- A "process" can be understood as a set of related specific operational activities (e.g. plastering, bricklaying, inserting, commissioning, assembling, completing a training).
-Operation instructions are also a procedure, except that they address specific operational activities, whereas a procedure document describes a systematic quality activity.
-Operation instructions are sometimes referred to as work instructions or codes of practice, operating procedures, work instructions, and so on.
- Role of work instructions
- It is the most basic document that guides the process quality assurance and provides guidance for carrying out purely technical quality activities.
- It is a supporting document to the quality system procedure document.
b. Types of work instructions
- According to the form of issuance can be divided into:
- Written work instructions;
- Dictated work instructions;
- Computerized work instructions;
- Audio-visual work instructions.
- According to the content can be divided into:
- For construction, operation, inspection, installation and other specific processes of the work instructions;
- For the guidance of the specific management of a variety of work rules, guidelines, rules, plans and regulations, etc.;
- For the guidance of the automation of a high degree of operation is relatively independent of the standard operating procedures.
c. ISO9000 series of standards on the requirements of the operating instructions
- "If there is no operating instructions can not guarantee the quality of 5 when, then the production and installation methods should be developed operating instructions" (GB/T19001-ISO9001- -9. 1).
- Production operations may be specified by work instructions to the extent necessary. Process capability studies should be conducted to determine the potential of the process. The use of process rules throughout production should also be documented and referenced in all work instructions. The work instructions should specify the guidelines for successful completion of the work and compliance with technical specifications and standards. ...... (GB/T19004-ISO9004 - 10. 1. 1).
- "Work instructions, specifications and drawings shall be controlled in accordance with the provisions of the quality system" (GB/T19004-ISO9004--11. 5).
2. The contents of the operating instructions
Commonly used operating instructions, work rules, standards, job specifications should normally contain.
3. Numbering and management of operating instructions
a. Basic requirements
- Content should meet
-5W1H principle
Any operating instructions must be expressed in different ways:
Where: Where to use the operating instructions;
Who: What kind of people use the operating instructions;
The operating instructions;
What kind of people use the operating instructions;
What kind of people use the operating instructions;
Why: What kind of people use the operating instructions?
What: What is the name and content of the operation;
Why: What is the purpose of the operation;
How: How to complete the operation step by step.
- The "best and most practical" principle
The most scientific and effective method;
Good practicability and good overall effect.
- The quantity should meet the following criteria: - Not every station, every job requires a written manual;
- Only used when "quality cannot be guaranteed without a manual";
- How many procedures and manuals should be referenced in the quality manual that describes the quality system; this should be determined according to the organization's requirements;
- When training is adequate and effective, the manual should be used for the purpose of ensuring the quality of work and the quality of the work. When training is sufficiently effective, the number of work instructions can be reduced;
- A list of work instructions referenced in the quality manual of a certified company is shown in Exhibit 16.
- The format should meet the following requirements
- Unconventional to meet the requirements of the training;
- Simple, clear, and uniquely understandable;
- Aesthetically pleasing and practical.
b. Preparation Steps
- See flowchart for preparation of work instructions
- Explanation of flowchart
- The task of preparation of work instructions is generally undertaken by a specific department;
- Clarifying the purpose of the preparation is the first step in the preparation of work instructions;
- When the work instructions relate to other processes (or work), the interfaces should be carefully handled;
- The work instructions are to be prepared with the aim of providing a clearer understanding of the process and the work to be performed.
-When writing the operation instructions should be involved in the loss of operators, and make them clear the content of the operation instructions. c. Management of work instructions
- Approval of work instructions
- Work instructions should be approved in accordance with the required procedures before implementation, generally approved by the department head;
- Work instructions without approval can not be effective.
- Operating instructions are controlled documents
- After approval, they can only be used in the prescribed context;
- The execution of voided operating instructions is strictly prohibited;
- Changes and updates are made in accordance with the prescribed procedures.