Sterilized water for injection is pure water, which does not contain any electrolytes and sugar, that is to say, the osmotic pressure is zero. If it is used for intravenous injection, the endothelial cells of blood vessels and blood cells have a certain osmotic pressure, then the water for injection will enter the cells directly, and the cells will swell or even rupture if they absorb a lot of water, resulting in hemolysis and vascular damage, so the water for injection should not be injected directly into the vein.
Prior to use, under the condition of avoiding bacteria operation, according to the required amount of sterile syringe to suck to join or measure to join or directly rinse.
Currently and in the past clinical care, whether intravenous rehydration or dilute drugs intravenous drip, basically the application of sugar or saline solution, very few applications of water for injection (the reason may be afraid of hypotonic solution caused by hemolysis).
Expanded:
In some special pathologies, the use of water for injection is more necessary and plays a role in metallurgical treatment, such as diabetes mellitus hyperosmolar coma, hyperosmolar dehydration with the inability to eat, diabetes mellitus complicating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and dietary difficulties, Diabetes mellitus with cardiac and renal insufficiency and sodium and water retention.
In these states, whether it is to treat the disease, or to supplement the physiological needs, the application of sugar and salt solution are subject to certain restrictions, improper input not only does not work, but will aggravate the condition.
If a certain amount of water for injection is used to replace part of the sugar or salt solution, it is of great benefit to the condition. The pH of water for injection is 7, which is neutral.
Reference: