1. Social and environmental factors
(1) The pressure of social competition.
With the changes of our society, the in-depth development of various reforms, and the introduction of competition in personnel training and employment system, college students are facing various competitive pressures. For example, in the period of economic transition and social transformation, the unified distribution of college graduates has become a two-way choice in the talent market. This major change in the graduation distribution system will strongly impact the sense of superiority of college students. In addition, many domestic institutions are carrying out personnel system reform, and the number of laid-off workers in society is increasing year by year. The unhealthy trend of social employment makes college students feel bleak in the future, and the original sense of superiority and beautiful ideals are spurned by me in the face of the law of interests.
(2) Cognitive problems caused by information contradiction.
College students are in the period of long body, long knowledge and learning to be human beings, and are in the process of forming world outlook, outlook on life and values, which is highly plastic. With the advent of the network information age, all aspects of information are complicated and mixed. However, college students' immature thinking, lack of experience, lack of intellectual support and poor information processing ability lead to fierce contradictions and conflicts between theory and reality. If these contradictions and conflicts are not resolved in time, psychological obstacles or problems will arise.
2. School environmental factors
(1) living environment pressure.
The change of living environment is the basis of promoting the psychological change of the whole person. From middle school to college, the most touching thing is to change an environment and start an independent but collective life. It requires college students not only to take care of themselves, but also to have dedication. However, because most contemporary college students are only children, many people feel lonely for the first time because of their lack of self-care ability and unaccustomed to collective life, and often feel depressed and anxious.
(2) The pressure of the learning environment.
Many students will suddenly lose self-confidence and feel that they are useless after being admitted to college. This psychological loss is first of all due to the change of competitors. In universities with "masters like forests", most of the "top students" in the past are no longer top-notch. In addition, in the university, the content of the competition is not limited to academic performance, but also includes vision knowledge, stylistic expertise, social skills, organizational skills and so on. In this case, it is easy for college students to have a huge psychological gap and deny themselves as a whole. Secondly, it is manifested in the change of learning methods and methods. In middle school, most students are accustomed to teachers' detailed explanations and specific guidance, so they have poor self-study ability and strong dependence. In college, besides attending classes and acquiring knowledge from teachers, self-study occupies a very important position. It requires students not only to have strong self-study ability, learning consciousness, autonomy and self-control, but also to learn research-based learning, to be good at finding and asking questions, and to have flexible college examination methods. These changes often make college students who are rote-memorizing, hidebound and lack the ability to use knowledge flexibly encounter more setbacks.
(3) Personal emotional stress.
At present, college students in China are in the middle of adolescence and are sensitive to sexual problems. They are eager to make friends with the opposite sex, and they are eager to get friendship and even love from the opposite sex. However, the contradiction between physical precocity and psychological lag often leads to the deviation between needing love and understanding love. On the one hand, college students' physical maturity makes people germinate sexual consciousness and have a desire for love, but morality, discipline and law restrict this desire, so there is a sharp contradiction and conflict between demand and satisfaction, and psychological balance is lost. On the other hand, because college students' world outlook and outlook on life are relatively unstable, they have not established a correct view of love, so there are phenomena such as love triangle, unrequited love, lovelorn love, forced love and sexual psychopathy. If these emotional pressures are not relieved and adjusted in time and effectively, they may cause psychological imbalance and serious mental illness.
(4) Interpersonal stress
The university campus is a crowded place, so college students are also faced with all kinds of complicated interpersonal relationships. Students in a university come from different regions, with different cultural backgrounds and values, and the differences in personality and habits are more prominent. Students are prone to interpersonal friction and conflict, which can not be properly solved by themselves, resulting in communication obstruction. There are also some college students who are troubled by the lack of communication skills and abilities and have different degrees of interpersonal anxiety.
3. Family environment factors
(1) Parents' expected stress.
In today's society, parents' desire for success is widespread. For the sake of their children's further education, such as entering a university, going to graduate school or studying abroad, many parents do whatever it takes. Parents' strong expectations, on the one hand, can become the motivation for college students to study hard, but on the other hand, it may be counterproductive and become an unbearable psychological burden for college students.
(2) the pressure of economic difficulties.
In the period of economic system transition, the income gap caused by urban-rural differences and unfair social distribution is also manifested among college students. As far as poor students in colleges and universities are concerned, although no one wants to be labeled as "poor students", they can't escape the reality that there is a great contrast between them and students from big cities in terms of food, clothing, housing, behavior and behavior. In addition to participating in academic competitions, I have to bear the economic pressure brought by high tuition and living expenses. Many poor students have to rely on work-study programs to maintain their study and life. Therefore, their psychological burden is obvious.
4. Self-defect factors
Due to genetic factors, a few college students have congenital physical defects in appearance, figure, height and fatness. Or because of poor physical fitness and illness, I often feel at a loss in the process of learning and training; Or because of their own personality defects, such as introversion, narrow-minded, withdrawn and closed, impatient and impulsive, stubborn and suspicious. These factors can easily make college students feel "I am inferior to others", which will cause serious psychological load over time. In this vicious circle, their psychological endurance will become worse and worse.