Artificial insemination (AI) is a non-coital method of placing sperm into the female reproductive tract so that the sperm can unite with the egg to achieve pregnancy. As early as in the 18th century, London, England, the implementation of the first human artificial insemination; 19th century, the United States, Philadelphia, the implementation of the first human sperm (non-husband semen) artificial insemination. In fact, artificial insemination has long been widely used in animal husbandry, while in humans it cannot be abused for many reasons such as psychology, social morality and law.
Under a microscope, researchers artificially inject a sperm into an egg cell Artificial insemination can generally be divided into two main categories: one is artificial insemination between spouses, and the other is artificial insemination between non-spouses; for artificial insemination between spouses, it is mainly suitable for those cases in which the male partner's semen routine is normal but there are disorders such as impeded sexual intercourse, impeded operation of sperms, and mild abnormalities of semen examination. As for the artificial insemination of non-spouses, the basic requirement is that the male partner is diagnosed to be completely infertile, while the female partner is examined to have clear fallopian tubes, good ovulation and normal fertility. Of course, for the man with hereditary diseases or with adverse genetic factors, such as mental illness, family idiocy and other diseases, as well as close relatives who are not suitable for childbearing can also be used to non-spousal artificial insemination.
Generally speaking, before the collection of semen, the requirement of abstinence for five to seven days, and the semen will be sterilized, frozen and preserved. Generally speaking, the artificial insemination day is chosen on the day of ovulation, but it is difficult to find a very accurate day of ovulation, in order to make the insemination successful, it can be predicted that the day of ovulation 3 days before the implementation of artificial insemination every other day, until the success of the time.
After artificial insemination, there may be vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, infection, etc., which need to be carefully protected. As of now, the success rate after artificial insemination is generally 30% to 40%, but it may vary somewhat due to different hospital conditions, technology, equipment and environment. According to observation and statistics, the success rate of artificial insemination between non-spouses is higher than the rate of artificial insemination between spouses.
China's work in this area is relatively late, in order to solve the fertility problems of individual infertile couples, since the 1980s, Hunan, Qingdao and other places to establish a human sperm bank, the implementation of artificial insemination, and made some achievements, Shanghai has also carried out work in this area. Artificial insemination, at present in China is still in the accumulation of experience in the study.