Accelerate the construction of natural disaster monitoring and early warning system, improve the natural disaster monitoring network, strengthen the construction of natural disaster monitoring stations such as meteorology, hydrology, earthquake, geology, agriculture, forestry, ocean, grassland and wildlife foci, strengthen information sharing among departments, and avoid redundant construction. Improve the natural disaster reporting and statistical verification system, pay special attention to the construction of disaster monitoring infrastructure below the county level, increase the density of various natural disaster monitoring stations, optimize the functional layout, and improve the monitoring level. Improve the mechanism of natural disaster prediction and early warning and information release, and strengthen the capacity building of natural disaster early warning.
Strengthen the construction of national spatial information infrastructure for disaster prevention and mitigation, gradually improve the systems of small satellite constellation, meteorological satellite, marine satellite, resource satellite and aerial remote sensing for environmental and disaster monitoring and forecasting, promote the construction of "4+4" constellation for on-orbit environmental and disaster monitoring and forecasting, strengthen the construction of staring satellite for disaster monitoring and early warning in geostationary orbit, and improve the comprehensive observation ability, high-resolution observation ability and emergency observation ability of natural disasters. Strengthen the connection with relevant planning, integrate the needs of various satellite applications, make overall plans for the development of satellites, satellite applications and related infrastructure, and improve the comprehensive observation capability of satellites and the comprehensive application capability of ground systems. Make full use of all kinds of civil and military earth observation methods and wireless sensor networks at home and abroad to improve the three-dimensional monitoring ability and operational level of large-scale, all-weather, all-day, multi-factor, high-density and integrated natural disasters.
(two) to strengthen disaster prevention and mitigation information management and service capacity building.
Improve the level of disaster prevention and mitigation information management, scientifically plan and effectively use all kinds of information resources at all levels, expand information acquisition channels and means, improve the level of information processing and analysis, and improve the standards and norms for disaster information collection, transmission, processing and storage. Demonstrate the establishment of a national comprehensive disaster prevention and mitigation database, improve the dynamic update mechanism of disaster information, improve the security protection standard of information systems, and ensure the information security of disaster prevention and mitigation.
Strengthen the information sharing ability of disaster prevention and mitigation, demonstrate the construction of a national comprehensive disaster reduction and risk management information platform, improve the level of information integration, intelligent processing and service of disaster prevention and mitigation, and strengthen the interconnection, sharing and collaborative service of disaster prevention and mitigation information of relevant departments at all levels. Make full use of satellite communication, radio and television, internet, navigation and positioning technology and mobile information terminals, improve the ability of information acquisition, remote consultation, public service and emergency support, and promote the construction of "digital disaster reduction" project.
(3) Strengthen the capacity building of natural disaster risk management.
Strengthen the national comprehensive risk management of natural disasters, improve disaster risk reduction measures, establish a natural disaster risk transfer and sharing mechanism, and accelerate the establishment of a disaster investigation and evaluation system. Taking the county level as the investigation unit, we will carry out a national survey on natural disaster risk and disaster reduction capacity, find out the base, establish and improve the database, and improve the ability to update the status quo. Establish a national and regional comprehensive disaster risk assessment index system and assessment system, study the comprehensive risk assessment methods and critical conditions of natural disasters, and carry out pilot and demonstration work of comprehensive risk assessment.
Establish and improve the national natural disaster assessment system, continuously improve the levels of risk assessment, emergency assessment, loss assessment, social impact assessment and performance assessment, improve the comprehensive assessment mechanism of major natural disasters, and improve the scientific, standardized and standardized level of disaster assessment. Combined with the feasibility study of major projects, production and construction, regional development and other projects, we will carry out pilot work of natural disaster risk assessment, rationally utilize natural resources and pay attention to ecological protection. Study and establish a preventive mechanism to reduce natural disasters caused by human factors.
(four) to strengthen the construction of natural disaster engineering defense capabilities.
Strengthen the construction of key disaster prevention and mitigation projects, such as flood control and drought relief, earthquake prevention and earthquake resistance, cold and frost resistance, wind and tide resistance, sand prevention and control, forest and grassland fire prevention, pest control, wildlife epidemic prevention and control, and improve the engineering defense capability of serious natural disasters. Improve the disaster prevention performance of urban and rural buildings (structures), especially crowded places, major construction projects and lifeline projects, and promote the construction of safe school buildings and safe hospitals.
Strengthen the management of small and medium-sized rivers and the reinforcement of dangerous reservoirs, the prevention and control of geological disasters in mountain torrents and the comprehensive management of ecological environment in prone areas, and increase investment in projects such as renovation of dilapidated buildings, farmland water conservancy facilities, drought-resistant emergency water sources, rural drinking water safety, and agricultural machinery disaster prevention and mitigation operations. Accelerate the implementation of key management of hidden dangers of natural disasters and the relocation and avoidance of residents.
