Optoelectronics Industry
What is Optoelectronics Industry?
China Optical Network
The microelectronics industry, based on silicon as a raw material, changed the world in the 20th century. Major inventions such as semiconductors, computers and atomic energy have opened a new chapter in the fields of industrial and agricultural production, energy power, communication and information processing, health care, military science and technology, culture and art. In people's daily lives, computers, television, telephone, magnetic cards ...... microelectronics plays an indispensable role.
The optoelectronics industry includes information optoelectronics, energy optoelectronics, consumer optoelectronics, military optoelectronics, software and networks and other fields. Optoelectronics technology is not only a comprehensive inheritance of compatible electronic technology, but also has a microelectronics incomparable superior performance, a broader range of applications, the optoelectronics industry has become the 21st century's most attractive sunrise industry.
Scientists predict that, with the potential of optoelectronics to explore, the output value of this industry will reach 50,000,000,000,000 U.S. dollars in 2010, becoming the largest industry in the 21st century.
Optoelectronics industry - the first leading industry in the 21st century
China Economic Times
As we all know, the 21st century is the era of the information economy, the information industry will become a pillar industry. Take the United States as an example, the information industry accounted for 8% of the U.S. GDP between 1995 and 1998, but its contribution to the U.S. economic growth reached 35%, and it is said that by 2006, nearly half of the labor resources in the United States will be employed by the information industry. The development of the information industry is closely linked to the development of photonics.
Feng Songlin, director of the Institute of Semiconductor Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a researcher, believes that if microelectronics technology promotes the rapid development of information technology represented by computers, the Internet, fiber-optic communications, etc., changing people's lifestyles, making the knowledge economy is beginning to appear, so with the development of information technology, high-capacity fiber-optic communication network construction, optoelectronics technology will play an increasingly important role.
The U.S. government's response to the crisis has been to develop a new technology that can be used to improve the quality of life.
The U.S. Department of Commerce pointed out that: "In the 1990s, the world's photonics industry than the microelectronics industry, much higher than the speed of development, who has taken the initiative in the optoelectronics industry, who will be in the 21st century in the battle of cutting-edge science and technology to win the championship". Japan's "Call" monthly magazine also has a similar comment: "the 21st century has the representative significance of the leading industries, the first is the photoelectronics industry, the second is the information and communication industry, the third is the health and welfare industry ......", it can be asserted that photoelectronics technology will be following microelectronics technology again to promote the revolution of human science and technology.
He said that optoelectronic devices and components are widely used in long-distance large-capacity fiber-optic communications, optical storage, optical display, optical interconnections, optical information processing, laser processing, laser medical and military weaponry, and is expected to play an important role in the future of optical computing.
The world's rapid development of optoelectronics technology
Wu Hequan, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that today's fiber-optic communications technology, the development of the speed far exceeded the original people's expectations, fiber optics has become an important transmission medium of the communications network, the world is now about 60% of the communications business by fiber-optic transmission, to the end of the 20th century will reach 85%. However, from the point of view of the overall level of fiber-optic communication, it is still in the primary stage, and the great potential of fiber-optic communication has not been fully developed. At present, a variety of new technologies are emerging, dense wavelength division multiplexing technology (DWDM, in the same fiber to transmit multiple optical signals of different wavelengths to improve the transmission capacity of a single optical fiber), erbium-doped fiber amplifier technology (EDFA, can be directly amplified optical signals, with high output power, low noise, gain bandwidth, etc.) has made breakthroughs and has been widely used. Now DWDM systems and optical transmission equipment, the proportion of optoelectronic technology from the past proportion of less than 10% to 90%. A new type of light-wave communication that does not require any photoelectric conversion - "all-optical communication" - is maturing due to advances in wave division multiplexing and erbium-doped fiber amplifier technology, and will be used for the first time in trans-Pacific and Atlantic communication systems, which will bring a dynamic opportunity to the global communication industry. This has given the global communications industry a new lease of life. This is supported by semiconductor optoelectronic devices and components. Optoelectronic devices and technologies have formed a fast-growing, huge optoelectronics industry, the development of the national economy plays an increasingly large role. The U.S. Optoelectronics Industry Revitalization Association estimates that by 2003, the total output value of the optoelectronics industry will reach 200 billion U.S. dollars.
Feng Songlin that the rapid growth of Internet applications on the telecommunications backbone network bandwidth to put forward more and more high demand, in order to meet the demand for growth, people can lay more optical fiber, or by improving the single optical information traffic (now the backbone network can be working at 2.5Gbps and 10Gbps respectively, and has a demonstration of 40Gbps equipment). But the more important method is to rely on the development of wavelength division multiplexing technology, increase the number of optical fiber passes through the road (optical wavelength division multiplexing experimental record has reached 2.64Tbps). The widespread use of wavelength-division multiplexing technology provides a broad, fast-growing market for optoelectronic devices and components. Infinite Strategies reports: "The market for 1.31μm and 1.55μm lasers for signaling reached $1.3 billion in 1999, a 23% increase over 1998; 1.48μm signal amplification lasers had a 1999 market share of $160 million, a 33% increase over 1998; and 980nm signal amplification lasers reached $290 million, a 121% increase over last year. last year, an increase of 121%. The overall laser market share was $1.8 billion in 1999 and is expected to reach $3 billion in 2003."
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2 Optoelectronics industry
China's optoelectronics technology and industry mixed
Wuhan Post and Telecommunications Academy of Sciences, the former president of the Chinese Academy of Engineering Zhao Zisen told reporters on the phone in the past 10 years, China's optoelectronics research in the country's "863" program and the support of the relevant departments with the rapid progress in many areas of advanced foreign countries only two or three years away, individual areas are also in the world's leading position, but also in the field of optoelectronics technology. Individual fields are also in the world's leading position.
Domestic optoelectronics industry base in the optoelectronic devices, components and subsystems (such as lasers, detectors, optical transceiver modules, EDFA, passive optical devices) has occupied a large domestic market share, initially with the ability to compete with large foreign companies, in the absence of market protection, rely on their own power to fight for a place in the market year by year there is a greater growth in marketing, individual products have also made the international market related products. Individual products have also achieved the largest sales volume of related products in the international market. China's corresponding research and development bases and high-tech companies in this field of many products to fill the gaps in the domestic products to break the monopoly of foreign products in the market, while striving to enter the international market.
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is a key component of high-speed and high-capacity fiber-optic communication system, and the products of domestic enterprises account for 40% of the domestic market. China is also a few countries in the international arena have the ability to develop PIC and OEIC. 808nm high-power lasers and their pumped solid-state green lasers, 670nm red lasers have been productized and commercialized and mass occupation of the international market. Domestic mobile communications fiber optic repeater used in the optoelectronic devices, 90% of the use of domestic devices, domestic 1.55μm DFB laser over foreign devices, occupying 100% of the domestic market.
But we should realize that in the development of China's optoelectronics technology, optoelectronic devices, components, although optical communications, optical display, optical storage and other high-tech industry, but in the overall system and equipment costs accounted for a small proportion of the lower value of its output, the current scientific research and development is mainly in the stage of tracking and small batch production, optoelectronics industry, the scale of the required, industrialized production technology is not yet a substantial breakthrough; domestic and foreign devices to beat the DFB lasers, occupying 100% of the domestic market. There has been no substantial breakthrough; domestic research and production of optoelectronic devices and components of a considerable part of the machine and system requirements have not been able to meet, resulting in foreign devices to occupy a considerable share of the domestic market; in the mechanism has not been rid of the scientific research, production, the market is detached from each other's situation.
China's optoelectronics technology is a relatively small gap with the international level of a field, and the world's developed countries almost the same time the start. But we should be soberly aware of the backwardness of China's manufacturing technology and materials level is limited, and the international optoelectronics industry has entered an accelerated stage of development, leaving us only 3 to 5 years, if we do not enter the current industrialization of the technology development stage, we will lose a good opportunity. The opportunity is not lost, the time will not come again, to the late stage of industrialization will take several times the force to make up for it, may be completely lost, subject to others.
