Mechanical technology computer and information technology system technology automatic control technology sensor detection technology servo drive technology
Mechatronics technology is a broad-bore specialty with a wide range of adaptability. Transmission technology
Mechatronics is a broad-bore specialty with a wide range of adaptations. Students will participate in a variety of skills training and national vocational qualification examinations in addition to learning various mechanical, electrical and electronic, computer technology, control technology, detection and sensing and other theoretical knowledge during the school period, fully reflecting the emphasis on skills training. After graduation, students are mainly oriented to enterprises and companies in the Pearl River Delta, engaging in processing manufacturing industry, production and after-sales service of home appliances, use and maintenance of CNC processing machine tools and equipment, property automation and management system, design, production, transformation and technical support of electromechanical products, as well as installation, debugging, maintenance, sales and management of electromechanical equipment, and so on.
Table of Contents 1 Book Mechatronics 2 Introduction 3 Author's Introduction 4 Table of Contents 5 Direction of Development Book Mechatronics Author:(Japanese) Kazuo Muto Translator:Wang Yiquan Teng Yonghong Yu Shenbo
Publisher:Science Publishing House
Pages:258
Publication date:2007
ISBN: 9787030193810
Binding: Paperback
Open: 16
Market Price: ￥ 35.00 Edit Section Description This book is an introduction to the practical technology of mechatronics, focusing on mechatronics necessary for the six technologies, that is, computer technology, sensor technology, transmission technology, interface technology, software technology and network technology. It focuses on the six technologies necessary for mechatronics, namely, computer technology, sensor technology, transmission technology, interface technology, software technology and network technology, etc., and finally gives a more detailed description of robotics and CNC technology as typical applications of mechatronics. The content of this book is in-depth, concise, easy to understand, and richly illustrated.
This book can be used as a reference for on-site engineers and technicians engaged in mechatronics, as a teaching reference for undergraduates in the electrical, electronic, and mechanical departments of institutions of higher education, and as a self-study textbook for students studying mechatronics in colleges of technology or vocational schools of higher learning. Editor's Introduction Kazuo Muto, born in 1955 in Fukushima Prefecture, graduated from the Vocational Training University of the Ministry of Labor in 1980, majored in mechanics, and graduated from the Graduate School of Engineering of the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Yamanashi in 1982, majored in precision engineering, and graduated from the Graduate School of Engineering of the Faculty of Engineering of the Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology in 1993, majored in mechanical systems engineering, and now, he is working at the independent administrative agency, Employing a capacity development institution, Vocational Capacity Development Comprehensive University of Precision Mechanics. Currently, he is a professor in the Department of Welfare Engineering at the Department of Precision Mechanical Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), and a technical advisor to the prefectures of Iwate, Tochigi, Fukushima, and Ibaraki. Member of the Special Investigation Committee of the Central Vocational Ability Development Council of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Member of the Open Controller Specialized Committee of the FA Open Promotion Council of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Member of the XML Evidence Committee of the FA Open Promotion Council of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Chairman of the Manufacturing Sector Committee of the Society of Automotive Engineers, and Member of the Planning Committee of the Processing Data File of the Association for the Promotion of Mechanical Engineering. Editorial Contents Chapter 1 Overview of Mechatronics
1.1 Mechatronics and Its Basic Elements
1.2 Basic Mechatronics Technologies and Their History
1.3 Sensors
1.3.1 What are Sensors
1.3.2 Types of Sensors
1.3.3 Analog Signals vs. Digital Signals
1.3.4 Sensor Signals
1.3.5 Sensor Selection Methods
1.4 Interface Circuits (Electronic Circuits and Signal Processing Systems)
1.5 Controllers
1.5.1 What is a Controller
1.5.2 Relay Control
1.5.3 Semiconductor relay (non-contact) control
1.5.4 Sequence controllers
1.5.5 Controller signals
1.5.6 Converting analog signals to digital signals in a controller
1.5.7 Levels of controller signals (TTL levels)
1.6 Transmissions
1.6.1 What is a transmission device
1.6.2 Electric motors
1.6.3 Electromagnetic drive mechanism
1.6.4 Pneumatic drives
1.7 Software
1.8 Networks
1.8.1 What is a network
1.8.2 Examples of PLC-based network applications
1.8.3 Networks and 3D CAD/CAE/CAM/CAT/Networked Systems
1.8.4 Networks and Mechatronics
Chapter 2 Microcomputers as the Basis of Mechatronics
2.1 What is a Microcomputer
2.2 Hardware for Microcomputers
2.2.1 8-Bit and 16-Bit Microcomputers of the 1970's 8-bit and 16-bit minicomputers of the 1970s
2.2.2 32-bit minicomputers of the 1980s
2.2.3 Minicomputers of the 1990s
2.2.4 Minicomputers of the early 21st century
2.3 Types of minicomputers
2.2.3 Single-board computer
< p>2.3.2 Single-chip microcomputers2.3.3 Personal computers
2.4 Components of a microcomputer system
2.4.1 CPU
2.4.2 Internal structure of the CPU
2.4.3 Timing and machine cycles of information processing inside the CPU
2.4.4 Memory and its functions
2.5 Microcomputer software
2.6 Microcomputer interface circuits
2.6.1 Receipt of data signals within microcomputer interface circuits
2.6.2 Input-output (I/O) interface circuits and their communication
2.6.3 Parallel-serial and serial-parallel conversions< /p>
Chapter 3 Hardware Technology for Mechatronics
3.1 Basics of Mechanical Components
3.1.1 Mechanical Motion
3.1.2 Mechanisms
3.1.3 Mechanical Parts
3.2 Basics of Electronic Components
3.2.1 Capacitors
3.2 .2 Resistors
3.2.3 Diodes
3.2.4 Photodiodes
3.2.5 Triodes
3.2.6 Relays
3.2.7 Solid-state relays
3.2.8 Integrated circuits (ICs)
3.2.9 Operational amplifiers
3.2.10 Digital Integrated Circuits
Chapter 4 Interface Technology for Mechatronics
4.1 Basics of Interface Circuits
4.1.1 Overview of Interface Circuits
4.1.2 Reverse Current and Source Current
4.1.3 Logic "1" and Logic "0"
4.1.4 Pull-up Resistors and Pull-down Resistors
4.2 Interface Techniques
4.2.1 Converting Digital Signals to Digital Signals
4.2.2 Converting Digital Signals to Analog Signals
4.2.3 Converting Analog Signals Converting a Digital Signal to a Digital Signal
4.2.4 Converting an Analog Signal to an Analog Signal
4.3 Reading and Using Practical Digital ICs
4.3.1 Logical Checksums
4.3.2 Pulse Oscillator Circuits
4.3.3 Pulse Delay Circuits
4.3.4 Bi-Stable Flip Flop Circuits
4.3.4 Bi-Stable Flop Circuits
4.3.4 Bi-stable Flip Flops p>4.3.5 Counter Circuit Using 74LS393
4.3.6 Anti-Vibration Circuit
4.3.7 Differential and Integral Circuit
4.4 Microcomputer and Sensor Interfacing Circuit
4.4.1 Sensor Amplifier Circuit
4.4.2 Vibration Sensor Amplifier Circuit
4.4.3 Optical Sensor (Phototransistor) Amplification Circuit
4.5 Interface Circuit between Microcomputer and Transmission Device
4.5.1 Drive Circuit for Transmission Device
4.5.2 Darlington Connection
4.5.3 Usage of Photocoupler for Transmission Device Driving
Chapter 5: Software Technology for Mechatronics
5.1 Overview of Software
5.2 Machine Language
5.2.1 What is Machine Language
5.2.2 Bits
5.2.3 Machine Language as a Signal for the Minicomputer
5.2.4 Preparation for the Acquisition of Machine Language and Assembly Language
5.2. 5 Assembly Languages
5.2.6 Program Flowcharts
5.3 C, C++, and Java
5.4 XML Languages
5.5 UML Languages
Chapter 6 Robotics and CNC Technology
6.1 What is Robotics
6.1.1 Definition of Robotics
6.1.2 Structure of Robot
6.1.3 History of Robot Development
6.1.4 Types of Robot
6.2 Robotics
6.2.1 Robot Control Technology
6.2.2 Robot Uses
6.3 CNC Machine Tools
6.3.1 What is CNC
6.3.2 CNC Machine Tools and Their Composition
6.3.3 Control of Tool Paths in CNC Machine Tools
6.3.4 Structure of Servo Mechanisms
