I. Characteristics of drug addiction
According to Article 8 of the Decision on Drug Control, drug abuse is generally divided into two types: drug abuse and addiction. As long as the actor's behavior has the following three characteristics, it can be identified as drug abuse.
Drug addiction generally has three main characteristics:
1. drug resistance. That is to say, the effect of the same drug decreases after continuous use, and it is necessary to increase the dose to obtain the same or similar effect as before;
2. Physical dependence. That is to say, the physiological changes caused by taking a certain drug for a certain period of time need to continue taking this drug to maintain the physical requirements.
3。 Psychological dependence. In other words, it is generally a habit for someone to need some medicine mentally. From the actual situation, the symptoms of all drug addicts are generally weak, sallow, listless and listless. Once the drug addiction attacks, some people cry and talk, stamping their chests: some people can't stand up and cough up blood; Some collide and eat the soil on the wall; Some rolled around and cried. All kinds of ugliness, to name a few. Although drug addicts take drugs, they do not become addicted and cannot be identified as drug addicts. Only by having these two points at the same time can we deal with the perpetrator in accordance with the provisions of drug addiction.
Secondly, it briefly introduces the methods of methadone substitution and reduction of detoxification.
Methadone is a synthetic narcotic analgesic with pharmacological effects similar to morphine. Can control the withdrawal symptoms of opioid drugs. It is completely absorbed after oral administration, and 85% of it is combined with plasma protein, mainly distributed in lung, kidney and spleen. Its bioavailability is 90%. After gastrointestinal administration for 3 hours, the peak plasma concentration can be maintained for 2-6 hours, and the half-life is 15 hours.
It can effectively inhibit symptoms for 24-32 hours after oral administration. The therapeutic blood concentration of methadone is 0.48-0.86 mg/L, the toxic blood concentration is 2 mg/L, and the dead blood concentration is 4 mg/L.. Methadone is mainly metabolized by the liver and excreted by urine and feces. Methadone substitution decreasing method is suitable for detoxification treatment of various China opioids, especially for heroin addicts and morphine, demerol and dihydroetorphine addicts. Its medication principle is: single medication, daily reduction first fast and then slow, only reduction without adding, drug withdrawal should be decisive.
Thirdly, analyze the causes of recurrence.
(A) acute detoxification treatment is not thorough
Some patients were discharged after several days of acute detoxification treatment, but they were not completely detoxified; Some are treated at home, the methods are not standardized and lack of strict control, which leads to ineffective treatment. This is naturally easy to relapse.
(2) Mental dependence
The patient was addicted to drugs all day, but he was able to restrain himself at first. If they are in a favorable environment, coupled with strong perseverance, they will continue to restrain themselves. After a long time, their drug addiction will gradually fade away and finally disappear, which is the complete detoxification. If you are in an unfavorable environment, or your perseverance is not strong enough to resist the temptation of drugs, you will become an addict again.
(C) the pressure of old friends and the influence of the old environment
After acute detoxification, patients return to their old friends or drug dealers and are tempted or pressured by them: when they see the drug tools they have used, the place where they take drugs will become a hint, which will make them feel touched by the scene, stimulate patients to think of drugs and the pleasure they get from drugs, thus forcing them to take drugs again.
Mental stimulation
After drug treatment, patients, like ordinary people, will still suffer from various setbacks and blows, as well as other mental stimuli: family problems, work problems, economic problems and so on. Because of their poor stability, these things are more likely to cause emotional instability, upset, pessimism, depression and lack of self-confidence. Under such circumstances, repeated drug use is also very likely.
(E) Misunderstanding
Some lame people think like this after they quit addiction: "It's been a long time since I quit addiction. After smoking again, I will make up my mind to say goodbye to drugs. Just this once, you won't be addicted as soon as you get rid of it. I will completely control myself from smoking. " As a result, I smoked once, and I made up my mind to smoke again and again, and so on and so on.