How to judge the quality of pearls?
First, identity. In other words, pearls have different shapes and different values. The pearl with the highest status is refined round bead, which is suitable for all gold and silver ornaments, such as rings, earrings, pins and necklaces, because of its beautiful shape and wide use. Second, the skin is shallow. Including the thickness of the skin and the degree of reflection. The higher the leather, the better, and the glittering one is the best. The sign of thin and smooth skin is that facing the smooth pearl, you can see the pupil of your eyes in the reflection. Third, color. There are white, pink, yellow, red, purple, cyan and so on. Generally white is slightly pink, commonly known as "drunken beauty"; Extremely white pearls are also precious, called "Xinguang pearls". Fourth, size. Better be the big one. As the saying goes, "Seven-point pearls are eight-point treasures", which means that seven-point pearls are called pearls, and eight-point pearls become treasure pearls. Because the strength is hard-won, the value can be multiplied. Five, in pairs. Among many pearls, the same color, luster and size are rarely required, so this is valuable. Observe the difference between real pearls and fake pearls by appearance; The shell of cultured pearls is thin and transparent, and the surface of pearls has waxy luster. Thoroughly clean the hole where the pearl passes through the rope, then illuminate it with strong light and observe the hole carefully with a magnifying glass. For cultured pearls, there is a clear dividing line between the huge inner core and the outer thin layer. The dividing line is often black, which is easier to see. For natural beads, the extremely thin growth lines will always be evenly arranged in the center, and the color will be yellow or brown only when it is close to the center. For beads, you can untie the hook, straighten the necklace rope, and slowly turn the beads under strong light. For cultured pearls, when turning to a suitable angle, you will inevitably see the flash reflected by the mother pearl core, which is generally 360 degrees flashing twice, which is roughly evidence to identify cultured pearls. You can also observe the translucent interior of pearls against strong light. For cultured pearls, parallel lines may be seen in the inner layer of the core ball, and the cross section is wrapped with a thin layer. Sometimes you can see the dividing line between epidermis and endothelium. If it is a natural pearl, you can see that the edge of the transmitted strong light pearl gradually weakens towards the center. In order to make the observation effect good, you can prepare an opaque plate, dig a small hole with a diameter of about 1mm, first block Jane with a baffle, and only let the tiny strong beam emitted by the small hole hit the pearl, so that the observation is the clearest. There is no need to change the color of pearls of general color, but if you see rare gray-black and black pearls, you should be alert. Because it may be dyed. At present, the known dyeing method is to soak pearls in silver nitrate solution, take them out and dry them in strong light to turn them black. The method of difference is; Natural black pearls are not pure black, but dark blue black with a little rainbow flash or black with bronze hue. Fake pearls are artificial pearls (also known as imitation pearls), and there are generally three ways to make them: wax-filled glass imitation pearls are filled with paraffin in hollow round ivory glass balls. This kind of imitation bead has a low density, generally 1.5g/mm3, which can be distinguished by hand. The inside of the fine needle ball has a soft feeling, and the outer needle can't be engraved, and the surface is smooth. Solid glass imitation beads are made by soaking ivory solid glass balls in "real bead semen". When observed with a magnifying glass 15 times at the drilling site, only a thin layer of "real bead semen" can be seen, and it will fall off in pieces with a little needle, and no fine scaly powder can be seen. Imitation beads wrapped in plastic are covered with a thin layer of "real pearl semen" outside the milky white plastic. Observing with a magnifying glass, the surface of the coating is uniformly distributed in the form of papules, which is not as firm and flat as natural pearls or cultured pearls. Stir with a needle, there will be fragments falling off and no fine powder can be found. The imitation pearl of mother-of-pearl is made of the pearl layer on the thick shell, and the density is not much different from that of the real pearl. The best way to identify it is to put it in front of a strong light source. Under the transmitted light, it can often be seen that it has obvious parallel bands, which is the trace of pearl powder delamination. Therefore, it is necessary to know some simple methods to distinguish pearls from imitation pearls. Pearls are fresh and cool, but they don't feel smooth when bitten with teeth, but they feel like grinding sand. If you bite hard, the sound is crisp, there are no dented teeth marks on the surface, and the nacre has not fallen off locally. There are natural machine lines on the surface of pearls, so it can be seen that the luster color is uneven anyway. In a string of pearl necklaces, there are some differences in size, and