6.3.5 A Brief History of CNC Machine Tools
6.3.6 Characteristics and Types of CNC Machine Tools
6.3.7 CNC Effectiveness of CNC machine
6.3.8 CNC machine program design
References
Mechanical and electrical equipment installation and commissioning anomalies and countermeasures in the project after the completion of the installation of electromechanical equipment, usually the motor and its machinery for the stand-alone start-up debugging. Commissioning equipment is under the operation of the construction unit personnel, in accordance with the conditions and requirements of the formal production or use of a longer period of operation, and project design requirements for comparison. The purpose is to test the quality of equipment design, manufacturing and installation and commissioning, verification of the reliability of the equipment for continuous operation, the performance of the equipment for a test, and will test the data and equipment manufacturing factory record data for comparison, the quality of the equipment project to make an evaluation. In practice, the trial run of the equipment will encounter unexpected anomalies to live, so that the motor starting failure and tripping, the opportunity for larger-capacity motors will be more. In order to facilitate the analysis afterwards, before the motor start, we should do a good job of prior preparation (especially large motors need to pay more attention), and analyze the results of the inspection.
I. Motor starting before the inspection and test run inspection
1 start before the inspection
(1) newly installed or out of service for more than three months of the motor, with megohmmeter to measure the insulation resistance of the motor between the windings and each of the windings and the ground (chassis), the test should be removed before all the external wiring on the motor outlet terminals. Usually 500V motor with 500V megohmmeter measurement, 500 ~ 3000V motor with 1000V megohmmeter measurement of insulation resistance, according to the requirements of the motor every 1kV operating voltage, insulation resistance shall not be less than 1 megohmmeter, the voltage in the following 1k volts, the capacity of 1000 kilowatts and the following motors, the insulation resistance should not be less than 0.5 megohmmeter. If the insulation resistance is low, the motor should be dried first, and then measure the insulation resistance, qualified before being energized for use.
(2) check whether the secondary circuit wiring is correct, the secondary circuit wiring check can be simulated in the case of the motor is not connected to the action of a first time, to confirm that the links of the action is correct, including the signal lamp display is correct or not. Check whether the connection of the motor lead wire is correct, whether the phase sequence and direction of rotation meet the requirements, whether the grounding or zero connection is good, and whether the cross-sectional area of the wire meets the requirements.
(3) check the motor internal debris, with dry, clean 200-300kPa compressed air blowing the internal (can use a hair dryer or hand air box, etc. to blow), but can not touch the winding.
(4) check the motor nameplate voltage, frequency and connected to the power supply voltage, frequency is consistent with whether the power supply voltage is stable (usually allow power supply voltage fluctuation range of ± 5%), whether the connection is the same as the nameplate. If it is a reduced voltage starting, but also to check the starting equipment wiring is correct.
(5) Check whether the motor fastening bolts are loose, whether the bearings are out of oil, whether the gap between the stator and rotor is reasonable, and whether the gap is clean and free of debris. Check whether there is any debris around the unit that prevents operation, and whether the foundation of the motor and the driven machinery is firm.
(6) Check whether the setting value of protection appliances (circuit breaker, fuse, AC contactor, thermal relay, etc.) is appropriate. Dynamic and static contacts contact is good. Check whether the capacity of the control device is appropriate, whether the fuse is intact, whether the specification, capacity and mounting is firm.
(7) Whether the contact between brush and commutator or slip ring is good, and whether the brush pressure is in accordance with the manufacturer's regulations.
(8) Check whether the starting equipment is intact, the wiring is correct, and the specifications meet the requirements of the motor. Wrench the rotor of the motor and the shaft of the driven machinery (such as pumps, fans, etc.), check whether the rotation is flexible, there is no jamming, friction and sweeping phenomenon. Confirm that the installation is good, the rotation is not impeded.
(9) Check whether the transmission device meets the requirements. Transmission belt elasticity is appropriate, coupling connection is intact.
(10) Check whether the ventilation system, cooling system and lubrication system of the motor are normal. Observe whether there is leakage marks, rotate the motor shaft, see whether the rotation is flexible, there is no friction sound or other strange sound.
(11) Check whether the motor shell grounding or zero protection is reliable and meet the requirements.
2. Check the motor during test run.
Check during startup
(1) the motor must be reminded when the motor is energized for trial operation, there should be no other people standing near the transmission part, and should not stand on both sides of the motor and the towed equipment, so as to avoid the rotating object tangential flying out of the cause of injury.
(2) before turning on the power supply should be ready to cut off the power supply, in case of any abnormalities in the motor after turning on the power supply (such as motor can not be started, slow start, abnormal sound, etc.) can immediately cut off the power supply. Motor with direct start mode should be started without load. Because the starting current is large, the pull-close action should be quick and decisive.
(3) a motor should not be started more than 3-5 times in order to prevent starting equipment and motor overheating. Especially when the motor power to pay attention to the motor temperature rise at any time.
(4) motor startup does not turn or rotate abnormally or abnormal sound, should be quickly shut down to check.
(5) when using delta starter and autotransformer, soft starter or frequency conversion start must comply with the operating procedures.
Check during trial operation
(1) Check whether the motor rotation is flexible or murmur. Pay attention to whether the direction of rotation of the motor matches the required direction of rotation.
(2) Check whether the power supply voltage is normal. For 380V asynchronous motor, the supply voltage should not be higher than 400V or lower than 360V.
(3) Record the bus voltage, starting time and no-load current of the motor during starting. Note that the current should not exceed the rated current.
(4) Check whether the equipment driven by the motor is normal and whether the transmission between the motor and the equipment is normal.
(5) Check whether the sound is normal when the motor is running, and whether there is smoke and burning odor.
(6) Check the motor casing for leakage and poor grounding with an electric tester.
(7) Check the motor shell for overheating and note whether the temperature rise of the motor is normal, and whether the bearing temperature is in accordance with the manufacturer's regulations (for insulated bearings, the shaft voltage should also be measured).
Edit this section of the development direction of mechatronics to the intelligent direction.In the late 1990s, the major developed countries began the mechatronics technology to the intelligent direction of the new stage. On the one hand, optics, communication technology and so on into the mechatronics, microfabrication technology also in mechatronics, the emergence of opto-mechatronics and micro-mechatronics and other new branches; on the other hand, the mechatronics system modeling and design, analysis and integration methods, mechatronics disciplinary system and development trends have been studied in depth. At the same time, due to the great progress made in the fields of artificial intelligence technology, neural network technology and fiber optic technology, it opens up a wide world for the development of mechatronics technology and provides a solid foundation for the industrialization development. Focus on six development directions: Mechatronics is a set of mechanical, electronic, optical, control, computer, information and other multidisciplinary cross-comprehensive, its development and progress depends on and promotes the development and progress of related technologies. The main development directions of future mechatronics are: 1. Intellectualization. Intellectualization is an important development direction of mechatronics technology development in the 21st century. Artificial intelligence in the mechatronics builder's research is increasingly being emphasized, robotics and CNC machine tool intelligence is an important application. Intelligent" is a description of the behavior of the machine, is based on control theory, absorbing artificial intelligence, operations research, computer science, fuzzy mathematics, psychology, physiology and chaos dynamics and other new ideas, new methods, simulating human intelligence, so that it has the ability of judgment and reasoning, logical thinking, autonomous decision-making, etc., in order to get a higher control goal. Get a higher control goal. Admittedly, it is impossible and unnecessary to make mechatronics products have the same intelligence as human beings. However, high-performance, high-speed microprocessor so that mechatronics products endowed with low-level intelligence or part of the human intelligence, it is entirely possible and necessary. 2. Modularization. Modularization is an important and difficult project. As a result of mechatronics product categories and manufacturers, research and development with a standard mechanical interface, electrical interface, power interface, environmental interface of the mechatronics product unit is a very complex but very important thing. For example, the development of a set of deceleration, intelligent speed control, motor in one of the power unit, with vision, image processing, recognition and distance measurement and other functions of the control unit, as well as a variety of mechanical devices that can complete the typical operation. In this way, new products can be rapidly developed using standard units, and the scale of production can also be expanded. This requires the development of standards for the matching and interfacing of components and units. Due to the conflict of interest, it is difficult to develop international or domestic standards in this regard in the near future, but they can be formed gradually through the formation of a number of large enterprises. Obviously, from the standardization of electrical products, the benefits of serialization can be sure, both for the production of standard mechatronics unit of the enterprise or for the production of mechatronics products, the scale will give mechatronics enterprises to bring a better future. 3. Networking. 1990s, computer technology and other outstanding achievements is network technology. The rise and rapid development of network technology to science and technology, industrial production, politics, military, education and people's daily lives have brought great changes. Various networks will be the global economy, production connected, competition between enterprises will also be globalized. Once a new mechatronics product is developed, as long as its function is unique and its quality is reliable, it will soon be sold all over the world. Due to the popularization of the network, a variety of network-based remote control and monitoring technology in the ascendant, and remote control of the terminal equipment itself is mechatronics products. Fieldbus and LAN technology is home appliances network has become a trend, the use of home networks (home net) will be connected to a variety of home appliances into a computer-centered computer integrated appliance system (computer integrated appliance system, CIAS), so that people in the home to share the convenience of a variety of high technology and happiness. Therefore, mechatronics products will undoubtedly develop in the direction of networking. 4. Miniaturization. Miniaturization emerged in the late 1980s, referring to the trend of mechatronics to the development of miniature machines and microscopic areas. Foreign countries call it micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), referring to the geometric size of not more than 1 cubic centimeter of mechatronics products, and to the micron, nanometer development. Microelectromechanical integration products are small in size, consume less energy, and are flexible in movement, and have incomparable advantages in biomedicine, military, and information. The bottleneck of the development of micro-electromechanical integration lies in the micro-mechanical technology, micro-electromechanical integration products are processed using fine processing technology, i.e., ultra-precision technology, which includes two types of photolithography and etching technology. 5. Greening. The development of industry has brought great changes to people's lives. On the one hand, material abundance, comfortable life; on the other hand, the reduction of resources, the ecological environment is seriously polluted. Thus, people call for the protection of environmental resources and return to nature. The concept of green products came into being under this call, and greening is the trend of the times. Green products in their design, manufacture, use and destruction of the life process, in line with specific environmental protection and human health requirements, harmless to the ecological environment or very little harm, resource utilization rate is very high. Designing green mechatronics products has a far-reaching future. The greening of mechatronic products mainly means that they do not pollute the ecological environment when used and can be recycled after scrapping. 6. Systematization. One of the performance characteristics of systemization is that the system architecture further adopts the open and patterned bus structure. The system can be flexibly configured for any cut and combination, while seeking to achieve multi-subsystem coordinated control and integrated management. Performance of the second is the communication function is greatly strengthened, especially the "personality" development is notable, that is, the future of mechatronics pay more attention to the relationship between products and people. Mechatronics personality has two meanings. One is the ultimate use of mechatronics products are people, how to give mechatronics products human intelligence, emotion, human nature is increasingly important, especially for household robots, its high-level realm is human-machine integration. Another layer of meaning is to mimic the biological mechanism, the development of a variety of mechatronics products.