If a country does not invest enough in one generation of components to develop its own capabilities, it will give foreign competitors the opportunity to enter and occupy the market for the next few generations of technology. Therefore, in the key devices, components, etc., through the introduction of social capital and venture capital, intellectual property rights, developers shareholding and other ways to accelerate the pace of industrialization of China's optoelectronics achievements, and encourage researchers to transform the results. As long as the implementation of the "some for, some for not" approach, pay close attention to innovation and high-tech achievements, break the boundaries of the industry, according to the market mechanism of the United Nations within the relevant research and development units, *** with the work of industrialization of optoelectronics, we will certainly be able to develop China's optoelectronics, is expected to make breakthroughs in research, in the formation of industry economies of scale, to achieve China's rightful share of the market in this field. (Reporter Yang Mingwei )
Prospects for the development of optoelectronic industry
Cheng Degui (Taiwan Optoelectronics Technology Industry Association)
Photonics technology is a combination of optics, electronics and electrical technology of the advanced technology, due to the high technological threshold in the early days, favoring the development of national defense and aerospace fields, and laser-related applications. In the past decade or so, photoelectricity related technology has been advancing by leaps and bounds, and the variety of products has been constantly updated, and its applications are even more far-reaching, expanding the level of communication, information, biochemical, medical, industrial, energy, people's livelihood and other fields. Looking to the future of the optoelectronics industry, in the lightweight, portability, low power consumption, high efficiency, integration of strong characteristics, will be more in-depth in various industrial applications.
Optoelectronic products have become the focus of attention due to the wide range of applications, recently, whether in the communications network, multimedia information society and other hot applications, photoelectric products play an important role, so many professionals have foreseen that the twenty-first century will belong to the "light" of the century. For this reason, whether Japan, the United States, Europe and other advanced countries, or emerging countries in Asia-Pacific are unanimously optimistic about the potential of the photovoltaic industry, the potential for future growth of the photovoltaic market have high hopes, and actively involved in the development of the photovoltaic industry.
The development of Taiwan's optoelectronic industry has always been closely linked to the international market pulse, although the overall economic aspects of the global economy in 2001 is not ideal, but the optoelectronic industry still has relatively good results. This article will be on the world's optoelectronic market size of the growth and development of Taiwan's optoelectronic industry experience to discuss.
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3 Optoelectronics Industry
Table 1 Optoelectronics Product Definition Scope
World Optoelectronics Market
Please refer to Table 2 for changes in the world optoelectronics market . According to the statistics of PIDA (Taiwan Optoelectronic Technology Industry Association), the world optoelectronic market scale in 2001 was estimated at US$158.2 billion, compared with the market value of US$160.3 billion in 2000, with an annual growth rate of -1.28%, which is the first time in the past years that we have seen a decline in the situation. The meaning behind the generation that the optoelectronic market is also affected by the downturn in the international economy, this situation is also sufficient to show that the optoelectronic industry has been an important part of the high-tech industry, so with the changes in the economy tend to be synchronized.
Table 2 world optoelectronics industry market value statistics
In 2001, the world's optoelectronics market, accounting for the largest size of the optical communications category, the market value of 39,033 million U.S. dollars, accounting for the optoelectronics market 24.67%, but the market also declined to -14.88%. Mainly due to the global communications market demand in 2000 after the peak period, with the concept of network communication bubble, so that the industry tends to conservative investment in communications networks and equipment. It is expected that after the stabilization of the international economy, the market demand for optical communication will recover rapidly, and the market size will reach 70,204 million US dollars in 2004.
Optical storage market in the second, optical storage products are divided into two categories of storage devices and media, in the storage device because of the rise of erasable products, coupled with the DVD generation alternation effect, so that the product structure has been a big change in the storage media is in the disk factory expansion under the excessive, the price by a considerable degree of competition. 2001 optical storage market growth rate has also shown a decline in the situation for the
The optical storage market growth rate in 2001 also showed a decline in the situation, for 3.74%, the market value of 33,663 million U.S. dollars, is expected in 2004 when the market will expand to 39,639 million U.S. dollars.
The flat panel display market, which is known for its flat panel display features, surpassed the optical input market for the first time in 2000, and ranked third in the overall market in 2001, accounting for 20.11% of the total market share. TFT-LCD products as the main body, accounting for the market ratio of a fairly important position, by Taiwan manufacturers in 2001, one after another into the stage of mass production, oversupply has led to TFT-LCD prices fell sharply, making the market size of 3,181.2 billion U.S. dollars, the growth rate of only a slight increase of 7.61%. Expected in the PDP and projector products are gradually maturing, is expected to become the new focus after the LCD, LED display flat panel display. It is expected to reach 42,353 million dollars by 2004, and may jump to the second place in the market share.
Through the stage of fierce competition in the market of optical output products, as well as the impact of the market demand did not take off, the market value showed slight changes in 2001, the world market value of 28,327 million U.S. dollars, compared with the year 2000, a small growth of 1.26%, it is expected that by 2004, the market value of the market is still 30,628 million U.S. dollars, but the proportion of the market is likely to decline.
As for the optoelectronic components market in the optoelectronic application environment under the trend of maturity, including LED, LD and optical components and other market size have maintained a stable growth rate, from 20,580 million U.S. dollars in 2001 to 31,559 million U.S. dollars in 2004. Although the proportion of lasers and other optoelectronic applications is not large, but in the laser processing machine and medical laser market is expanding, the market value is expected to expand from 4,800 million U.S. dollars in 2001 to 6,350 million U.S. dollars in 2004.
Taiwan optoelectronic industry
Taiwan optoelectronic industry for the current focus on the development of one of Taiwan's science and technology industries, its performance can also be reflected in the rapid growth of the output value, on the PIDA statistics, Taiwan's optoelectronic output value in 2001 to reach $ 404.2 billion Taiwan dollars, compared with the total output value of $ 334.4 billion in 2000, an increase of 20.86%, but relative to the trend of the previous years. However, compared with the trend of previous years, the growth rate has slowed down. Under the assumption that the investment environment in Taiwan has not yet improved significantly and the international competitive environment has become more and more intense, PIDA takes a conservative stance in estimating the growth rate of the output value in the future, and does not rule out the possibility of single-digit growth of the output value in the future.
Table 3 shows that the output value of Taiwan's optoelectronics industry is 46.44% of the total output value of flat panel displays (187.7 billion yuan), which is the first of the six categories of sub-industries. The second is the optical storage (31.79%) output value also amounted to 128.5 billion yuan. The third is the optical output industry (12.14%), the fourth is the photoelectric components (5.66%), optical communications ranked fifth (3.03%), lasers and other optoelectronic applications (0.94%) at the end.
Table 3 Taiwan's optoelectronic industry output value statistics
Concentration of the development trend is obvious
In the performance of the sub-optoelectronic industry, the optoelectronic components industry output value of 22.9 billion yuan, a growth rate of 4.64%. Among them, light-emitting components such as LED, LD in the value of growth tends to be limited, mainly by the cell phone and other applications of the market is not vibrant, as well as the effect of manufacturers to grab a single, and part of the manufacturers to transform and invest in the development of communication light-emitting components, the process of the results are still not yet in play, the value of the growth is more limited, detection of light components in the manufacturers to play the effect of investment, especially CMOS image sensor products in Taiwan foundry capacity support, have a more significant performance, the detection of light components in the manufacturers to play the effect of investment, especially CMOS image sensor products in the Taiwan foundry production capacity support, and the production of the LED, the LD in the value of the growth rate is 4.64%. There is a more significant performance, optical components in the production of digital cameras in Taiwan, as well as photoelectricity-related applications driven by the product, to maintain stable growth.
Flat panel displays in the annual growth rate of up to 40.86%, mainly from the large-size TFT-LCD panel manufacturers continue to mass production. However, in Taiwan, the various factories have opened production capacity, as well as the PC boom is still in the doldrums under the pressure of the panel prices declining until the third quarter by not enough to cover the cost of selling prices, open the LCD Monitor market, but also makes Taiwan is still in the early stages of the development of manufacturers suffered from the pressure of the output of the blood, fortunately, in the manufacturers of the cost of controlling the effectiveness of the successive play, as well as the market demand for the fast-growing drive, the price stabilized. Driven by the price stabilization, although the annual profitability of the state is not good, but also can be seen more optimistic about the future.
