The first is rich natural resources. Shandong's natural resources can be divided into human natural resources and mineral natural resources. Shandong's humanistic natural resources are indeed rich and colorful, five thousand years of civilization carried on this piece of land left a thick deposit, the Yellow River, Mount Tai, Confucius Temple, Quan Cheng, Taibai Tower, Penglai Mirage and other natural landscapes, coupled with the history of Confucius, Mencius, Mozi, Guanzi, Gandhi, 汜胜之, Sun Wu, Sun Bin, Zhu Geliang, Xin Qiqi, Li Qingzhao, Pu Songling, Wang Xizhi, Yan Zhenqing, Zhang Zeduan, and many others. The historical relics of a large number of thinkers, scientists, militarists, literati, artists and calligraphers make the cultural flavor of Qilu land quite strong. And Shandong's mineral and natural resources reserves in general also rank among the top in the country. The province has discovered 128 kinds of minerals, accounting for 78% of the minerals discovered in the country. In the proven reserves of 74 kinds of minerals, there are more than 30 kinds of reserves in the country's top 10. Among them, the first gold (rock gold), natural sulfur (accounting for more than 90% of the country's reserves), gypsum (accounting for 70% of the country's reserves); in second place are petroleum, diamond (reserves accounted for 40% of the country's production accounted for 80%), magnesite, cobalt, hafnium, granite; in third place are potassium salts, graphite, talc, bentonite, limestone and so on. Shandong is one of the most important energy bases in China. Shengli oil field is China's second largest oil production base, the important mining area of the Central Plains oil field is also in Shandong, the province's crude oil production accounted for 1/3 of the country. coal-bearing strata in Shandong covers an area of 50,000 square kilometers, Yanteng Mining Area is one of the country's top ten coal bases. Shandong has sufficient power resources, and the Shandong power grid is the only provincial independent power grid among the six major power grids in the country. In addition, due to the natural geographic location of Shandong, Shandong has rich marine resources because of its proximity to the sea, and the topography of the plains makes it easy to cultivate and harvest the rich soil.
The second is the superior economic geography. Shandong Peninsula and East Asia's economic powerhouse Japan and one of Asia's four small dragons of South Korea across the sea, many excellent seaports for the development of export-oriented economy in Shandong provides a platform. The coastline of Shandong is more than 3,000 kilometers long, accounting for about one-sixth of the country, and the density of coastal port cities in Shandong is the highest in the country. There are 26 ports along the coast of Shandong, and the density of ports is the highest in the country. There are more than 60 berths above 10,000 tons, with an annual throughput capacity of more than 100 million tons. Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai, Rizhao, Longkou, Shidao, Lanshan, Dongying and other 8 ports have been approved by the state as a class of ports open to the public. Qingdao Qianwan Port, which is under construction, will become a large port in the eastern part of China with an annual throughput capacity of 100 million tons upon completion. The fast-growing Jiaodong coastal economic belt in the framework of the reform and opening-up policy makes Shandong's foreign economic ties convenient and fast.
The third is a sizable infrastructure. In its efforts to develop its economy and accelerate its opening up to the outside world, Shandong has paid great attention to the construction of infrastructure, making transportation, communication and other infrastructure construction of a considerable scale.
Whether from the sky to go to Shandong, or from the ground to go to Shandong, to have been to Shandong said that the road in Shandong is good. Shandong is also known as a high mileage, high pavement level and the whole country. By 1995, the province's highway mileage reached more than 54,200 kilometers, highway density of 34.6 kilometers per 100 square kilometers. Among them, 318 kilometers of highway, more than 1,600 kilometers of first-class highway, more than 11,700 kilometers of second-class highway. Shandong's railroad network is relatively complete, Beijing-Shanghai Railway, Beijing-Kowloon Railway across the north and south, Jiaoji Railway across the east and west, 8 branch lines and its connection, the province's railroad mileage has reached more than 2,400 kilometers. Shandong has built nine airports, of which Jinan and Qingdao airports have been opened as international airports, opening more than 90 international and domestic flights.
Shandong's post and telecommunications, communications have basically realized the modernization of fiber-optic cable communications, digital transmission and program-controlled telephone widely used, and more than 180 countries and regions around the world to open the international direct dial telephone. The 17 cities and most counties in Shandong have opened international postal express service. Shandong Power Grid is the only provincial independent power grid among the six major power grids in China. By the end of 1995, the total installed capacity was more than 10 million kilowatts, with 73 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity at the end of the year.
