Nutrition during pregnancy is closely related to abortion, premature delivery and premature rupture of membranes. Serious lack of protein, vitamins and trace elements can lead to abortion; The reduction of copper ions in pregnant women's diet can reduce the synthesis of collagen fibers and elastic fibers in fibroblasts and reduce the elasticity of fetal membranes. Vitamin C deficiency can increase the brittleness of fetal membranes and increase the incidence of premature rupture of fetal membranes. In addition, the decrease of copper ion and zinc ion concentration in pregnant women's serum can lead to the occurrence of overdue pregnancy.
2. Malnutrition can easily lead to mental retardation.
Eugenics scientists found in experiments that if the embryo is malnourished, the number of brain cells is only 82% of that of excellent babies, while if the fetus is malnourished, even if the nutrition is improved after birth, it is still difficult to recover intelligence. If you are malnourished for a long time, the brain, cerebellum or brain stem are far behind the excellent infants, which is equivalent to 1/2-3/4 of the excellent infants.
3. Fetal malformation caused by malnutrition
China is one of the countries with high incidence of birth defects. Every year, about160,000 deformed babies are born, of which about 80 8- 10/00,000 are babies with visible defects. The causes of fetal malformation are very complicated, but the relationship between nutrition and fetal malformation has long attracted people's attention. For example, folic acid deficiency can lead to abortion, stillbirth and even neonatal cleft lip, cleft palate and neural tube malformation.
4, lack of nutrition is easy to cause anemia during pregnancy.
About 20% pregnant women in urban population suffer from anemia in different degrees, while the incidence rate in rural areas is higher, reaching more than 40%. The main reason is the lack of iron, folic acid or vitamin B 12. Anemia during pregnancy not only affects maternal health, but also affects the growth and development of the fetus, as well as the neurobehavioral and intellectual level after birth.
5, lack of nutrition is easy to cause hypertension during pregnancy.
Pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (PIH) is a pregnancy-specific disease with an incidence of about 7%- 12%, which is one of the important causes of maternal and perinatal death. The etiology is not clear, but it is generally believed to be related to heredity, immunity, anemia, hypoproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, lack of trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, zinc and selenium, and low social and economic status. Pregnancy-induced hypertension can cause changes in various organs of the whole body, and if it is not diagnosed and treated in time, it will cause serious adverse consequences.
Nutrition must be sufficient during pregnancy;
From the 0/3 week of pregnancy, it is the time when the fetus needs nutrition most for its growth and development in the body. Fetal growth needs protein's intake, including: milk, eggs, fish, shrimp, beef, protein powder, etc. But it is not that the more nutrients you consume, the better the development of the fetus. In addition, calcium supplementation in the second trimester is also very important, and calf cramp is a signal of calcium deficiency. In short, nutrition in the second trimester is the most critical stage of the whole pregnancy.