Her father is William Edward Nightingale (1794- 1875) and her mother is Francis Fanny Nightingale Smith (1789- 1880). William Nightingale was born in William Edward Shore. His mother Mary Ne Evans is the niece of Peter Nightingale I, and her father (Nightingale's grandfather) is the abolitionist will smith.
She has been taking care of the poor. 1844 12, a poor man died in a factory hospital in London, which caused public criticism of the hospital. At this time, nightingale became an advocate to promote the hospital to improve the medical environment.
Florence nightingale was born into a noble and wealthy family. Her father William Edward was a knowledgeable and well-educated man and a statistician. Mother Fanny Smith was also born in an aristocratic family in England. She is not only well-off, but also has a good generation and is famous in her hometown. Nightingale's father graduated from Cambridge University. He is familiar with mathematics, English, French, German and Italian. Besides classical literature, he is also good at natural science, history and philosophy, and is good at music and painting. Nightingale was educated at home since she was a child. Her mother is very dissatisfied with her because she has no plans to get married. She wavered between being a housewife, a writer and a nurse, and finally chose to be a nurse despite her parents' opposition. Her father gives her 500 pounds a year (now about100000 RMB) to make her live a comfortable life after work.
When nightingale was young, she lived a very superior upper-class life, being served at any time, living in dances and salons, and dealing with nobles. Although it seems to be an enviable life on the surface, Nightingale has always felt very empty inside and felt that her life is meaningless. It was not until she made up her mind to choose a nurse whose duty in life is to serve others that she strongly felt the full meaning of life. Legend has it that Nightingale once heard God speak to her and wanted her to be a nurse, so she chose this path.
From 65438 to 1950s, Britain, France, Turkey and Russia fought the Crimean War, and the battlefield mortality rate of British soldiers was as high as 42%. Nightingale volunteered to be a field nurse. She led 38 nurses to the front line and served in a field hospital. She tried her best to eliminate all kinds of difficulties, solve the necessary daily necessities and food for the wounded, and give them serious care. Only half a year or so, the death rate of the wounded and sick dropped to 2%. Every night, she patrols with lanterns, and the sick and wounded affectionately call her "Miss Lantern". After the war, Florence Nightingale returned to England and was hailed as a national hero.
1860, nightingale founded the first formal nursing school in the world with more than 4000 pounds awarded by the government. Later, she founded a training class for midwives and nurses in poor hospitals, and was praised as the founder of modern nursing education. 190 1 year, florence nightingale became blind due to overwork. 1907, Florence Nightingale was awarded the Medal of Merit by the King of England, becoming the first woman in British history to accept this highest honor, and then initiated the organization of the International Red Cross. 1908 March 16, Florence Nightingale was awarded the London City Freedom Award. Nightingale never married, 19 10 August 13. Nightingale died suddenly in her sleep at the age of 90.
Throughout her life, throughout the Victorian era, she made superhuman contributions to the creation of nursing career. She devoted all her life to the reform and development of nursing and achieved brilliant achievements that attracted worldwide attention. All these make her an outstanding and great woman admired and praised by the world in the19th century.
After nightingale died, according to her will, there was no state funeral. Later generations praised her as "the angel of the wounded", "the lady with the lantern" and "the angel with the lantern". Angels in white, lesson 3 in the textbook of Beijing Normal University 12, and Goddess of Lantern, lesson 4, lesson 6 in the textbook of Xi Shi Normal University 12, tell her story.
In the history of China and foreign countries, there are not many figures, especially female figures, who can overcome all difficulties and establish special achievements with persistent beliefs. Florence nightingale, the originator of modern nursing and the founder of modern nursing specialty, is the most representative great woman.
In order to commemorate her achievements, in 19 12, the International Association of Nurses (ICN) proposed that hospitals and nursing schools all over the world hold commemorative activities on Nightingale's birthday on May 12 every year, and designated May 12 as the International Nurses' Day to remember and commemorate this great woman.
Edit the last few words of this quotation.
"After I die, please bury me beside my parents. Please remember, don't hold any lively funeral. Only two people are needed for the funeral. Do you know? "
1. Being a nurse is because of God's call, because people are the most precious, and it is a sacred job to take care of people and make them recover.
2. Nurses must be compassionate and willing to work.
3, life should be safe, when there are five things: first, clean air; Second, clarify drinking water; Sanxigou; Four sweeping houses; 5. Plenty of sunshine.
4. Make excuses, okay? I owe my success to: I never make excuses and never accept them. [ 1]
Edit this story with kindness and give up wealth.
William's father and Fanny's mother are of noble blood. In England, they have two homes: Ewing Villa and Empoli Garden. Every summer, the scorching sun, their whole family like migratory birds, non-stop to the "secluded villa" for the summer; For the rest of the year, they live in Emporay Garden. In spring and autumn, the whole family went to visit relatives and friends in nearby London, and they were very busy. Little Florence spent her childhood in a paradise.
Strangely, however, her excitement is often not on her friends. She likes riding a pony and chatting and playing with cats, dogs and birds around her. She is happy to take care of them. Once, a little tit died. She wrapped the bird in a handkerchief, buried it under a pine tree in the garden and set up a small tombstone with an epitaph on it.
Poor little tits/Why did you die/What a beautiful crown on your head//But now/you are lying there/ignoring me/ignoring me.
She has been a loner since she was a child, not as naughty as ordinary children. She is stubborn and sentimental, and seems to be too precocious. She grew up alone in the noise.
Empely Garden is thriving, but outside it is bleak. From 65438 to 0842, Britain's economy was abnormal.
In the article, hungry people filled every corner. Florence wrote in her notes: At any time, I can't let go of those who suffer in my heart. ...
1843 July is the hot season. When the Nightingale family went to Ewing Villa for the summer again, she ignored her family's opposition and helped the poor around her. She is not afraid of being dirty and suffering, and spends more and more time in the patient's hut. Because many patients are short of clothes and food, she often forces her mother to give her some medicine, food, sheets, bedding, clothes and so on. She uses these things to help the poor solve their urgent needs. Florence didn't want to give up halfway when she wanted to return to Emporay Garden. She wants to stay here. However, it is ridiculous for mother to think that the daughter of a noble family should do something else and waste time caring for those poor people. Father and sister are also on the mother's side. Florence is isolated.
In the British concept at that time, it was very dirty and dangerous to deal with all kinds of patients. People always avoid talking about the words "hospital" and "nursing" because they are terrible and humiliating things. Due to the backward medical level, declining national strength and frequent wars, hospitals in Britain after 1844 are almost synonymous with misfortune, depravity, sloppiness and chaos. Due to the lack of necessary management, it sometimes looks like an insane asylum. In Florence's view, the most unacceptable thing is not the terrible medical conditions mentioned above, but the poor reputation and low quality of "nurses" in hospitals.
1845 In August, Florence went to Manchester with her father to visit her sick grandmother. Because grandma was seriously ill, bedridden and lacked care, she always stayed with her to take care of her. Soon, grandma's health improved greatly. Later, the old nurse, Mrs. Gail, fell ill again. Florence hurried home again to take good care of Mrs. Gail, who was terminally ill. Florence waited until the old man died and didn't leave.
In the autumn of this year, a plague was prevalent in the countryside near Emporay Garden. Florence, together with the local pastor, took an active part in nursing patients. She has proved herself again and again, and her belief in life is more firm. At that time, people thought that nursing was simple and did not need training. Even Florence herself once thought that as long as she had patience and compassion, she could help patients relieve their pain, which was the whole of nursing work. One day, she saw a woman die painfully in front of her-the patient took the wrong medicine. "She must die unsatisfied, and those caregivers' poisoned' her!" The idea greatly stimulated her. From then on, she knew that nursing was an important knowledge. In order to realize her dream, she has no choice but to learn this knowledge.
A few miles from Empoli Garden, there is a clinic. The attending physician, Mr. Fuller, is very famous. It is said that he graduated from Oxford University and is an old friend of the Nightingale family. So Florence intends to persuade her parents to give her a period of time and allow her to study in this clinic. It happened that Fuller and his wife were invited to be guests in Emporay Garden, and she proposed to worship Fuller as a teacher in front of her parents.
Unexpectedly, a storm broke out. Father is gone; Mother was mad and said that she couldn't stand this strange idea any longer; Even my sister screamed hysterically, saying that she must be "possessed"-this is not only beneath the nobility, but also brings germs into the house and kills the whole family.
The Fullers are embarrassed. In order to appease the nightingale, they had to "throw cold water on Florence" and persuade her to give up the idea.
