Dialysis used in medicine is broadly divided into three categories: hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and colonic dialysis
Hemodialysis
Hemodialysis, or hemodialysis for short, which is also known as an artificial kidney or dialysis in layman's terms, is a type of blood purification technology. Hemodialysis is a blood purification technique that utilizes the principle of semi-permeable membrane to purify the blood by dispersing and convecting all kinds of harmful as well as excess metabolic wastes and electrolytes out of the body, and to correct the water-electrolyte and acid-base balance.
The semi-permeable membrane used in hemodialysis has a thickness of 10-20 microns, and the average pore size of the membrane is 3 nanometers, so only small molecules with molecular weights below 15,000 and some intermediate molecules are allowed to pass through it, while large molecules with molecular weights greater than 35,000 cannot pass through it. Therefore, proteins, pyrogens, viruses, bacteria and blood cells are not permeable; most of the components of urine are water, and to replace the kidney with an artificial kidney, it is necessary to remove a large amount of water from the blood, and the artificial kidney can only utilize osmolality and ultrafiltration pressure to achieve the purpose of removing excessive water. The artificial kidneys used nowadays, i.e. hemodialysis devices, are equipped with these functions, so that the quality and quantity of blood can be regulated to make it close to the physiological state.
Note: Hemodialysis, Hemo means blood, and dialysis comes from a Greek word meaning the release of certain substances.
Peritoneal dialysis
Peritoneal dialysis is the use of the peritoneum as a semi-permeable membrane, the use of gravity will be prepared dialysis solution through the catheter instillation of the patient's peritoneal cavity, so that there is a difference in the concentration of solutes gradient in the peritoneal membrane on both sides of the side of the solute, high concentration of solutes on the side of the side of the low concentration of solutes to the low concentration of solutes on the side of the side of the move (dispersion); water is moving from the hypo-osmotic side of the side of the side of the movement of the hypertonic side of the side of the side of the movement of water (osmosis). Through the peritoneal dialysis fluid is constantly replaced, in order to achieve the purpose of removing the body metabolites, toxic substances and correcting the water and electrolyte balance disorders.
Colon dialysis
Colon dialysis is to inject filtered water into the human colon to clean and wash the colon, remove toxins from the body, and expand the contact area between the colon mucosa and the drugs, and then inject the special medicinal liquid, so that the medicinal liquid will adsorb all kinds of toxins from the body through the colon mucosa and be discharged in time in the colon, and then finally, it will be instilled into the special traditional Chinese medicinal preparations and be retained to utilize the active ingredients of drugs absorbed by colon mucosa and be excreted timely. The mucous membrane of the colon is used to absorb the active ingredients of the drug, which plays a therapeutic role for the kidneys, and can lower the reversal and excretion of turbidity, reduce blood creatinine and urea nitrogen, uric acid and other uremic toxins.