At present, Shandong has begun another large-scale information infrastructure construction, that is, information highway construction. Shandong will affect the rapid economic development of the road, sea, air, information and several major access roads at the same time to build, indeed greatly improve the investment environment.
However, according to Shandong University 21st Century Shandong Research Center published a "Shandong Province Economic Competitiveness Comparative Analysis Report," pointed out that Shandong's economic competitiveness in comparison with the developed provinces and regions do not occupy an advantage. The report compares 11 provinces and cities (Beijing, Tianjin, Liaozhou, Shanghai, Suzhou, Zhejiang, Fujian, Henan, Hebei, Hubei, etc.) across the country in terms of economic strength, internationalization level infrastructure, business management, government management, science and technology, and national quality. The final evaluation results of the 8 indicators reflecting the total production and income and the level of development - Gross Domestic Product (GDP), per capita GDP growth rate, total social investment, the proportion of tertiary industry, per capita retail sales of social commodities, per capita private consumption expenditure, and the government's final share of GDP - show that Shandong Province ranked 6th among the 12 provinces and municipalities in terms of competitiveness of its economic strengths. , Shandong's internationalization level competitiveness comprehensive ranking ranks 9th among 12 provinces and cities, infrastructure competitiveness ranked 10th, enterprise management competitiveness ranked 4th, government management competitiveness ranked 10th, science and technology ranked 8th, and national quality of Shandong ranked 11th. In a comprehensive comparison, Shandong's economic competitiveness ranked 9th, and the order of ranking of the 12 provinces and municipalities were Beijing, Tianjin, Liaoning, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shandong, Henan, Guangdong, Hebei and Hubei in that order.
According to other statistics, Guangdong's exports as a share of GDP ranked first, 5.9 times that of Shandong Province; Beijing's tourism revenue as a share of GDP ranked first, 35 times that of Shandong. The industrial wastewater discharge compliance rate is ranked 12th among 12 provinces and cities, indicating less investment in environmental protection. In addition, the number of patents per 100,000 residents and the proportion of research and development expenditures to GDP ranked 9th and 10th respectively, indicating that investment in science and technology should be strengthened; in addition, the proportion of people with tertiary education or above and the number of healthcare institutions per 100,000 residents ranked 12th and 11th, indicating that investment in education is very necessary.
As pointed out in Shandong Province's "Tenth Five-Year Plan", compared with developed regions such as Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong, Shandong's traditional advantages are weakening, and there is a relative lack of new advantages, which urgently need to be shaped to face the 21st century's new advantages in economic development. The level of industrial structure is not high, the main industries are traditional industries with saturated market, the economic competitiveness is obviously not dominant among the coastal provinces, and it is in the middle class in the national professional division of labor pattern. At the same time, science and technology education, the degree of marketization, government efficiency, the rule of law environment, social credit, urban and rural construction, ecological construction, as well as the quality of people's concepts of the hard and soft environment is not adapted to improve the competitiveness of the requirements.
It can be seen that Shandong's competitiveness is not strong for a variety of reasons. Perhaps in addition to the above mentioned aspects, too heavy traditional culture also affects the Shandong people's vigor and enterprising consciousness.
Strategic orientation and combination - land Shandong, air Shandong, sea Shandong, online Shandong
The development of a large province lies in the choice of its strategy to adapt to the choice of the times. In the case of Shandong, according to the environment, the current situation of human resources, may choose "land Shandong", "air Shandong", "sea Shandong" and "online Shandong" four major strategies in parallel. Shandong" four major strategies in parallel mode more adaptable to the challenges of the new century.
Land Shandong - based on developed highway and railroad facilities, increase economic cooperation with sister provinces, and accelerate the pace of urbanization in the central and western regions, give full play to the potential of Shandong's old industrial bases and the driving role of the new industrial cities, and release the energy of the electronics industry, electromechanical, coal and other industries and modern agriculture in Shandong. energy.
Air Shandong - selectively prioritize the development of several emerging cities in Jiaodong region and target them as international metropolis similar to Shanghai. At present, Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai and other cities have a very good foundation, and further towards the development of internationalized cities, with the needs of the economic development of northern China around the Bohai Bay, will be in North China to become another Pearl of East Asia.
Sea Shandong - based on Qingdao and other excellent port cities, the development of marine and biological industries. 21st century is the century of the sea. Shandong should seize the opportunity to develop the marine industry and bio-industry in the eastern cities, and strive to develop into China's preferred base belt for cultivating the sea and animal husbandry.
Online Shandong - Information industry is the most economically dynamic industry today, and is also the leading industry of a province's economic development. Based on Shandong's advanced communication infrastructure, to create a golden bridge network to adapt to the development of the economic era, should be to enhance the competitiveness of the entire economy of Shandong's heavy fist. And at present, the development of electronic information industry in Shandong is strong, for the first time to become the first major industry in Shandong.
The implementation of the four strategies, the fundamental in the talent. At present, Shandong has not been a domestic similar to Tsinghua University, Zhejiang University, Fudan University, Xiamen University, etc. can train high-level scientific and technical personnel of the famous universities. There is no one famous university to do intellectual support, should be the implementation of the four strategies of the fundamental constraints.
On the map of China, the shape of the map of Shandong is like an eagle with its wings out to sea. We are still willing to believe that Shandong, in the next 10 years, prosperous development, sail out to sea.
Hardworking Shandong people, are you ready
Jiangsu's advantage
Five years ago, for most people, "modern service industry" is still a strange word. On July 19 last year, the provincial party committee, the provincial government "to accelerate the development of modern service industry work conference" was held, so that the advanced manufacturing and modern service industry double-wheel drive, create new advantages in the development of jiangsu province's great work of the full title.
Today, one hand to grasp the advanced manufacturing industry, one hand to grasp the modern service industry, to manufacturing industry to drive the service industry, to service industry to promote the manufacturing industry, to accelerate the process of new industrialization, has become the province's up and down the **** knowledge.
"Double wheel effect" the first show of charm
Lens record now, in Suzhou and Shanghai border, Kunshan Huaqiao International Business Center took shape. According to the plan, this area of 50 square kilometers of business city is divided into four functional areas: start-up area, is the business city of finance, office, integrated services, corporate headquarters, such as the agglomeration area; supporting areas, focusing on the development of business hotel, leisure, entertainment and other ancillary services; logistics area, with a planned area of 4,300 acres; control area, with a planned area of 23,000 acres as the next 5-10 years reserved for the development of commerce and trade. The control area, with a planned area of 23,000 acres, is reserved for business development in the next 5-10 years. At present, the International Business Center has attracted more than 20 service industry projects of a certain scale, with a total investment of more than 20 billion yuan, initially forming a comprehensive function of the modern service industry.
Kunshan Huaqiao is just a microcosm of the province's focus on the development of modern service industry, Nanjing Hexi CBD, Lianyungang and other two international business centers have also begun to take shape. Lianyungang business center of the exhibition, port services and other functions are gradually played. Suzhou electronic information products trading center, Nanjing Longtan logistics base, Wuxi Oriental International Textile City and a number of key projects in the service industry to promote the smooth; Wuxi Industrial Design Park, Suzhou Science and Technology Park, Nanjing Software Park and other service industry clusters operate well. All of this has become a vivid illustration of the "double-wheel drive" effect.
One hand grasps the advanced manufacturing industry, one hand grasps the modern service industry, the new strategy has brought new changes. In the first half of this year, the service sector added value of 353.623 billion yuan, an increase of 14.1% year-on-year, the growth rate increased by 1.7 percentage points, a record high in 12 years, the service sector accounted for 36% of GDP, an increase of 1.4 percentage points. A modern service industry development pattern is being constructed with industrialization to provide growth momentum, urbanization to expand employment space, marketization to inject development vitality, internationalization to enhance the level of service, and information technology to enhance technical support.
The call of "addition, subtraction, multiplication and division"
This is a true story that happened in the Wuxi Industrial Design Park. An enterprise to develop a new type of electric car pedal for British customers, after a month of overtime sampling production, spent more than 30,000 yuan, the results were judged by the other side as "unqualified". And when they entrusted the task to a design company, only three days, spent 4,000 yuan to complete the design, and samples sent to the United Kingdom in less than a week, received hundreds of millions of dollars in orders. Here, more than 100 design and independent research and development enterprises continue to create "inspiration reactor", will be a practical creative dedication to society: "simple parking device" so that the car can be parked closely, pick up the car is very convenient, to solve the problem of parking difficulties; "Highway anti-fog device", so that the foggy days under the cover of the highway unimpeded ......
Since the 1980s, economic globalization has accelerated, the rapid flow of international capital, rapid changes in the industrial landscape, the world's center of gravity of the manufacturing industry continues to shift eastward, China actively undertake to take the lead, and the world's manufacturing industry. The center of gravity of the world's manufacturing industry continues to move eastward, China actively undertake the transfer of international manufacturing industry, has become an indispensable link in the global manufacturing industry chain. As a "world processing plant", by 2010, Jiangsu Province, the proportion of global manufacturing industry is expected to reach about 2%. However, it is worth noting that since the 21st century, the global manufacturing industry has seen zero growth, market demand has declined, the development of manufacturing industry must make new breakthroughs.
