There are many types of fire extinguishers, according to its mobile mode can be divided into: portable and cart; according to drive the power source of the extinguishing agent can be divided into: storage cylinder type, storage pressure, chemical reaction type; according to the filled extinguishing agent can be divided into: foam, dry powder, halogenated alkanes, carbon dioxide, acids and alkalis, water and so on.
Fire extinguishers adapt to the fire and the use of methods (portable)
1. Foam fire extinguishers adapt to the fire and the use of methods
Scope of application
Suitable for fighting general class B fires, such as oil products, oil and grease, etc., can also be applied to the class A fires, but can not fight class B fires in the water-soluble flammable, flammable liquids, such as alcohols, esters, ether, ketones and other substances fire; also can not fight class B fires in water-soluble combustible, inflammable liquids, such as alcohols, esters, ether, However, it can't extinguish the fire of water-soluble flammable and flammable liquid in class B fire, such as alcohol, ester, ether, ketone and other material fire; and it can't extinguish the fire of electrified equipment and class C and D fire.
How to use: Hand-held cylinder on the upper part of the ring, quickly run to the fire. It should be noted that the fire extinguisher should not be excessively tilted, not to mention horizontal or upside down, so as not to mix the two agents and sprayed in advance. When the distance from the fire point of about 10 meters, you can turn the cylinder upside down, a hand holding the ring, the other hand to hold the bottom ring of the cylinder, the jet aimed at the burning material. When fighting combustible liquid fire, such as has been flowing combustion, the foam will be sprayed from far and near, so that the foam completely covered in the burning liquid surface; such as burning in the container, the foam should be shot to the inner wall of the container, so that the foam along the inner wall of the flow, and gradually cover the surface of the liquid on fire. Do not spray directly against the liquid surface, so as to avoid the impact of the jet, but the burning liquid scattered or flushed out of the container, expanding the scope of combustion. When fighting solid material fire, the jet should be aimed at the most violent burning. With the shortening of the effective jet distance when extinguishing a fire, the user should gradually approach the burning area and always spray the foam on the burning material until it is extinguished. When used, the fire extinguisher should always be inverted state, otherwise it will interrupt the spray.
(Portable) foam fire extinguishers should be stored in a dry, cool, ventilated and easy to access place, not near the high temperature or may be exposed to the sun, in order to prevent carbonic acid decomposition and failure; winter to take anti-freezing measures to prevent freezing; and should be often wiped out the dust, unclogging the nozzle, so as to keep it open.
2. cart type foam fire extinguishers to adapt to the fire and the use of
The adaptation of the fire and portable chemical foam fire extinguishers are the same.
Usage: When used, generally operated by two people, the first fire extinguisher quickly pushed and pulled to the fire, stopped at about 10 meters from the fire point, by a person after the application of spray hose, hands holding the gun and aimed at the combustion; the other first counterclockwise rotation of the handwheel, will be the screw up to the highest position, so that the cap is open to the full, and then the barrel tilted back to the ground, so that the tie rod touching the ground, and will be valve handle Rotate 90 degrees, you can spray foam to extinguish the fire. If the valve is installed at the gun, the person responsible for operating the gun to open the valve.
Fire extinguishing methods and precautions and portable chemical foam fire extinguishers are basically the same, you can refer to. Because of this kind of fire extinguisher spray distance, continuous spray time is long, and thus can give full play to its advantages, used to fight a larger area of storage tanks or tanker trucks and other places of the incipient fire.
3. Air foam fire extinguishers to adapt to the fire and the use of
Scope of application:
The scope of application is basically the same as the chemical foam fire extinguishers. But the anti-soluble foam extinguisher can also fight water-soluble flammable, combustible liquid fires such as alcohol, ether, ketone and other solvents burning the initial fire.
