Mission astronauts
Fei Junlong, commander
Nie Haisheng, operator
This is the first time that the two astronauts have flown on a space mission. Nie Haisheng celebrated his 41st lunar birthday Oct. 13 in space.
Reserve astronauts
First echelon: Liu Boming, Jing Haipeng
Second echelon: Zhai Zhigang, Wu Jie
Heads of sub-systems
Chief commander of the astronaut system, chief designer: Chen Shanguang
Chief commander of the spaceship application system, chief designer: Gu Yidong
Chief commander of the spaceship system: Shang Zhi. Chief Designer: Zhang Bannan
Commander-in-Chief of Rocket System: Liu Yu, Chief Designer: Liu Zhusheng
Commander-in-Chief of Launching Site System: Zhang Yulin, Chief Designer: Lu Jinrong
Commander-in-Chief of Measurement, Control, and Communication System: Dong Deyi, Chief Designer: Yu Zhijian
Commander-in-Chief of Landing Site System: Sui Qisheng, Chief Designer: Hou Ying
Timeline
The following times use Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
Oct. 11
22:15-22:17 Astronauts enter the spacecraft
22:53 Shenzhou 6 return capsule hatch closes
Oct. 12
00:27 Rocket tower operating bracket opens fully
01:00:00 LM-2 F rocket ignition
01:00:03.583 Shenzhou VI launch
01:02:03 (120th second after ignition) Rocket abandons escape tower
01:02:19 (136th second after ignition) Rocket booster separation
01:02:42 (159th second after ignition) Rocket first and second stages separate, first stage Rocket falls
01:03:23 (200 seconds after ignition) Fairing detached at an altitude of 110 kilometers
01:09:43 (583 seconds after ignition) Spaceship and rocket separated successfully at an altitude of about 200 kilometers
01:09:52 Shenzhou VI enters the scheduled orbit
07:56 Shenzhou VI spacecraft Orbit change
Oct 13
02:10 Astronauts conduct on-orbit anti-jamming test
18:21 Sea conditions deteriorate in the area where Farwatch 1, Farwatch 2 and Farwatch 3 are situated
21:56 Shenzhou 6 performs its first orbital maintenance after orbit change
Oct 15
08:29 -08:31 Astronauts speak with Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China*** and the People's Republic of China.
October 16
18:40 Shenzhou VI enters its 76th orbit around the Earth, over the Qingdao station's measurement and control area
18:44 Shenzhou VI's return command is unlocked
19:10 The dispatcher of the Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center (BAFCC) announces that the return segment tracking has entered the 30-minute preparations
19:17 Shenzhou VI is
19:18 The propulsion module's solar sailboard is zeroed vertically
19:42 The Far-Eye Survey Vessel No. 3 captures the signal of Shenzhou VI
19:43-19:48 The Far-Eye Survey Vessel No. 3 carries out a series of key control measures for Shenzhou VI, such as attitude adjustment, separation of the orbital module from the return voyage, and braking and firing, etc.
19:49 The Shenzhou VI successfully enters into the return section of the spacecraft, and is ready for the return section. Shenzhou VI has entered the scheduled return orbit smoothly
19:43 Far Sight 3 sends commands to Shenzhou VI, and the first attitude adjustment of Shenzhou VI begins
19:44 Orbital module and return module are successfully separated
19:45 Propulsion module engine fires up, and the return voyage begins
19:48:29 The propulsion module orbital control engine shuts down, and flies out of the Far Sight 3 survey ship. It flies out of the measurement and control section of the Far Sight 3 survey ship
19:52 The capsule flies over the African continent, coming towards China
20:02 The capsule flies over South Asia, and the astronauts report that the spacecraft is working normally, and they feel good
20:07 The Propulsion Module and the Return Module are successfully separated
20:13 The capsule enters the communication blackout area
20:16 The landing site is in the blackout zone, and the spacecraft is in the blackout zone.
20:16 Landing site measurement and control equipment found the spacecraft
20:19 Main parachute cover of the Return Module opened
20:20 Deceleration parachute, main parachute opened, helicopter has visualized the target
20:23 Thermal bottom of the Return Module was successfully thrown off
20:33 The Return Module was successfully landed
21:04 Door of Return Module opened
21:04 The door of Return Module was opened
21:05 The landing site was opened.
21:39 The two astronauts, Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng, left the capsule
Launch
Shenzhou 6 was launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center at 9:00 a.m. Beijing time (UTC+8) on October 12, 2005, and Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng, the two Chinese astronauts, were launched into space for an estimated five-day flight time. They will first run five laps in an elliptical orbit with an orbital inclination of 42.4 degrees, a perigee altitude of 200 kilometers and an apogee altitude of 347 kilometers, and then enter a 343-kilometer circular orbit after the implementation of the orbit change; it will take 90 minutes to fly around the Earth, and the flight trajectory projected to the ground will be a sinusoidal curve that is constantly moving to the east. The orbital characteristics are the same as those of Shenzhou V.
