1, advantages and disadvantages of landfill
Advantages of landfill: sanitary landfill technology is mature and the treatment cost is low, which is the main way of centralized treatment of urban garbage in China at present.
Disadvantages of landfill: less investment, simple process, large treatment capacity, and better realization of surface harmlessness. However, the landfill garbage has not been treated harmlessly, leaving a lot of bacteria and viruses; Biogas also has hidden dangers such as heavy metal pollution; Garbage leakage will pollute groundwater resources for a long time, so this method is potentially harmful and will bring endless troubles to future generations.
This method not only fails to realize the resource treatment of garbage, but also occupies a lot of land, which is a dangerous way to reserve pollution sources for future generations. Many developed countries explicitly prohibit landfill. The competent departments at all levels of our government have gradually realized the problems existing in this treatment technology, and this kind of behavior will inevitably be banned and eliminated.
2. Advantages and disadvantages of burning garbage
Advantages of burning garbage: it can be treated quickly, convert garbage into heat energy, and realize on-site resource utilization of garbage.
Disadvantages of garbage incineration: the treatment of harmful gas "dioxin" produced during garbage incineration has caused great defects in this method.
3. Advantages and disadvantages of composting technology
Advantages of composting technology: some components in garbage are utilized, and the investment in treating garbage with the same quality is greatly reduced compared with simple incineration treatment.
The disadvantage of composting technology is that it can't treat non-perishable organic and inorganic substances, so the degree of reduction, reduction and harmlessness is low. Therefore, composting alone still cannot completely solve the garbage problem. ?
Sludge and other wastes discharged from sewage treatment plants contain a large number of germs, such as germs, viruses, parasitic eggs and so on. These bacteria are so energetic that it is difficult to kill them completely by common sterilization methods such as heating or adding lime. These solid wastes are applied to farmland as fertilizers, and some bacteria can survive in the soil for months, causing soil and water pollution and threatening human and animal health.
Extended data
Classification and hazards
1, human and animal feces. There are infectious bacteria and viruses.
2. Medical wastes generated by medical institutions. There are a large number of easily infected viruses and chemicals that are difficult to degrade.
3. Building decoration garbage. There are volatile chemicals.
4. Light industrial waste. Most of them are refractory chemical materials, such as plastics and paints.
5. Electronic material waste generated by electronic industry. Include major heavy metal components, refractory glass fibers, plastics, etc. Heavy metals, including lead, tin, zinc, silver and gold, are harmful to human health.
6. The toxic and harmful substances produced by the chemical industry are combined with garbage. Volatile substances such as benzene.
7. battery. It is an indispensable industrial product in people's lives, and its pollution is mainly reflected in heavy metals and chemical substances, including chemical components such as acid and alkali, and materials that are difficult to degrade, such as plastics.
8, all aspects of the city's domestic sewage and sewage discharged by industrial enterprises such as manufacturing.
9, a small amount of radioactive pollutants.
10, other unlisted human domestic garbage.
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