial pulsation of the ligated lower limb. Released every 30 minutes after binding, each time 1-2 minutes, so as not to affect blood circulation and cause tissue necrosis.