How to use:
When you use the handheld or shoulder to quickly run to the fire, about 6 meters from the burning material, pull out the safety pin, one hand to hold open the pressure handle, the other hand to hold the gun; pinch to open the pressure handle, open the seal or puncture the sealing piece of the gas cylinder, the air can be sprayed from the mouth of the gun foam. Fire extinguishing method is the same as portable chemical foam fire extinguisher. However, when the air foam fire extinguisher is used, the fire extinguisher should always be kept in an upright position, do not use it upside down or lying down, otherwise it will interrupt the spraying. At the same time should always hold on to open the pressure handle, can not let go, otherwise it will also interrupt the spray.
4. Acid and alkali fire extinguishers adapted to the fire and the use of
Adaptation range:
Suitable for fighting the incipient fire of the burning of class A substances, such as wood, fabric, paper and other burning fires. It can not be used to extinguish the fire of class B material burning, nor can it be used to extinguish class C combustible gas or class D light metal fire. At the same time, it can not be used to fight the fire of electrically charged objects.
Usage:
The use of handheld cylinder should be carried on the upper part of the ring, quickly run to the fire. Never carry the fire extinguisher on your back, can not be overly tilted to prevent the mixture of the two liquids and early injection. In about 6 meters from the burning material, you can turn the fire extinguisher upside down, and shake several times, so that the two liquids to speed up the mix; a hand holding the ring, the other hand to grasp the bottom ring under the cylinder body will be sprayed out of the jet jet aimed at the most intense combustion jet. At the same time as the jet distance shrinks, the user should be pushed closer to the burning place.
5. Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers use
Fire extinguishing as long as the fire extinguisher to mention or carry to the fire, about 5 meters from the burning material, put down the fire extinguisher to pull out the safety pin, one hand to hold the horn cylinder root handle, the other hand to hold tightly to start and stop the valve of the pressure handle. For carbon dioxide fire extinguishers without a spray hose, the flapper should be boarded upward at 70-90 degrees. When using it, you can't grab the outer wall of the horn cylinder or the metal connecting pipe directly with your hand to prevent your hand from being frostbitten. When extinguishing the fire, when the combustible liquid is burning in the form of a stream, the user will spray the jet of carbon dioxide extinguishing agent towards the flame from near to far. If the combustible liquid is burning inside the container, the user should lift the flare. Spray from the upper part of one side of the container into the burning container. However, the carbon dioxide jet should not be directly impacted on the surface of the combustible liquid to prevent the combustible liquid from being flushed out of the container and expanding the fire, resulting in difficulties in extinguishing the fire.
Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers are generally operated by two people, the use of two people together will push or pull the fire extinguisher to the burning place, in about 10 meters from the burning material to stop, a person quickly remove the horn and unfolding the spray hose, hold the horn at the root of the handle, and the other person quickly rotate the handwheel in the counterclockwise direction, and open to the maximum position. Fire extinguishing method is the same as the portable method.
When using carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, used outdoors, should choose to spray in the upwind direction. In the outdoor use of narrow space, the operator should quickly leave after the fire to prevent asphyxiation.
6. 1211 portable fire extinguishers use
When using, should be portable fire extinguishers handle or shoulder fire extinguishers to the fire. In about 5 meters from the burning place, put down the fire extinguisher, first pull out the safety pin, one hand holding the opening handle, the other hand holding the nozzle at the front of the jet hose. If the fire extinguisher does not have a jet hose, you can hold the opening handle with one hand, and the other hand to hold the bottom of the fire extinguisher bottom ring part. First, the nozzle is aimed at the burning place, hold the opening pressure handle, so that the fire extinguisher spray. When the extinguished combustible liquid presents the flow of combustion, the user should be aimed at the root of the flame from near to far and swept left and right, forward quickly, until the flame is extinguished. If the combustible liquid burning in the container, should be aimed at the flame of the left and right swaying sweep, when the flame is driven out of the container, the jet stream followed by the flame sweeping, until the flame is extinguished. However, it should be noted that the jet stream should not be sprayed directly on the surface of the burning liquid to prevent the impulse of the extinguishing agent will be flushed out of the container of combustible liquids and expand the fire, resulting in difficulties in extinguishing the fire. If the combustible solid material to fight the incipient fire, the jet will be aimed at the most intense burning spray, when the flame is extinguished, measures should be taken in a timely manner to prevent it from rekindling. 1211 extinguishers can not be used upside down, can not be lying down, or the extinguishing agent will not be sprayed out. In addition, when used outdoors, should choose to spray in the upwind direction; in the narrow indoor fire, the operator should be quickly evacuated after the fire, because the 1211 extinguishing agent also has a certain degree of toxicity, in order to prevent harm to the human body.
7. Push-type 1211 fire extinguishers to use
Fire fighting is generally operated by two, the first will push or pull the fire extinguisher to the fire, about 10 meters from the burning place to stop, a person to quickly release the jet hose, holding the gun, aimed at the burning place; the other quickly open the valve of the fire extinguisher. Fire extinguishing methods and portable 1211 fire extinguishers are the same.
Push the car type fire extinguisher maintenance
Push the car type fire extinguishing appliance maintenance requirements and portable 1211 fire extinguishers are the same.
8. 1301 fire extinguisher use
1301 fire extinguishers and the use of the same range of 1211 fire extinguishers. But because the 1301 extinguishing agent sprayed into a mist, in the outdoor windy state when used, its ability to extinguish fire is not as high as the 1211 extinguishers, so it should be more in the direction of the upwind spray.
9. dry powder fire extinguishers adapt to the fire and the use of
Sodium bicarbonate dry powder fire extinguishers for flammable, combustible liquids, gases, and electrical equipment for the initial fire; ammonium phosphate dry powder fire extinguishers in addition to the above types of fires, but also to fight the initial fire of the solid class of substances. But they can not fight the metal burning fire.
When extinguishing the fire, you can hand-held or shoulder fire extinguishers quickly run to the scene of the fire, about 5 meters from the burning place, put down the fire extinguisher. If you are outdoors, you should choose to spray in the upwind direction. If the dry powder fire extinguisher used is an external storage pressure type, the operator should hold the gun with one hand and lift the opening ring on the gas cylinder with the other hand. If the opening of the gas cylinder is a handwheel type, turn it in the counterclockwise direction and rotate it to the highest position, then lift the fire extinguisher. When the dry powder is sprayed, quickly sweep it against the root of the flame. If the dry powder fire extinguisher is built-in gas cylinder or pressure storage type, the operator should first pull down the safety pin on the opening handle, then hold the nozzle part of the front end of the spray hose, and press down the opening handle with the other hand to open the fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire. Fire extinguishers with a spray hose or storage pressure extinguishers in use, a hand should always press down the pressure handle, can not be released, otherwise it will interrupt the spray.
Dry powder fire extinguishers to fight flammable, flammable liquid fire, should be aimed at the flame to the Department of sweeping, if the liquid fire is being extinguished is flowing combustion, should be aimed at the root of the flame from near to far, and the left and right sweeping, until all the flames are extinguished. If the combustible liquid is burning inside the container, the user should aim at the root of the flame and sway the sweeping, so that the sprayed dry powder stream covers the whole surface of the container opening; when the flame is driven out of the container, the user should continue to spray until the flame is completely extinguished. When fighting the fire of combustible liquid in the container, it should be noted that the nozzle should not be directly aimed at the liquid surface to prevent the impact of the jet stream from making the combustible liquid splash out and expanding the fire, resulting in difficulties in extinguishing the fire. If when the combustible liquid in the metal container burning time is too long, the wall temperature of the container has been higher than the spontaneous combustion point of combustible liquids, it is very easy to cause the phenomenon of rekindling after fire extinguishing, if used in conjunction with foam fire extinguishers, the fire extinguishing effect is better.
The use of ammonium phosphate dry powder fire extinguishers to fight fires in solid combustibles, should be directed at the most intense combustion spray, and up and down, left and right sweeping. If conditions permit, the user can carry the fire extinguisher along the burning material around the side of the spray, so that the dry powder fire extinguishing agent evenly sprayed on the surface of the burning material, until all the flames are extinguished.
10. The use of cart-type dry powder fire extinguishers
The use of cart-type dry powder fire extinguishers and portable dry powder fire extinguishers use the same.