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In the optical output into the field, although there are still 49.1 billion yuan of output value, the growth rate of only -5.20%, mainly due to the shrinkage of the fax machine market, as well as the scanner overly competitive, manufacturers to launch the operation of other factors are not conducive to the growth of the output value, but the manufacturers into the digital camera and the development of multifunctional services machine (Multi-function Product, MFP) Efforts have shown concrete results.
The optical storage sub-sector still recorded a growth of 12.76% in 2001, with an output value of NT$128.5 billion, the first time that the proportion of Taiwan's overall optoelectronic market fell from the first to the second. In the year, the outstanding manufacturers of optical disk drives, not only in the inflow of international orders, as well as the transfer of production advantages of overseas production driven by the production of CD-ROM, CD-RW, DVD-ROM optical drives, production volume has been quite expanding. Disk part of the CD-R production expansion is still under excessive expansion, market oversupply still exists, in the price decline erosion of the pressure on manufacturers to operate, there have been a number of manufacturers announced that they have withdrawn from the market, but although there was a time when the market stabilized, but the market equilibrium is not stable, and in addition to the royalties and dumping charges and other non-economic factors interfere with the performance of the disk manufacturers is still limited.
The field of optical communication was once driven by an international investment boom, and the investment boom was once red-hot, but also with the fading of the heat, the number and amount of investment has declined considerably, and the annual output value in 2001 reached 12.2 billion Taiwan dollars, a growth rate of 17.76%. Basically, this situation reflects the effect of early investment, especially the production of active components has contributed to the growth of output value. However, due to the fact that Taiwan's manufacturers emphasize the production of active and passive components, the development of sub-systems and the ability to integrate the system is still a relatively weak link in Taiwan.
As for Taiwan's laser and other optoelectronic applications industry, production methods favor processing-based, laser holographic production has ranked among the world's top three, due to the number of related manufacturers is relatively limited, so the value of the contribution to a smaller, but still have a stable growth.
Top Ten Optoelectronic Products Perform Differently
Table 4 Taiwan's Top Ten Optoelectronic Products in 2001
Taiwan's optoelectronic products are still quite concentrated in specific products, of which the proportion of the top ten in terms of output value is as high as 86%, which is slightly higher than in previous years. The largest proportion from the TFT-LCD output value of 128 billion Taiwan dollars, a growth rate of 68.42%, such results performance is bright, but the essence of the TFT-LCD panel manufacturers are in a state of loss, but fortunately the market demand is improving, the outlook for 2002 will have better performance. And the same field of flat panel displays, ranking among the top ten optoelectronic products proportion of the fourth TN/ST-LCD output value of 32.5 billion Taiwan dollars, but there is still a considerable degree of downstream cell phones and PDA products market shrinkage of the impact of the part of the second-tier manufacturers in the over-investment in the expansion of production capacity, faced with the heavy pressure of operations, and the application of the trend of product color, but also inevitably lead to the Taiwan manufacturers to monochrome products, the advantages are affected. Advantage is affected.
And CD-R discs in the low barrier to entry manufacturers to expand production, the situation of oversupply offset the CD-R discs in the world market consumption is still growing the fact that the amount of increase in price decline offset Taiwan's output value is still 37.7 billion Taiwan dollars, manufacturers in response to the advent of the DVD era, in the development of DVD-R discs and the world's first-class manufacturers synchronization of the results of the annual output growth in 2001. In 2001, the annual output growth rate was 583.93%. And also belongs to the optical storage category CD-ROM, CD-RW and DVD-ROM disk drive, is divided into the output value of the top ten of the third, fifth, ten, due to most of the disk drive manufacturers have three types of disk drive production capacity, so the year disk drive manufacturers performance is not bad.
The output value of scanners, though declining, was still between 27.1 billion and ranked sixth in the top ten in terms of output value. Although the growth of digital cameras was limited by the shortage of key components, the adjustment of the OEM model and the alleviation of the supply chain, coupled with the successive transfer of international orders to Taiwan, gradually increased the contribution to output value, and the output value in 2001 reached 19.3 billion Taiwan dollars.
