As we all know, the psychological development of primary school students is in an important period of life development. On the one hand, their cognitive, emotional, will and other psychological contradictions and confusion will produce such psychological problems; On the other hand, they are still young, their physical and mental development is not perfect and mature, and they need the guidance and help of adults (especially teachers). So how to cultivate students' healthy psychological quality?
In order to effectively cultivate the healthy psychological quality of primary school students, we must first establish appropriate health education goals. The goal of mental health education for primary school students should be to choose the most important and basic content suitable for children's healthy development. Let primary school students get help and training in the cognitive and emotional fields, let children learn to know and accept themselves from an early age, maintain a happy and optimistic mood and a positive spirit, and learn with a scientific, positive and positive attitude, so that intellectual factors and non-intellectual factors can be well developed; Let children learn to adapt to the objective environment from an early age, develop civilized and polite manners, and become honest and enterprising pupils who understand and respect others. Specific measures are as follows:
First, create a good learning atmosphere and cultivate healthy psychological quality.
According to the law of physical and mental development and age characteristics of primary school students, creating some relaxed and harmonious atmosphere of good mental health education and integrating mental health education into interesting activities can often play a multiplier role. The design of activities should be diversified, and different forms of activities can be designed according to different psychological counseling contents and the age characteristics of primary school students, such as roles, games, sketch performances, story telling, puzzles, discussions, cultural and sports activities, etc. Every activity should be designed to achieve at least one clear psychological counseling goal. The development of psychological activities should be combined with class activities and second class activities as far as possible to avoid activities becoming a new academic burden. Teachers should carefully prepare and organize psychological counseling activities. For example, in the class relay race, we should catch some typical students who are persevering, indomitable, not afraid of setbacks and competitive, praise them in class, encourage everyone to learn from them, and cultivate students' positive and optimistic psychological quality. Through games and other interesting psychological counseling activities, students gradually realize the importance of mental health and the methods of self-psychological health care, thus gradually forming their own healthy psychological quality.
Second, help students establish the awareness of learning mental health.
In the process of education and teaching, we sometimes find such a problem: some things the teacher said several times, but individual students turned a deaf ear, were indifferent, and did not respond. This is largely due to absent-mindedness, which did not cause his inner voice, and did not cause reaction or attention in his mind for the time being. In fact, anyone who realizes the existence or importance of something will react accordingly. In order to make students form a healthy psychology, we must first have this kind of consciousness. How to deepen and strengthen students' mental health awareness? For primary school students, the best way is to analyze the role of healthy psychology and the harm of unhealthy psychology from personal experience. For example, bad temper is harmful to the friendship between classmates, and positive emotions are beneficial to one's study and life.
Third, help students understand their psychological characteristics.
Only when we have a full, comprehensive and profound understanding of ourselves and grasp our own advantages and disadvantages can we make greater progress in the future development process. Teachers can draw up some psychological test questionnaires so that students can understand their psychological characteristics from the questionnaires; You can use typical cases around students to compare with students, so as to understand yourself; Or encourage students to accept and listen to others' comments about themselves more humbly, so as to understand themselves. In the usual education and teaching, we often encounter such a situation: student A came to tell the teacher that B had a fight between classes. When the teacher invited classmate B, before asking him about it, he heard this classmate B say: A also had a fight. Yesterday, he bought snacks at the stall. On the surface, it seems natural for primary school students to complain, but after careful analysis, there is an unhealthy psychological quality in student B, who is afraid of the teacher's criticism and deliberately finds out the shortcomings of others to reduce his responsibility. If teachers don't guide students to know themselves and their shortcomings in time, they will become quarrelsome, narrow-minded and rebellious over time, and the consequences will be unimaginable.
Fourth, let students master some methods of self-psychological adjustment.
1, teach students to learn to have love in their hearts.
A song sings: "As long as everyone gives a little love, the world will become a beautiful world." This "love" means tolerance, understanding and care. Learn to love others, and you won't judge everything in this world by your own likes and dislikes. To this end, primary school students should actively participate in various public welfare activities, learn to care for others, help others, and love their relatives, friends, classmates and even strangers with difficulties with true feelings, so as to live in harmony with others and become more healthy psychologically. htX+G
2. Teach students to be grateful.
Feeling good about each other because of their kindness or help is gratitude. In life, we live with the help of others all the time. Therefore, primary school students should always be grateful to the people around them. Always think: when you feel relaxed, maybe someone is carrying the burden for you; When you make progress in your study, someone may be blessing you; When you enjoy the happiness of life, maybe someone is working hard for you at the same time ... If you are grateful, you will be more tolerant and enthusiastic to others. nine
3. Teach students to be modest.
Numerous examples have proved that every successful person has to go through many setbacks and hardships before he can finally succeed. Only by maintaining an optimistic attitude can we overcome difficulties calmly. Therefore, primary school students should correctly treat unsatisfactory things, believing that this is a kind of exercise for themselves. We should learn to face difficulties calmly, face them squarely and overcome them.
4. Teach students to improve their self-confidence and keep a healthy attitude.
Self-confidence is an inner experience that people fully estimate their own strength, and it is a psychological state that one believes that one's wishes and ideals can be realized. Only when one is confident can one overcome all kinds of difficulties and finally win. What many students lack now is self-confidence. They always feel that they are inferior to others and that they are born stupid. Before you do anything, you should set a tone for yourself, "I can't do it" and "I can't do it well" ... In fact, the normal brain is almost the same in size, weight and structure. So there should be no difference in learning ability. The starting point of success is self-confidence. As long as you keep a healthy attitude, build up confidence and study hard, you will get good grades.
In addition, let students learn to smile, learn to think from multiple angles and look at problems dialectically; Let students think more about their own happy things; Can be transferred in time to avoid unpleasant things temporarily; Take a deep breath, close your eyes and relax; Music appreciation method; Physical exercise methods; Walking and talking are also some good methods of self-psychological adjustment.
Teachers can also encourage students to read more good books. Teachers can recommend some good books to students in time, especially some great biographies and ideological cultivation books, and cultivate students' habit of writing reading notes. Teachers can also organize some social practice activities appropriately, so that students can exercise their psychological quality in serving others and society and encourage students to help others. In addition, because calligraphy and painting can not only cultivate sentiment and temperament, but also help to dispel bad emotions and maintain mental health, teachers can encourage students to participate in various aesthetic education activities and cultivate their psychological quality. Of course, teachers can also give students other ways to exercise their psychological quality correctly according to the actual situation.