Under great mental pressure, she gritted her teeth and wouldn't give in. She began to secretly study the hospital report and the blue book issued by the government. She also wrote privately to foreign experts (such as Prussian Ambassador Benson and his wife) and asked them all kinds of questions. And from time to time, I also want investigation reports about hospitals in Paris and Berlin. She studies for at least an hour every morning. As soon as the breakfast bell rings, she will quickly pack up her books, go downstairs and grab something to eat, and act like a clever girl, trying not to mention her inner thoughts. Mother put her in charge of the storage room, pantry and wardrobe, and she dared not neglect it. She hoped that her mother would change her mind. She wrote to her friend Miss Clark and said, "I have to do a lot of housework. Those clothes, glasses and China are all buried under my chin. They are simply boring. I can't help asking myself:' Is this life? Is this what a rational person, a person who is willing to make a difference, wants to do every day? "
She also received an olive branch of love. At a banquet, she met Richard, a young philanthropist (who proposed to separate juvenile offenders from adult offenders in order to receive more reasonable and humane discipline). Richard fell in love with her at first sight, and they talked about poetry and painting together, and their feelings were happy. When Florence was lonely and helpless, Richard's countless stationery gave her great spiritual comfort. She once called Richard "the person I admire". However, when he proposed, she thought for a long time, but refused him. She wrote to Richard that I was destined to be a vagrant. For my mission, I'd rather not get married, socialize and get money.
Florence once expressed her attitude of pursuing celibacy in a letter and talked about her views on marriage: "The general prejudice is that, in the final analysis, one must get married, which is the inevitable destination. However, I finally feel that marriage is not the only one. A person can make himself feel full and satisfied and find more fun from her career. " Since then, she has rejected all suitors.
At Florence's request, Sir Benson gave her a book: Caesar Woz's Yearbook of Christian Charity Women. The book introduces Caesar Woz's advanced concept and related situation in nursing.
After reading it carefully, she was overjoyed. As a charity medical institution, Caesar Woz has been her dream place for many years. There, all the conditions are relatively complete, and she can get proper training. At the same time, the religious atmosphere and rules and regulations there also have a "shield" to ensure that the reputation of nurses is not accused by public opinion.
However, she dared not rashly ask her parents to go directly to Kaiserworth, but took advantage of the opportunity to recuperate after illness to come to Frankfurt first, where the nursing career is also in the forefront of all countries. She learned a lot of useful things in the clinic. Two weeks later, when she left, she felt that she was qualified to be a qualified nurse.
Her parents and sister trembled with anger when they learned that she was a nursing "thief" and was still studying medicine in private. They banded together to punish her and told her to "think behind closed doors" and not to go out.
She had a cold war with her family for several years. Time flies. 185 1 On June 8th, Florence wrote in her notes with unprecedented firmness: "I must know that if I just wait and wait, the opportunity will slip away in vain. From them, all I get is more and more conflicts. I obviously don't get sympathy and support. Should I just sit back and wait? Absolutely not! I must fight for everything I depend on. I have to do my own thing. My life experience and my real happiness depend on my efforts, and they will never give me anything. " This time, she really did "what she said must be done, and what she did must be fruitful." First of all, she went to Caesar Woz on the pretext of going out to play; After studying there for two weeks, I decided to go to Frankfurt again in order to get a more systematic study. She calmly announced her decision to her family. Her father was still calm, but her mother and sister panicked and tried to block it. This time, Florence didn't flinch at all. The three of them had a big fight. Seeing that the dissuasion was ineffective, my father was angry and took his dog out of the house with a shotgun. After he left, they quarreled even more. Mother even tried to slap her in the face, but she dodged deftly.
Florence bravely left home the next day. I came to the shelter of Reverend Sidwell Flidner, where there is a hospital, a nursery, an orphanage and a school for training female teachers.
Florence lives in a small room in an orphanage. She works in an orphanage.
And Frankfurt Women's Hospital. She learned to do all the work, refused to fall behind at all, and even took part in surgical care. It's hard for her. After all, in those days, for a noble woman, it was completely indecent. She knows this, but she doesn't care.
During this period, she wrote several letters to her family, introducing her situation and eager to get back together with her family. On her 32nd birthday, she thanked her family for their blessings and wrote a letter to her father Wayne. It says:
"Although my age is really not small, I will stick to my mission even more. Actually, I'm very happy, because I'm free at last. My unfortunate adolescence has passed, and I don't miss it very much. It will never come back, and I am happy about it, because it means that I will be reborn. "
Dignified and generous, aiming high.
/kloc-one day in 0/837, the nightingale thought she heard the voice of God and asked her to complete a task. Since childhood, she has often taken care of patients and disabled people in nearby villages, and taken care of her relatives to alleviate the suffering of patients. Her parents opposed her becoming a nurse, thinking that it would damage her family honor. But feudal consciousness and social influence never made her lose confidence in nursing work.
When she was young, Nightingale became interested in nursing work because she often helped her father's old friend (a doctor) take care of patients. She visited hospitals and charities in Germany, France, Greece and other places to enrich her experience and strengthen her determination to engage in nursing work. She taught herself nursing knowledge and actively participated in the discussion of social welfare, children's education and improving hospital facilities by the Medical Association.
Because of her rich family, Nightingale's childhood was extremely rich. The people they associate with are also celebrities, including politicians, literary writers, artists and some local gentlemen at that time. This enabled her to fully enjoy the comfortable life of the Victorian era. But in nightingale's mind, she is not happy in the face of this pampered life. she
Shy, shy, unwilling to meet strangers, often have a sense of loneliness. At the age of twelve, she studied Greek, Latin, French, German, Italian, history, mathematics and philosophy with her father. Under the guidance of her father, Nightingale made great progress in her studies. She often reads aloud and speaks loudly with her father. When her father went on a long trip, she exchanged feelings through letters. 1837 The whole family traveled to the European continent, and parents took their daughters to gain knowledge all over Europe. At this time, nightingale was seventeen years old and had become a beautiful lady. The whole family spent a year and a half traveling all over France, Italy and Switzerland, enjoying the lakes, mountains, scenic spots and historical sites along the way, and inspecting the social conditions in various places. Nightingale developed the habit of taking notes and diaries from an early age. What she saw and heard was recorded and became important information for her future school management. She met some famous people in France and interacted with famous women engaged in social activities. She is very interested in politics and people, especially in charity. Since she was a teenager, she believed in this self-belief of serving mankind and her firm will to help the world and do good.
After traveling in continental Europe, she found the nursing situation in hospitals extremely bad, and felt that Britain also needed nuns like Paul Tzu Chi Hospital in Saint Vincent to take care of patients. Nursing began to sprout in her heart, and she wanted to be a nurse! At that time, the image of British nurses was: a rough and aging woman, ignorant and unable to perform medical tasks. Nightingale chose this job, which is incredible for her mother!
1839, the whole family returned to England. At this time, nightingale has become dignified and generous, and often meets celebrities at home, attracting the attention and appreciation of the world. She especially likes to make friends with social workers and people from all walks of life who are engaged in innovative work. One of the famous doctors worked in Lonsbury, which inspired her to study in a hospital.
At that time, most of the wards in the hospital were a large unified room, and the beds were closely connected and very crowded. There are blood and stains on the walls and floors, and the stench is unbearable for people who come in. This bad situation is everywhere, almost the same. Once, an American doctor named Samuel Howe visited her home, and Nightingale asked for his advice on becoming a nurse. Dr. Howe praised her idea and encouraged her to make unremitting efforts, but it was difficult to get the approval of her parents. During this period, in order to cater to parents' wishes, Nightingale devoted herself to learning and absorbing new knowledge about health. At the same time, I participated in some social activities under the arrangement of my parents and met two very close boyfriends. One is her cousin Henry Nicholson; The other is Charlie Mains. But their proposal was rejected by nightingale. She decided to be single! What a great decision it was at that time. She is determined to devote herself to nursing! In her diary, she described the mood at that time in detail, and every word was touching. Maines
Later, he became a member of parliament and supported nightingale's career all his life. /kloc-at the beginning of 0/848, she met Sidious Highbert in Rome. He was handsome and elegant, and he was an English gentleman. Herbert and nightingale hit it off at first sight and maintained a noble friendship all their lives. Later, he was elected as the operation minister, and gave strong support to Nightingale's career.
1849 10, she traveled to Egypt with her friends again and traveled across the ocean to Greece; In April the following year, I arrived in Athens. Everywhere nightingale went, she visited charities, such as nursing homes, orphanages and related medical aid institutions. 1850 may 12, which happened to be her thirtieth birthday. She wrote this birthday speech in her notebook: I am thirty years old today, which is the age when Jesus Christ began to devote himself to preaching. There should be no more childish behavior from now on. There should be no more thoughts of love and marriage. Just let me think according to God's will and do according to his arrangement. She feels that it is God's responsibility to devote herself to nursing!
Run a nursing home and volunteer to save people.
In her day, no one of status was a nurse. Nurses are often ignorant, rude, alcoholic and untrained women. She took advantage of the opportunity to go to Europe to learn about nursing work in various places. Finally, she chose Kaiserworth Hospital, which she knew, and attended a four-month short-term training course in this hospital, 185 1, and finally realized her dream of studying as a nurse. During her study, she personally realized that nursing work must pay many efforts in order to relieve the pain and give spiritual comfort to patients. From 65438 to 0844, she set out from England and began to travel on the European continent, covering France, Germany, Belgium, Italy and other countries and visiting hospitals in various countries. 1850, regardless of her family's opposition, she resolutely went to Caesavis, Germany for nursing training. Her intelligence was discovered, and she was hired by 1853 as the director of the London Women's Patient Care Association.