On orbit
At 17:29 on Oct. 12, astronaut Fei Junlong opened the hatch between the Shenzhou 6 return module and the orbital module, and entered the orbital module to carry out space science experiments.
Beginning at 4:00 p.m. on Oct. 13, the astronauts conducted an on-orbit disturbance force test, consciously increasing the amplitude of their movements in the capsule in order to test the effect of human perturbation on the attitude of the spacecraft. After opening and closing the hatch, putting on and taking off the pressure suit, penetrating the cabin, and extracting condensate in the four major "on-orbit interference force" tests, the astronauts' activities had a very small impact on the spacecraft's attitude, and the spacecraft was able to maintain a normal flight without correcting the spacecraft's attitude.
On the morning of October 14, Shenzhou VI in the 30th circle for the first time after the orbit maintenance, that is, according to the orbit of the fine measurement parameters for micro-adjustment, so that the spacecraft to return to a predetermined normal orbit. During the maintenance, the Shenzhou VI engine *** ignited for 6.5 seconds, lifting the spacecraft 800 meters.
At 16:29 on Oct. 15, Hu Jintao spoke with astronauts Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng. at 18:05, the astronauts transmitted digital images of the spacecraft's solar sail panels they had taken to the Beijing Space Flight Control Center.
Landing
After completing its scheduled mission, the spacecraft returned to the main landing site in Siziwangqi, Inner Mongolia, using lift re-entry. The Shenzhou VI manned spacecraft needs to go through four phases to return to the ground: the braking flight phase, the free gliding phase, the re-entry phase and the landing phase. After the separation of the orbital module and the return module in this orbiting flight, Shenzhou VI will continue to fly in orbit for six months to conduct a series of scientific experiments.
Because the first manned spacecraft Shenzhou V flew in space for only one day, weather changes at the main landing site could be accurately predicted in time, so the secondary landing site has not been activated; Shenzhou VI will fly in space for many days, and it is difficult to accurately predict the weather, so the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center's secondary landing site will be activated as a backup landing site. In order to prepare for the possible return of the spacecraft at any time, 13 landing sites have been set up on the ground***. In addition to the main and secondary landing sites at Siziwangqi in Inner Mongolia and the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, there are 11 emergency landing sites at home and abroad. The landing site system includes the main and secondary landing site sub-systems, land emergency search and rescue sub-system, sea emergency search and rescue sub-system, communication sub-system and astronauts medical supervision and medical insurance sub-system of these five sub-systems.
The equipment involved in astronaut search and rescue includes search and rescue helicopters, search and rescue helicopters, search and recording helicopters, command and dispatch vehicles, astronaut medical supervision and medical insurance vehicles, engineering transportation vehicles, astronaut transportation vehicles, return capsule cranes and small search vehicles.
Four giant parachutes have been designed to ensure the safe return home of Shenzhou VI and the two astronauts. Return capsule in the landing process, at least one after another to open the guidance parachute, deceleration parachute, the main parachute *** 3 umbrellas, if necessary, but also to open the fourth backup parachute. Spacecraft return capsule parachute can be opened smoothly, directly related to the success or failure of the recovery. The main parachute can not be opened all at once, otherwise it will be blown by the high-speed airflow, the return capsule will also be broken. After the spacecraft landed, not everything is fine, if the huge parachute is blown by the wind drum, it may drag the return capsule to roll quickly. In order to ensure safety, the return capsule landed a moment, the astronauts issued a command, the module on the cutter will cut the parachute rope harness, let the parachute alone floating down, to ensure that the return capsule is not dragged away by the umbrella.
In addition, according to the Shenzhou V astronaut Yang Liwei's opinion, in order to minimize the impact on the astronauts during the landing of Shenzhou VI, the seats of the astronauts in the capsule are also installed for the first time with "empowering shock-absorbing cushions" -- energy-absorbing cushions made according to the different characteristics of the astronauts' shapes -- to quickly disperse the human stresses in the moment of the collision and avoid human injuries. The cushion can quickly dissipate the stress on the human body in the event of an impact, avoiding damage to the human body.
At 3:44 a.m. on Oct. 17, 2005, the orbital module of the spacecraft was successfully separated from the return module, and at 3:45 a.m., the engines of the spacecraft were successfully ignited to start the return flight. At 4:07 a.m. the spacecraft's propulsion module was successfully separated from the return module, which reentered Earth on its own.
During the landing, there was a point of light in the night sky at the main landing site in Siziwangqi, which was like a shooting star crossing the night sky. When the return module passed through the atmosphere at 4:13 a.m., it generated high temperatures and formed a black barrier to communication, suspending contact with the control center for three minutes. At 4:20, the return module opened the main parachute and slowly landed in the main landing site of Siziwangqi. At 4:33, the return module successfully landed, and the two astronauts, Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng, reported to the control center that they were safe, and the staff of the control center applauded and celebrated. About half an hour later, search and rescue helicopters first spotted the module, and the actual landing site was only 1 kilometer different from the expected one. After the crew opened the door to the return module, medical personnel checked the two astronauts and advised them that they could leave the module on their own.
Unlike Shenzhou 5 astronaut Yang Liwei, Fei Junlong first climbed out of the capsule on his own, wearing a space suit, and waved to staff at the scene. Nie Haisheng also climbed out of the hatch and walked down the iron ladder. 2 people sat on a chair, accepted the staff to offer flowers, and thanked everyone for their care and love, Fei said the space journey is very smooth, their work and life in the capsule is very good, and now the health condition is good. 2 astronauts stayed in space for 115.5 hours, which is more than 5 times of the Shenzhou V spacecraft flight time, creating the longest stay of the Chinese in space, a successful outcome. The two astronauts stayed in space for 115.5 hours, more than five times the flight time of Shenzhou V, making it the longest stay in space by a Chinese man. Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng were picked up by a helicopter after their return to the ground, followed by a special flight back to Beijing, where they were temporarily quarantined for 14 days.
Technical improvements
The spacecraft added 40 (Simplified Chinese: 余;繁体中文:余)devices and six software, bringing the spacecraft's equipment to more than 600, software 82, components more than 100,000, and making four aspects of the 110 technical improvements.
Improvements centered around the two-person, multi-day mission: food cabinets were put to real use, and water for the astronauts was prepared in two ways, through water tanks and separate soft packs. The condensate tank was enlarged, and all exposed piping was labeled with absorbent material to ensure that the spacecraft's humidity was kept below 80 percent.
Improvements in the functional use of the orbital module: food warmers and cutlery were placed. There is a sleeping bag hanging in the orbital module for two astronauts to take turns resting. There is also a special cleaning cabinet in the orbital module, where astronauts can use warm wipes and other items for cleaning. The urine and feces collection device is also used for the first time this time.
Improvements to enhance astronaut safety: The seat cushion for astronauts has been redesigned so that astronauts can see out the porthole when the seat is raised before return. A rapid automatic detection device for hatch closure between the return module and the orbit module has been successfully developed. Developed a special rag, which does not produce fibers, static electricity, or odor, specifically for cleaning the hatch.
Continuous improvement: the "black box" not only has a storage capacity 100 times larger than the original, but also increases the speed of data writing and reading by more than 10 times, and its volume is less than half of the original
Passenger
The Shenzhou VI spacecraft carries 64 kinds of items*** in eight categories. They are mainly souvenirs of the manned space project, such as postal items, paintings and calligraphy, flags and other souvenirs, as well as microbial strains and crop seeds used for scientific experiments.
Experimental use
Some eggs, silkworm eggs and Yunnan Pu'er tea will be sent up with Shenzhou VI to study the possibility of genetic mutation.
The spacecraft has placed 24 cell culture boxes containing pulsating cardiomyocytes and wall-stretching osteoblasts, and the astronauts and ground staff are synchronizing a series of scientific comparative experiments on the two identical living cells to study the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the space environment affecting the heart and bones, and to verify the effectiveness of the protection of the medicines screened on the ground through the real-time flight in the space and placed in the cell culture solution. Effectiveness. The astronauts will operate the 24 sample boxes in three time periods. During the operation, the astronauts will place the cell culture tape on their legs, squeeze the two capsules containing activator and fixative to activate or fixate the living cells according to different time periods, and examine the status and changes of the cell samples under different gravity conditions before and after the spacecraft enters the orbit.
Memorial use
There are 10 grams of special clay, consisting of 9 grams of mainland clay and 1 gram of Taiwan clay, signifying ten perfections, in the hope that the two sides of the Taiwan Straits can realize peaceful unification.
The national flag of the Polar Expedition, the flag of the International Olympic Committee, the flag of the Shanghai World Expo, and the flags of "National Defense Education" and "Witnessing the Soaring of China", as well as works of calligraphy and painting by renowned artists such as "The Six Stallions", "Ode to the Divine State", and "Miles of the Long March".
Response from around the world
HONG KONG - Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Chief Executive Donald Tsang Yam-kuen congratulates on the successful launch of Shenzhou VI; lawmakers send greeting cards to the central government. [/051012/12/1hjz3.html]
US - US State Department spokesman Ereli says China is the third country in the world that can successfully develop manned space technology, and the US welcomes China's peaceful development of space research. [/051012/12/1hlch.html]
U.S. NASA Administrator John Griffin issued a statement on Oct. 12, saying that the liftoff of Shenzhou VI proved that China has become one of the "elite nations". The statement said, "China has once again demonstrated that she is one of the 'elite nations' that can carry people into space. We wish them well in their mission and look forward to the safe return of their astronauts." [/051013/12/1hlmy.html]
RUSSIA - Russia's Roscosmos deputy chief Morsiyev said: "Once again, a powerful country has joined the space club. We are looking forward to further cooperation with them in all spheres, including human space flight." He added that Russia is "closely monitoring" China's space program. [/051012/12/1hkeg.html]
JAPAN - Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary Hiroyuki Hosoda also congratulated China on the successful launch of Shenzhou VI, saying it had nothing to do with China's increased military threat. [/051012/12/1hkna.html]
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