Front projection LCD projector Taiwan manufacturers have been working for a long time the project, belongs to the high unit price of the product, with the strengthening of the international OEM position, such as high-temperature polycrystalline silicon panels in the past, such as the supply of important parts has been more relaxed, the output value of 18.5 billion Taiwan dollars.
In addition to the top ten in terms of output value, Table 3 also lists the top ten in terms of faster growth. It must be noted that the faster growth rate of the product usually belongs to the early stages of product development, because the base period of output value is small, so the relative growth rate is higher, but the table listed in the CD-RW disk drive and TFT-LCD at the same time ranked in the top ten in terms of output value, reflecting the status of the main photoelectricity products in the proportion of the rise in the status of the product. Rewritable class DVD drive and discs three products are also quite impressive growth rate of the group, as for optical transceiver modules and optical amplifiers two optical active components, reflecting the results of the early manufacturers to invest in plant expansion, the above products are multiples of the level of growth, the development prospects are worth noting.
Taiwan's optoelectronic industry development characteristics
One of the development of the optoelectronic industry and information products associated
Taiwan's optoelectronic industry in the early years of the traditional optics as a starting point, and then into the LED-based optoelectronic semiconductor market, and then into the combination of information and the output of light into the field of optical storage, and then into the electric display, the development trajectory of the development of Taiwan's information industry is closely related, in Taiwan, to the information industry development. The development trajectory is closely related to the development of Taiwan's information industry, the top ten optoelectronic products in Taiwan, for example, is still highly relevant to information products.
Two, small and medium-sized enterprises as the main body, the scale of operations gradually expand
In recent years, Taiwan's optoelectronics industry has been gradually expanding the trend of the scale of operations, the new listing, the number of public offerings on the counter to increase quite a lot, and a lot of successful photoelectricity business was originally a group of companies under the separation of the out of the present stage, but there has been a "more than blue, but even more so than the blue," the trend.
Three, more market-oriented, non-market creators
In terms of the production and marketing value chain, Taiwan's optoelectronics industry is good at playing to the advantages of mass production to create corporate profits, favoring the mastery of the market scale, compared to often in the optoelectronic product lifecycle has entered the development phase or maturity before cutting into the degree of mastery of the new technologies and trends lagging behind the United States, the Japanese large manufacturers, the specification The ability to formulate specifications is not enough.
Conclusion
From the overall economic climate, and then review the scale of development of the photovoltaic industry, although the overall international environment has a heavy recovery pressure, the world's photovoltaic market size also appeared for the first time in the negative growth, from another point of view, it can also be seen that the photovoltaic industry has been promoted to the forest of the main industry, there will be a synchronization of changes in the trend with the international boom, with the application of the environment is becoming more and more diversified, new technologies and trends to grasp the degree behind the United States, Japan, the major manufacturers, the specification of the ability to develop more inadequate. With the application environment becoming more and more diversified, new applications of photoelectric technology is also constantly new and expanding, can still be optimistic about the prospects of the industry.
However, the development of the importance of the photovoltaic industry has been recognized by the countries, but the photovoltaic industry for technology, capital-intensive industries, with a considerable degree of entry barriers (Entry Barrier). At present, in addition to Japan, the United States and other technology leaders continue to invest, emerging countries in Asia-Pacific, such as South Korea, is also actively developing the photovoltaic industry, its contribution to the economic growth of countries is also increasingly high. In the future, due to the countries scrambling to invest in the future market competition is increasingly fierce, will be unavoidable.
When the optoelectronic industry is booming, also contains the cross-strait optoelectronic industry, a huge space for cooperation, the mainland side of the long-developing academic and research base, rich human resources, if you can combine with the Taiwan side of the international operations (Global Logistic) capabilities, and to reflect the rapid and flexible flexible management mechanism, I believe that the cross-strait optoelectronic industry, hand in hand, will be in the world stage in the new ignored. The world stage can not be ignored in the new forces.