First of all, glassware
Glassware is one of the most commonly used instruments in the laboratory. Proper use of various glassware is very important to reduce accidents. Broken glassware is not allowed to be brought into the laboratory. Irreparable glassware should be treated as waste. Before repairing glassware, the residual chemicals should be removed, and laboratory personnel should pay attention to the following matters when using various glassware:
1. Please wear protective gloves when installing the glass tube on the rubber plug or rubber tube. First, grind the two ends of the glass tube flat with fire, and apply water or grease as lubricant at the joint. Don't try to pull the glued glassware to avoid hurting your hands.
2. The broken glass should be put into a special trash can, and washed with water before it is put into the trash can.
3. In the process of vacuum distillation, appropriate protective measures (such as plexiglass baffle) should be taken to prevent the glassware from exploding or breaking and causing personal injury.
4. Ordinary glassware is not suitable for pressure reaction, and it is very dangerous even under low pressure, so it is forbidden to use ordinary glassware for pressure reaction.
5. Don't put the heated glassware on the supercooled table to prevent the glass from breaking due to the rapid temperature change.
Second, the rotary evaporator.
The rotary evaporator is also a commonly used instrument in the laboratory, and the following items should be paid attention to when using it:
1. The applicable pressure of rotary evaporator is generally 10-30? Millimeter mercury.
2. The connecting parts of the rotary evaporator shall be fixed with special clips.
3. The solvent capacity in the rotary evaporation flask should not exceed half.
4. The rotary evaporator must rotate at an appropriate speed.
Third, fume hood.
The function of fume hood is to protect laboratory personnel from toxic and harmful gases, but it can't exhaust all toxic gases. Attention should be paid to the following items when using:
1. Chemicals and experimental instruments cannot be placed at the exit.
2. Don't turn off the ventilation when doing the experiment.
Four, gas cylinders
The substance in the cylinder is often in a high pressure state, which may lead to explosion and other dangers when the cylinder is dumped, heated or operated irregularly. In addition to being explosive and easy to spray, there are many flammable, toxic and corrosive compressed gases in steel cylinders. Therefore, the use of gas cylinders should pay attention to:
1. Features of ordinary safety gas cylinders: ① There should be a clear label on the surface of the gas cylinder, indicating the gas name. (2) The gas cylinders are color-marked. ③ All gas cylinders must be equipped with pressure reducing valves.
2. Storage of gas cylinders: ① Compressed gas is a kind of dangerous goods, so the number of gas cylinders stored in the laboratory should be reduced as much as possible, and it is forbidden to store hydrogen in the laboratory. (2) cylinders should be placed upright against the wall, and measures should be taken to prevent dumping; Avoid exposure and stay away from heat sources, corrosive materials and potential impacts; At the same time, gas cylinders should not be placed in corridors and aisles to prevent accidents such as emergency evacuation. ③ Combustible gas cylinders and combustion-supporting gas cylinders cannot be mixed; The distance between flammable and combustible pressure cylinders and open flames shall not be less than10m; Combustible gas and toxic gas cylinders must be placed outdoors and in standardized safety iron cabinets.
3. Use of gas cylinder: ① Before opening the pressure reducing valve, please clean the water and dust at the outlet of the gas cylinder valve. After the gas cylinder is used up, close the main valve of the gas cylinder, release the excess pressure in the pressure reducing valve, and wear a safety helmet (except those not needed in the original design) to prevent the valve from being damaged. Care must be taken when removing the safety helmet to avoid inadvertently opening the main valve of the cylinder. (2) Gas cylinders cannot be completely emptied (especially acetylene, hydrogen and oxygen cylinders), and a certain positive pressure must be maintained. (3) The gas cylinder must be used in a well-ventilated place with the pressure reducing valve and outlet valve intact, and local ventilation should be increased when toxic gas is involved. (4) Wear protective glasses, masks, gloves and work apron when using gas cylinders containing toxic or corrosive gases. It is forbidden to knock and collide with pressure cylinders. ⑤ It is forbidden to apply oil or grease to pressure reducing valves, valves and pipelines of oxygen cylinders. ⑥ The gas cylinder truck shall be used for gas cylinder transfer and keep upright. At the same time, the pressure reducing valve should be closed.
The above is the introduction of four commonly used laboratory instruments and facilities compiled by Le Information Technology. For laboratory managers, the most important thing to know is that the use of instruments and facilities is only daily operation, and more is the daily management of laboratory work records and laboratories, as well as the daily maintenance of various materials. In the past, many laboratory managers used notes or experience to operate, which led to many unnecessary experimental accidents. Now, laboratory security monitoring software can be used against them. The laboratory management system was born to solve the problems of laboratory management, including the full-cycle management of dangerous chemicals, instrument reservation management, experimental safety monitoring and other functions. Want to know more about laboratory management information, please leave a message for discussion. Thank you!