Grasp the R & D, heavy design, for production and sales of more say, is the province's new industrialization process is essential to the link. Many production enterprises take the initiative to divest the service industry and manufacturing, take the road of specialization, increase investment in research and development. The province alone has more than 80 foreign-funded R&D organizations.
Through the "add, subtract, multiply and divide", adjust the industrial structure, is the province to accelerate industrial upgrading of the reality of the path. "Addition", is to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of Jiangsu's traditional advantages of pillar industries, to play a recent supporting role in the province's economic development. "Subtraction" is to strictly control high energy consumption, high material consumption, high pollution and high-risk industries. "Multiplication", is to speed up the implementation of electronic information, modern equipment manufacturing, biotechnology and new medicine, new materials and other four major industries "double-double" program, and constantly improve the proportion of high-tech industries. In addition to the "method", resolutely eliminate waste of resources, pollution of the environment, backward processes, technology, equipment and products.
Promote the optimization and upgrading of Jiangsu's leading industries, traditional industries and emerging industries, and the development of a new type of industrialization calls for the matching of modern service industries. Actively advocate independent research and development, vigorously develop modern service industry including industrial design, logistics, marketing services, especially the production service industry, is the inevitable choice of Jiangsu's future economic development. By 2010, the added value of the province's service industry will be doubled on the basis of 2004, and the role of the service industry in promoting development and absorbing employment will be more prominent.
Services "counteract" the manufacturing industry
The camera recorded by the Zhangjiagang Free Trade Zone incubated in the Zhangjiagang Free Trade Zone chemicals trading market, the daily spot price has become the price of the chemical market around the country "barometer". As a form of modern service industry born at a certain stage of economic development, the chemical market with the Jiangsu Yangzijiang International Chemical Industrial Park chemical industry chain agglomeration effect of the amplification of rapid growth, at present, the market office area of more than 30,000 square meters, settled in the Chinese and foreign enterprises 538, and through the United States, the United Kingdom, South Korea, Singapore, and other relevant websites networking, the establishment of chemical port information platform, released every day! The information platform of chemical ports is established through networking with relevant websites in the United States, the United Kingdom, South Korea, Singapore, etc. It releases daily the transaction prices of petrochemical products on the New York and London exchanges as well as the price trend of the products in East, South and North China. Commodities include crude oil, toluene, xylene, styrene, ethylene glycol and dozens of other varieties, becoming the country's largest liquid chemicals trading market, this year the turnover of this market will reach 25 billion yuan, industrial and commercial tax revenue of more than 100 million yuan. 2005, the trading market by the China Chemical Industry Association as "China's most competitive chemical trading market tide first.
The level of services development has become an important symbol of the comprehensive competitiveness and modernization of a country and region. From the perspective of global economic development, the industrial structure of developed countries is transforming from an "industrial economy" to a "service economy". 1980-2000, the world trade in services increased by nearly 400%; in 2003, the proportion of trade in services in international trade exceeded 1.2%. In 2003, the proportion of trade in services in international trade exceeded 20%, and the productive service industry has become the fastest growing industry in the world economy.
Our province has entered the transition period of industrialization, accelerated urbanization, economic internationalization and enhancement of the period, the creation of an advanced manufacturing base, inseparable from the high-tech industry-led, advantageous industries to support the modern service industry to match. In turn, the modern service industry to the development of manufacturing industry and expand the space. Calculations show that as long as the existing industrial production logistics costs by 10%, the province's industrial enterprises can add 30 billion yuan of profit. Today, all kinds of products throughout the north and south of the river market, from silk clothing to textile fabrics, from hardware building materials to home supplies, from toys to glasses ...... has been in a wider range of gathering people, business, logistics, capital flow, information flow, not only promotes the flow of commodities, but also led to the development of manufacturing industry, and many have grown into local Many of them have grown to be the leaders of local specialty industries. Some of the large wholesale markets have begun to explore the path of national production, global procurement, Jiangsu distribution, effectively amplifying the industrial advantages of Jiangsu.
With the arrival of the post-industrialization era, the province's modern service industry on the manufacturing industry's countervailing power is bound to be more significant. We look forward to a development and introduction of modern logistics enterprises, construction and cultivation of product trading market taste bigger and better software industry cluster, the development and application of industrial and commercial design platform, the development of scientific and technological innovation and investment service system, the development of a comprehensive well-being of consumer services as the core content of the comprehensive formation of the modern service industry system.