I. What is X-ray examination?
X-ray examination has a history of more than a hundred years, is a widely used in all parts of the human body to show the body's internal organs, tissues, imaging changes and accordingly diagnostic imaging methods.
It has the following characteristics:
1. It can "see straight through" the body's tissues, organs and foci;
It can see the internal tissues and organs, such as the heart, lungs, bones, and the digestive tract, as well as the morphology of the lesions, their locations, sizes, and adjacencies.
2, with non-invasive observation of living organs;
X-ray examination can not change or destroy the integrity of the body in the case of the morphology and function of the living organ observation, its anatomy and physiology for research. Such as cardiovascular system, urinary system, digestive system, biliary system, etc. X-ray imaging examination.
3, X-ray examination is a radiation damage examination method;
X-ray examination has a certain degree of imperceptible radioactive damage to the human body, and therefore can not be arbitrary X-ray examination, must be under the guidance of the physician to determine the need for the examination, and in the guidance of radiographers to complete the examination.
Two, Χ-ray radiation on the human body what are the hazards?
Rays are harmful to the human body, but how much harm is it? Experts believe that the type and dose of radiation exposure is closely related.
Medical rays are mainly Χ rays, γ rays and β rays, of which Χ rays are the most common, such as ordinary Χ light, CT, imaging and interventional therapy and radiotherapy with Χ knives, etc. γ rays are mainly used in the ECT and radiotherapy devices. In comparison, Χ-rays are more damaging, γ-rays are the second most damaging, and β-rays are the weakest. Moreover, Χ-rays are divided into hard and soft rays according to the frequency, hard rays are easy to penetrate the human body, while soft rays are easy to be absorbed by the human body, so the damage is greater. Radiation damage is proportional to the dose, the larger the dose, the greater the damage.
Generally speaking, medical rays are relatively safe, in addition to the treatment of rays need to be cautious, diagnostic rays are safe and acceptable, such as taking a Χ-ray, CT, etc. will not cause significant harm to the human body. As far as examination is concerned, Χ-ray filming dose is the lowest, followed by CT and imaging.
Experts remind
Medical ray applications need to be based on the needs of the condition, can not come to a full-body filming physical examination, CT full-body scanning, so that a short period of time to receive too much dose on the human body is very damaging.
Three, X-ray protection should pay attention to what problems?
1, infants and young children, pregnant women, especially in the early trimester of pregnancy and fertility of the lower abdomen and gonadal parts of the X-ray examination, must be careful, and if necessary, try to take the appropriate protection;
2, pregnant women and women ready to conceive with other means of examination, should be avoided for X-ray examination;
3, in order to your health, in the X-ray examination
3. For the sake of your health, please listen to the radiographer's arrangement during the X-ray examination;
4. For the non-illuminated parts of the examinee, please cooperate with the medical staff to wear good lead-skinned protective gear;
5. In the fluoroscopy and radiography, other people should not stay in the X-ray examination room, to avoid unnecessary irradiation;
6. The accompanying personnel should wear good protective gear when they are going to support the examinee to avoid being illuminated;
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7. When the warning light outside the room is on, please do not enter the room to avoid unnecessary exposure;
8. Pregnant women and adolescents under 18 years of age are strictly prohibited from undergoing X-ray physical examination.
Please keep in mind the warm reminder!
Four, how can the public avoid accidental exposure?
1, in the hospital to accompany the patient to do radiological diagnosis and treatment, please ask the medical staff to clarify the situation and precautions;
2, in the hospital, please do not trespass, to see the warning signs of ionizing radiation, can not be entered at will, to listen to the staff command;
3, in the unfamiliar places, factories, mines, workshops, waste rooms and other places that may apply ionizing radiation Do not enter the place with danger sign without authorization.
4, if there is a warning light on the premises should be absolutely prohibited from entering;
5, do not pick up unknown metal objects or metal shell objects. Radiation source more encapsulated in a stainless steel shell, more cylindrical, delicate appearance, and general metal bars are not very different, some also have a metal braid. The size of the general ability to check up with the hand, in the hand to play or put in the coat pocket;
6, do not open the unknown container. Radioactive source packaging containers are mostly spherical, cylindrical, can-shaped, the material is mostly lead, cast iron, steel, depleted uranium, plastic, paraffin wax, more than the outside of the package is labeled with a radioactive warning signs. "People also: