(A), seedling cultivation technology
1. Requirements for fry: It is best to use a soil pond or an outdoor cement pond for cichlids fry culture. In general, the area of a single pond is 50-1100m3, and the water depth is L-1.5m. Before releasing the fry, drain the pond water, thoroughly clean the pond with quicklime, and apply sufficient base fertilizer to improve the water quality, so that the fry can eat natural bait when entering the pond.
2. fry stocking: before stocking fry, test the water first. The specifications of stocking in the same pool should be uniform and the size should be the same. Stocking density depends on bait, culture technology level and culture specifications. The general stocking density is about 100 fish /m3. Soak the fish in sop salt solution 15-20 minutes before the fry enter the pond.
3. Feeding: cichlasoma managuense larvae feed on zooplankton when they enter the pond. With the growth of fry, the food intake increases, while the zooplankton in the pond decreases gradually. At this time, topdressing can be used to cultivate zooplankton, and soybean paste can be added. After 15-20 days of cultivation, when the fry grow to more than 3 cm, their feeding habits begin to change. At this time, the minced fish can be fed on the dining table for domestication, and then a small amount of artificial compound feed mixed with minced fish is fed after 2-3 days, and then the proportion of artificial compound feed is gradually increased, and the amount of minced fish is reduced until all artificial compound feed is used. The daily feeding amount is about 20% of the fish weight, and it is fed three times a day.
4. Cultivation management:
(1) Regulating water quality: In the process of fry cultivation, the water quality of residual manure bait is most likely to deteriorate due to fertilization and feeding. Therefore, the water should be changed every 3-5 days, and the amount of water changed each time is 1/4 of the pool water. Aquatic plants such as duckweed or water hyacinth can also be transplanted in the pond to purify the water quality and facilitate the fry to hide and eat.
(2) Feeding separately in time: When the growth specifications of fry are quite different, they should be screened in time because they have the habit of eating big and eating small. The specifications of fry in the same pond should be consistent so as not to affect the survival rate of fry.
(3) Daily management: mainly patrol the pond to observe the feeding, activities and water color changes of fry, so as to adjust the feeding amount in time and do a good job in fish disease prevention.
(2) Adult fish culture technology
It can be cultivated by polyculture. There are two methods of polyculture: one is to polyculture a small amount of shad in the pond, with about 22-50 shad per mu of water surface. After half a year of culture, the average weight can reach more than 300 grams, and after one year of culture, the weight can reach about 500 grams. 2. Fish farming is mainly in cichlasoma managuense, and the polyculture varieties include tilapia, grass carp and crucian carp. There are 150-200 shad and 300 mixed fish cultures per mu of water. During the feeding period, artificial compound feed and fresh grass can be fed. When the zooplankton in the pond is insufficient, it is necessary to properly topdress and cultivate zooplankton. After breeding for half a year, the average weight can reach about 200 grams, and after breeding for one year, the weight can reach more than 250 grams.