Starting today, the "Shanghai Domestic Waste Management Regulations", known as the "most stringent garbage classification measures in history", have been officially implemented. According to the regulations, individuals or units who fail to classify and dispose of garbage according to regulations will face penalties. At the same time, many places across the country have also entered the "mandatory era" of garbage classification.
Shanghai: Failure to classify garbage properly may result in huge fines
Before the implementation of the "Shanghai Domestic Waste Management Regulations", the main legal basis for Shanghai's domestic waste classification management included the " Shanghai City Appearance and Environmental Sanitation Management Regulations", "Shanghai Municipal Domestic Waste Collection, Transportation and Disposal Management Measures", "Shanghai Measures for Promoting Domestic Waste Classification and Reduction", etc.
However, what is different from the above-mentioned laws and regulations is that the "Regulations" implemented this time not only achieve full coverage of management areas and management objects, but also increase punishment, so they are also called by the outside world. "The strictest in history."
According to the "Regulations", Shanghai's domestic waste is divided into four categories according to recyclables, hazardous waste, wet waste, and dry waste. Individuals or units that fail to classify garbage according to regulations will face penalties.
According to the "Regulations", in addition to imposing a fine of not less than RMB 50 but not more than RMB 200 for individual mixed investments, a fine of up to RMB 50,000 is stipulated for entities that fail to classify investments in accordance with regulations.
If domestic waste collection and transportation units and disposal units fail to comply with corresponding regulations, fines of up to 100,000 yuan and 500,000 yuan may be imposed respectively. In serious cases, the unit's business service license shall be revoked. In addition, the Regulations also establish a punishment system for breach of trust.
In addition, the "Regulations" also specifically propose "promoting source reduction". It clearly stipulates that catering service providers and catering delivery service providers shall not proactively provide consumers with disposable chopsticks, spoons and other tableware. Hotel operating units shall not proactively provide consumers with disposable daily necessities in guest rooms.
Many places have introduced laws and regulations to punish "mixed garbage"
The implementation of the "Shanghai Domestic Waste Management Regulations" has once again focused the public's attention on the problem of urban domestic waste pollution. superior.
In fact, the process of domestic waste classification in megacities can be traced back to the pilot work of domestic waste classification and collection carried out in 8 cities across the country in 2000. Among the 8 cities, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen are all listed.
In recent years, various regions have successively introduced local regulations and laws.
For example, the "Beijing Municipal Domestic Waste Management Regulations" came into effect as early as March 2012, clarifying the responsibilities and penalties of government departments, property management personnel, collection, transportation and disposal units, and waste generation units. but.
On July 1, 2018, the "Guangzhou Municipal Domestic Waste Classification Management Regulations" came into effect, which stipulates that the legal liability of individuals who fail to classify domestic waste into designated collection points or collection containers will be The comprehensive urban management law enforcement agency shall order corrections and impose a fine of not more than 200 yuan.
The "Xiamen Special Economic Zone Domestic Waste Classification Management Measures" has been implemented since September 10, 2017. It clearly stipulates that units that abandon, dump, or stack domestic waste at will will be fined up to 50,000 yuan. If there is a fine of RMB 1,000, an individual will face a fine of up to RMB 1,000; for uncategorized delivery, an individual will be fined up to RMB 500. Units and individuals that have been punished for multiple violations will be included in the law enforcement "blacklist" system and listed as key law enforcement supervision targets.
In Shenzhen, the "Shenzhen Special Economic Zone Domestic Waste Classification and Disposal Regulations (Draft)" has completed soliciting opinions from the society, and the legislative work is in full swing. Among them, regulations such as the removal of buckets from floors and the 10-fold increase in fines for individuals disposing of domestic waste without classification have triggered heated discussions.
Some media analysts said that large cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou have entered the "mandatory era" of garbage classification.
Strengthening law enforcement in various places: Shanghai stipulates that videos taken by residents can be used as evidence
As laws and regulations are promulgated one after another, how to implement them has become the issue of greatest concern to the public.
The reporter noticed that many cities have begun to strengthen law enforcement and supervision, so that the law is no longer just "lying on paper."
For example, in August 2018, a Guangzhou citizen was fined 200 yuan by the urban management law enforcement department for throwing away bulky garbage without classifying it. He became the first individual in Guangzhou to be punished for violating this regulation.
In Shanghai, in order to ensure the implementation of the "Shanghai Domestic Waste Management Regulations", Shanghai has established a two-way supervision mechanism of "no classification, no collection and transportation, no classification, no disposal", which has basically been completed to cover classified transportation, A full-process information supervision platform from classification transfer to terminal disposal.
In addition, Shanghai’s garbage classification law enforcement and inspections have also been strengthened unprecedentedly. From January 1st to June 25th this year, the city’s urban management law enforcement departments conducted more than 13,900 law enforcement inspections and investigated and dealt with illegal cases in accordance with the law. There were 1,224 cases, 13,739 people were dissuaded by education, and 7,822 cases were urged to make corrections.
Regarding related evidence collection issues, the Shanghai Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau stated that in addition to inspection findings, "photos or videos taken by surveillance probes, residents and volunteers" can also be used as evidence after review.
This year, cities at the prefecture level and above have fully launched domestic waste classification work
In recent years, China is accelerating the implementation of the garbage classification system at the national level.
In March 2017, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the "Implementation Plan for the Domestic Waste Classification System", requiring the implementation of mandatory domestic waste classification in 46 cities across the country.
The 46 cities include: Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing, Shijiazhuang, Handan, Taiyuan, Hohhot, Shenyang, Dalian, Changchun, Harbin, Nanjing, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Hefei, Tongling, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Nanchang, Yichun, Zhengzhou, Jinan, Tai'an, Qingdao, Wuhan, Yichang, Changsha, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Nanning, Haikou, Chengdu, Guangyuan, Deyang, Guiyang, Kunming, Lhasa, Shigatse, Xi'an, Xianyang, Lanzhou, Xining, Yinchuan, Urumqi.
In June 2019, nine departments including the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment jointly issued the "Notice of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other departments on comprehensively carrying out domestic waste classification work in cities at the prefecture level and above nationwide" .
The "Notice" proposes that it will be decided to comprehensively launch domestic waste classification work in cities at the prefecture level and above nationwide from 2019. By the end of 2020, 46 key cities will basically have established waste classification and processing systems. By 2025, Cities at prefecture level and above across the country have basically established domestic waste classification and treatment systems.
At the same time, China's waste classification work has also made progress.
The results of the 2018 household survey in 46 key cities conducted by the "China Livelihood Survey" research team of the Development Research Center of the State Council showed that 38.3 households classified domestic waste, an increase of 11.4% from 2017.
According to data from the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, as of now, 134 central units and provincial agencies have fully implemented domestic waste classification; 46 key cities have equipped nearly 5,000 food waste classification transport vehicles, and hazardous waste classification There are nearly 1,000 transport vehicles.
In addition, 46 key cities will invest 21.3 billion yuan in 2019 to continue to accelerate the construction of treatment facilities to meet the needs for classification and treatment of domestic waste.