(five) to strengthen the regional and urban and rural grassroots disaster prevention and mitigation capacity building.
Coordinate the construction of regional disaster prevention and mitigation capacity, and closely combine disaster prevention and mitigation with regional development planning, construction of main functional areas, optimization and upgrading of industrial structure and improvement of ecological environment. Improve the fortification standards of urban and rural buildings and public facilities, and strengthen the disaster-resistant capacity building of urban and rural transportation, communications, radio and television, electricity, gas supply, water supply and drainage networks, schools, hospitals and other infrastructure. Vigorously promote the capacity building of disaster prevention and mitigation in large and medium-sized cities, urban agglomerations, densely populated areas, economic concentrated areas and economic development zones, effectively use existing places such as schools, parks and stadiums, build or transform urban and rural emergency shelters, and establish a new model of comprehensive disaster prevention and mitigation in cities.
Strengthen the capacity building of urban and rural grass-roots disaster prevention and mitigation, improve the system and mechanism of urban and rural grass-roots disaster prevention and mitigation, improve the emergency plan for natural disasters in township streets, organize drills in a timely manner, and strengthen the capacity building of early warning information release. Continue to carry out the "National Comprehensive Disaster Reduction Demonstration Community" activities, and strengthen the family preparedness for disaster prevention and reduction in urban and rural grassroots communities. Combined with the construction of new socialist countryside, efforts should be made to improve rural disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities. Increase support for disaster prevention and mitigation capacity building in old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas with serious natural disasters.
(six) to strengthen the capacity building of natural disaster emergency and recovery and reconstruction.
Strengthen the construction of the national natural disaster emergency rescue command system, establish and improve the disaster emergency management system with unified command, comprehensive coordination, classified management, graded responsibility and territorial management as the mainstay and a coordinated and orderly operation mechanism. Adhere to the combination of government-led and social participation, and establish and improve the collaborative linkage mechanism for emergency rescue and disaster relief.
Strengthen the construction of emergency equipment for disaster relief, study and formulate standards for emergency technical equipment for disaster relief at all levels, and comprehensively strengthen the construction of special vehicles, helicopters, ships and mechanical equipment for life detection, communication and broadcasting, rescue and search. Priority should be given to strengthening emergency equipment in underdeveloped and disaster-prone areas in the west.
Strengthen the construction of emergency support capacity of disaster relief materials, formulate material reserve planning, expand the coverage of reserves, enrich the types of material reserves, and improve the efficiency of material allocation. Give full play to the role of all kinds of resources in emergency relief material support, improve the emergency production capacity of important relief materials, and use the national strategic material reserve, national defense transportation material reserve and enterprise reserve to establish and improve the emergency relief material support mechanism with government reserves as the mainstay, social reserves as the supplement, military-civilian compatibility and peacetime and wartime integration.
Strengthen the construction of the living support capacity of the affected people, promote the construction of a long-term guarantee mechanism for relief funds that is compatible with the national economic and social development level and the actual living needs of the affected people, improve the natural disaster relief policies, enrich natural disaster relief projects, raise the subsidy standards for natural disaster relief funds in a timely manner, and improve the relief quality and living support level of the affected people. Strengthen the capacity building of centralized treatment for the wounded and sick in serious natural disasters.
Strengthen the capacity building of post-disaster recovery and reconstruction, establish and improve the recovery and reconstruction evaluation system and major project hearing system, and do a good job in recovery and reconstruction needs assessment, planning and site selection, project implementation and technical support. Strengthen psychological assistance to the affected people, improve the capacity of urban and rural housing, infrastructure, public service facilities, industry, ecological environment, organizational system and social relations, and improve the supervision level of recovery and reconstruction.
(seven) to strengthen the disaster prevention and mitigation of science and technology support capacity building.
Strengthen scientific research on disaster prevention and mitigation, carry out research on the formation mechanism and evolution law of natural disasters, and focus on scientific research on natural disaster early warning, major natural disaster chain, interaction between natural disasters and socio-economic environment, and natural disaster risk under the background of global climate change. Formulate the national science and technology plan for disaster prevention and mitigation, and attach importance to interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary scientific research on disaster prevention and mitigation.
Strengthen the application research of key technologies such as remote sensing, geographic information system, navigation and positioning, triple play, Internet of Things and digital earth in the field of disaster prevention and mitigation, and promote the integrated transformation and application demonstration of scientific and technological achievements in disaster prevention and mitigation. Develop new materials, new products and new equipment for disaster prevention and reduction. Establish a technical standard system for disaster prevention and mitigation, and improve the standardization level of disaster prevention and mitigation.
Strengthen scientific exchanges and technical cooperation in disaster prevention and mitigation, introduce and absorb international advanced disaster prevention and mitigation technologies, and promote the construction of State Key Laboratories, Engineering Technology Research Centers and Asian Regional Catastrophe Research Centers in the field of disaster prevention and mitigation. Promote the development of disaster prevention and mitigation industries, improve industrial development policies, and strengthen the supporting role of national strategic emerging industries in the field of disaster prevention and mitigation.
(8) Strengthen the capacity building of social mobilization for disaster prevention and reduction.
Improve the social mobilization mechanism for disaster prevention and mitigation, establish smooth channels for social participation in disaster prevention and mitigation, improve policies and measures to encourage enterprises, institutions, social organizations and volunteers to participate in disaster prevention and mitigation, establish a compensation mechanism for natural disaster relief and requisition, and form a good atmosphere for the whole society to actively participate. Give full play to the role of charitable organizations in disaster prevention and mitigation, improve the social donation management mechanism for natural disasters, and strengthen the management, use and supervision of donated funds and materials.
Give full play to the role of social organizations, grassroots autonomous organizations and the public in disaster prevention, emergency rescue, disaster relief donation, medical assistance, health and epidemic prevention, recovery and reconstruction, and post-disaster psychological intervention. To study and formulate guiding opinions on strengthening volunteer services for disaster prevention and mitigation, and support grassroots communities to establish volunteer teams for disaster prevention and mitigation. Improve the knowledge and skills of volunteers in disaster prevention and mitigation, and promote the development and growth of the volunteer team in disaster prevention and mitigation.
Establish and improve the disaster insurance system, give full play to the role of insurance in disaster risk transfer, broaden the channels of disaster risk transfer, and promote the establishment of a standardized and reasonable disaster risk sharing mechanism.
(nine) to strengthen the construction of disaster prevention and mitigation talents and professional teams.
We will comprehensively promote the implementation of the talent strategy for disaster prevention and mitigation, make overall plans to develop talent resources for disaster prevention and mitigation, expand the total number of teams, optimize team structure, improve team management, and improve team quality, and form a disaster prevention and mitigation team with disaster prevention and mitigation management and professional talent teams as the backbone, various disaster emergency rescue teams as the assault force, and disaster prevention and mitigation social workers and volunteers as the auxiliary forces.
Strengthen personnel training in scientific research, engineering technology, disaster relief and administrative management of disaster prevention and mitigation, combine the characteristics of disaster relief work, strengthen the construction of disaster relief teams, regularly carry out targeted training and skills training, and cultivate and develop a multi-functional, professional and part-time team of disaster relief, combining military and civilian, and combining peacetime and wartime. Give full play to the role of the People's Liberation Army, Armed Police Force, public security police, medical and health care, mine rescue, militia reserve, national defense mobilization and other related professional support teams, the Red Cross and social voluntary forces in disaster relief work. Strengthen the construction of grassroots disaster information staff and promote the construction of social work personnel for disaster prevention and reduction.
Strengthen the construction of disciplines related to natural disasters and risk management in higher education, expand the scale of graduate students and undergraduates in related majors, and pay attention to the cultivation of professional and technical talents and urgently needed talents. Strengthen the construction of expert committees of disaster reduction committees at all levels and give full play to the advisory role of experts in disaster prevention and reduction.
(ten) to strengthen the construction of disaster prevention and mitigation culture.
Take the cultural construction of disaster prevention and mitigation as an important part of strengthening socialist cultural construction, and take the cultural service of disaster prevention and mitigation as an important part of the national public cultural service system to improve the soft power of comprehensive disaster prevention and mitigation. Strengthen the people's governments at all levels of responsibility for disaster prevention and mitigation, improve the level of disaster risk management and emergency management of leading cadres at all levels, and improve the working mechanism of government departments, social organizations and news media to carry out publicity and education on disaster prevention and mitigation.
Enhance the awareness and cultural literacy of disaster prevention and mitigation in all walks of life. In conjunction with the National Day for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation and the International Day for Disaster Reduction, various forms of publicity and education activities on disaster prevention and mitigation will be organized. Incorporate disaster prevention and mitigation education into the national education system, strengthen the knowledge and skills education of disaster prevention and mitigation in primary and secondary schools and kindergartens, and incorporate the popularization of disaster prevention and mitigation knowledge and technology into the "three rural areas" activities of culture, science and technology and health. Regularly carry out evacuation drills and self-help and mutual rescue drills to improve the public's ability to cope with natural disasters.
Innovate the forms of publicity and education on knowledge and skills of disaster prevention and mitigation, strengthen the construction of cultural sites for disaster prevention and mitigation, give full play to the important role of public cultural sites at all levels, promote the construction of publicity and education bases for disaster prevention and mitigation and the national publicity and education network platform for disaster prevention and mitigation, and give play to the publicity, education and warning functions of major natural disaster sites and related memorial halls.