Nightingale's ambition finally touched her father and promised to support her with 500 pounds a year. And on August 1853, 12, with the support of charity Committee, Nightingale set up a nursing home in London 1 and began to display her ambition. She took many measures, which surprised people at that time. If the patient is asked to ring the bell and a winch is set in the kitchen to deliver food to the patient, she emphasizes that "any woman, regardless of her faith or wealth, can accommodate her illness …" She shows extraordinary ability in her work and everyone listens to her.
1854 In August, cholera broke out in the slums on the outskirts of London. Nightingale volunteered to take part in emergency rescue work regardless of her personal safety. She took care of dying patients in the hospital and ran around all day. Many people died in her arms. Mrs. Kaskell admired nightingale's righteous act because she personally experienced and felt nightingale's dedication. She described it this way: "She is tall, thin and slim; A short, thick brown hair; A fair complexion; Gray eyes are shining with melancholy and depression, but sometimes they show happy waves, which is really unforgettable; Her teeth are beautiful and neat, and she smiles sweetly. Her head is covered with a long soft hair towel, which is tied up along the hair corner to make her white oval face more beautiful. She often wears a robe made of black silk and a black shawl, which gives people an elegant feeling. Generous impression. "
Lantern goddess, never look back.
From 65438 to 0853, the Crimean War broke out between Turkey, Britain, France and Russia. 1March 854, Britain and France formally declared war on Russia to help Turkey. In September, the British and French allied forces landed in Crimea. In the report sent back from the front, there are many complaints about the wounded being left unattended. The report said that French wounded soldiers were taken care of by nuns, while Russian wounded soldiers were taken care of by nun sympathy group. Why are there no nuns in Britain to take care of the wounded soldiers? And the medical conditions of the British army are very poor. The death rate of the wounded is as high as 42%.
When these facts were disclosed by the media, they caused an uproar in China. Upon hearing the news, Nightingale immediately wrote a letter to Hebert, the wife of the then Minister of Operations, expressing her willingness to lead 40 nurses to the battlefield at her own expense. It was a very difficult challenge for a 35-year-old woman at that time. At that time, female nurses called "sisters" appeared in advanced European countries, but due to religious and social prejudice, Britain has always opposed the emergence of female nurses in hospitals, especially field hospitals. 10 10/5, Minister Hebert agreed to her request and wrote back to Nightingale, inviting her to lead a group of nurses to Scutari, appointed by the government and given financial support. Nightingale readily agreed, and five days later, the government promulgated her as the head of the female nurse group of the British General Hospital in Turkey. The nurses' corps consists of 38 members, of whom 14 are professional nurses selected by hospitals, and the other 24 are selected by religious organizations. 101October 2 1 day, they dressed up and left in a hurry. 1/kloc-0 arrived in Scutari on April 4th, and immediately got into the busy work.
Initially, based on traditional knowledge and jealousy, doctors advocated that they were not allowed to step into the ward without the doctor's instructions. Rejected for four consecutive days. Faced with this situation, nightingale first set about improving the diet of the wounded soldiers, changing dirty clothes and cleaning together. She deeply felt that a perfect hospital must have adequate water supply and good drainage system. Three months later, she cleaned 10 thousand shirts. In order to accommodate 800 new patients, she made emergency repairs to the ward at her own expense. Nightingale's active service spirit finally resolved the hostility of the military doctors and won the love and trust of the wounded. She put all her heart into nursing work day and night, and gradually put the hospital on the right track. Her office naturally became the center of radiation warmth and love. The former site of the British hospital was originally a military camp in Turkey. The building is simple and the equipment is extremely scarce. The whole hospital is dirty and messy. As it is scheduled to accommodate 2500 injured people, all corridors are set as wards. These corridors are all four miles long. The hospital beds are crowded, the sanitary facilities are extremely poor, the ventilation is particularly poor, the stench is overflowing, the sludge is everywhere in rainy days, the wind and sand attack in sunny days, and there are groups of rats everywhere, and the environment is extremely bad. Each patient can only get 500 ml of water every day. Due to the lack of beds, many patients sleep on the floor and there are not enough quilts. Some are replaced by canvas, and many wounded soldiers prefer not to use it. Fuel has been lacking, and the food supply is even less satisfactory. General drugs are extremely scarce. Under such harsh conditions, a large number of wounded soldiers were infected with dysentery and cholera.