Introduction: Hypertension is a disease that can be controlled, but requires lifelong treatment. Lifelong treatment alone is enough to give people a headache. According to relevant epidemiological studies, it was found that from 2012 to 2015 The prevalence rate of hypertension among adults in my country is 27.9 in 2018. It can be seen intuitively that one in every three adults has hypertension. We can take a closer look at the people around us to see if they are suffering from hypertension. Are they very common?
Hypertension not only exists in the middle-aged and elderly people, but also gradually develops in younger age groups. Therefore, some young friends should not ignore the prevention of hypertension.
There are many factors that influence hypertension. These factors work together to form a comprehensive indicator that affects the development and formation of hypertension.
Ⅰ Demographic related influencing factors
At this point, the main factors that affect the elderly suffering from hypertension include age and gender, pension dependence, BMI index, personal income, personal wealth, The comprehensive impact of multiple aspects such as marital status and sleep time. Age is directly proportional to the prevalence of hypertension, which means that older people are more likely to suffer from high blood pressure, as well as BMI, and people with greater weight are also more likely to suffer from high blood pressure. Residents with a rural household registration type are more likely to suffer from hypertension. , due to the lack of medical insurance and knowledge of the disease, coupled with imperfect medical equipment and systems, even if you know you have high blood pressure, there is no better treatment plan.
Ⅱ Factors related to the prevalence of chronic diseases
If you suffer from myocardial infarction, sudden death, heart disease, kidney disease, stroke and other cardiovascular diseases, they will suffer from high The probability of high blood pressure will be greatly increased. This is because these diseases destroy the normal functions of organs and blood vessels and change the system balance environment in the body, making it easy for high blood pressure to occur.
III Factors related to regional development levels
From the perspective of differences between the north and south, residents in the south have a lower prevalence of hypertension, and vice versa in the north. However, this trend is not Unchanged, in subsequent statistics, it was found that this gap was gradually decreasing. At the same time, the prevalence of hypertension in rapidly developing areas and large and medium-sized cities has increased very rapidly. This may be due to unhealthy lifestyles, occupational diversity, environmental destruction, and bad public relations, all of which can lead to hypertension. Increased prevalence.
ⅣEnvironment-related influencing factors
The air pollution in some cities is more serious, with higher contents of SO2, O3, and PM2.5. People inhale these harmful substances, which can damage the heart and brain. blood vessels, affecting systolic and diastolic blood pressure, increasing the risk of hypertension.
Ⅴ Factors related to family genetics
Hypertension is hereditary to a certain extent. In families that frequently suffer from hypertension, the probability of their offspring suffering from hypertension will be greatly increased. High, the prevalence rate is 31.6. For people without a family history of hypertension, their prevalence rate is much lower, only half of that of people with a history of hypertension. In addition, do not ignore the family heredity of other diseases, such as Stroke and diabetes are also highly heritable and can induce high blood pressure.
There are two drugs for treating hypertension: nifedipine and amlodipine. In clinical experiments, these two drugs have better resistance and treatment effects on hypertension. So these two drugs How to choose actually depends on the patient’s personal constitution.
⑴Nifedipine
As the first generation calcium antagonist, nifedipine has a good effect in preventing calcium overload, directly protects myocardial cells, and can also selectively It effectively inhibits the influx of calcium in the myocardial cell membrane, disconnects the α-adrenergic receptors on the blood vessel membrane, and the excitation-contraction coupling of myocardial cells. The blood vessels and coronary arteries throughout the body gradually open, preventing platelets from aggregating together, and avoiding A condition in which myocardial contractility weakens and myocardial energy and oxygen consumption increases. The effect of this medicine is much faster than that of other drugs. One thing to note is that the effect lasts for a short time and can cause large fluctuations in blood pressure in a short period of time. If there are patients with serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, The use of this drug is not recommended, and the scope of use should be limited.
⑵Amlodipine
Amlodipine is also a calcium antagonist. Its efficacy in inhibiting calcium-induced aortic contraction is more powerful than nifedipine. Twice as much, its effect on vascular smooth muscle is greater than that of nifedipine. The main characteristics are that it increases cardiac blood output and coronary flow, improves myocardial oxygen supply and reduces oxygen consumption, activates LDL receptors, inhibits fat accumulation in the arterial wall and collagen synthesis, so it has a very strong anti-arteriosclerosis effect. . This drug also has shortcomings, including slow oral absorption, long elimination half-life, slow body combination and dissociation, and the possibility of delayed drug effects and delayed onset.
Recommendations:
1. Based on the doctor’s advice, people with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should not use nifedipine.
2. Friends who are not worried about the slow effects of the drug can try amlodipine.
①Maintain weight
Do not consume too much greasy and high-sugar foods when eating, such as fried rice cakes, scones and other delicious foods. The biggest feature is that it has higher calories and contains more fats and sugars. It’s okay to eat it if you like it, but you have to exercise moderation. If you don’t exercise moderation, it is likely to cause fat accumulation in the body, and high blood pressure will slowly surface. . We should eat more fruits and vegetables, because fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins and potassium. Potassium has a very good effect on suppressing high blood pressure. At the same time, pay attention to the light taste and avoid taking in too much salt. The daily salt intake should be divided according to the health regulations.
②Keep exercising
Exercise can increase the elasticity of our blood vessels and allow blood to circulate faster. People who exercise regularly are much less likely to develop high blood pressure than those who do not exercise. In fact, Exercise does not mean that everyone swarms into the gym. If you don’t have time, you can increase the time of walking. Jumping rope after returning home or following the video to exercise are all very good options.
③Daily monitoring
After suffering from high blood pressure, you must learn to use blood pressure measuring instruments and check regularly. High blood pressure changes all the time, and the range of changes is small. We There will not be much abnormality in the body, but if the changes are large, it is likely to cause other uncomfortable symptoms. Therefore, regular examinations can better grasp the body information and avoid sudden changes in high blood pressure without knowing it.
④Smoking and alcohol are prohibited
These two adverse phenomena are ways that many people try to reduce stress. Some people think that smoking and drinking can help them relax better and relax in time. There are many physical and mental ways, and it doesn’t have to be a way that is harmful to our health. We can find someone to talk to about exercise or play games to relax our body and mind.
Conclusion: High blood pressure is no longer a disease exclusive to middle-aged and elderly people. Many young people suffer from high blood pressure. The most important reason is that they consume their bodies excessively and have no awareness of preventing high blood pressure. , being in an unhealthy state for a long time is likely to make high blood pressure more reckless. If you want to be healthy, you can follow the methods we proposed. This is very good for maintaining a healthy body.
References:
[1] Chen Jiao. Analysis of the current status of hypertension and its influencing factors among the elderly in my country [D]. Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2020.
[2]. Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension (2018 Revised Edition) [J]. Chinese Journal of Cardiovascular, 2019, 24(01): 24-56.
[3] Li Suning, Chen Zuo, Wang Zengwu, Wang Xin, Zhang Linfeng, Dong Ying, Zheng Congyi, Wang Jiali, Kang Yuting, Tian Ye, Shao Lan, Zhu Manlu, Gao Runlin. Analysis of the current situation of hypertension in the elderly in my country [J]. Chinese Journal of Hypertension, 2019, 27(02) :140-148.
[4] Shen Zhijian. Comparative analysis of the efficacy of nifedipine and amlodipine in the treatment of essential hypertension [J]. Contemporary Medicine, 2010, 16(20): 147- 148.