there is a natural multicolored pearl luster. At the same time, observing the pearl hole, the pearl is sharper at the drill hole because of its hardness. Imitation beads are slippery and wet, and they bite smoothly with your teeth. When bitten hard, dented teeth marks will appear on the surface, and even the coating will fall off locally. The surface of imitation pearl is slightly convex, lacking the unique luster of pearl, and generally has good roundness. At the same time, because the imitation beads are soft, there will be depressions at the drilling site. When consumers buy pearl ornaments, they can not only master the necessary knowledge themselves, but also go to a jewelry store with a certain scale and good reputation run by professionals to buy them. [How to tell whether pearls are true or false? Seawater pearls are dazzling and elegant, which can be as famous as precious stones and comparable to gold. Pearl necklace is a high-grade ornament favored by women, which not only makes people pleasing to the eye and adds charm, but also promotes health and beauty. Hainan is a famous pearl producing area. Many Chinese and foreign tourists who come to Qionghai are willing to buy Hainan pearls as souvenirs or gifts to relatives and friends, but they are often confused because they don't know the authenticity of pearls. In order to help tourists buy pearls with satisfactory quality and low price, this paper introduces some basic knowledge of pearls for reference when tourists buy pearls or pearl necklaces. Pearls are divided into two categories: wild pearls and cultured pearls. At present, most pearls sold in the market are cultured pearls. Artificial culture of pearls is to artificially insert mature shellfish, such as white butterfly, black butterfly or Pinctada martensii, and then cultivate them in seawater for about one year, so that they can form pearl lines on nuts in the natural ecological environment according to the biological characteristics of shellfish. Artificial farming is hard, smooth and round, with sunny color. People usually divide pearls into two categories: pearls and treasures. Those weighing more than 2.5 grams are called treasures, and those weighing less than 2.5 grams are called pearls. Generally speaking, the longer the culture time, the bigger the core, the thicker the tread and the brighter the luster. The pearl produced by white butterfly shell has the best texture, and the first-class pearl still shines brightly even if it is placed in the dark or in the dark. Because pearls are deeply loved by people and have high value, some people who are confused by interests use "fishy eyes and pearls" to make profits. They take fakes seriously, shoddy them and cheat passing tourists. In order to avoid being deceived, tourists can identify pearls by the following simple methods. (l) Vision: pearls are irregular in shape and translucent, with natural and unique colorful fluorescent luster such as jade white, yellow white, light blue and flesh red; Most of the fake beads are glass imitations, with regular shapes and the same size. Generally, the surface of beads is coated with "polishing solution" made of silver powder or fish scales, which is monotonous in color and lacks halo. (2) Handfeel: Zhu Zhen is very cool, even if the weather is hot, the tentacles feel very cool; Pseudobeads are sticky and slippery to the touch when they are tentacles. If it is pure glass imitation beads, its specific gravity is greater than that of pearls. If it is wax-filled glass imitation beads, the specific gravity is only about half of that of pearls. (3) firing: the pearl is fired on a gas lighter, and the surface is intact and the luster is still the same; Black smoke will appear on the surface of the false beads after burning, which will lose its luster. (Source: Ocean World) Methods Pearl powder can play a role in health care and beauty, while fake and shoddy pearl powder can not only protect health and beauty, but will endanger the health of consumers because of the excessive total number of Escherichia coli. So, how to identify its authenticity? The introduction is as follows: high-quality pure pearl powder: the raw material is high-quality freshwater pearls, which are carefully selected and washed, produced according to the drug quality standards and passed the inspection. Texture: the powder is white, uniform in color and free of impurities. Handle: It feels delicate and smooth, and is easily absorbed by the skin. Smell: It smells slightly fishy, but there is no other peculiar smell. Fake pearl powder: Fake pearl powder is generally made by heating mussel shells with alkaline water and lime, then removing the black on the surface, crushing, sieving and packaging. Texture: take a small amount of powder with your fingers, spread it out in the sun or light and observe it carefully, and you can find obvious flash. This is mica. Color: obviously whiter than pure pearl powder. This fake pearl powder is mixed with hydrolyzed animal protein powder, and mica will stick to the stomach after long-term use. Inferior pearl powder: texture: the main raw material of this powder is the powder drilled in the process of pearl jewelry processing, mixed with talcum powder. Color: yellowish, mainly caused by high temperature and high heat during drilling. Smell: there is a burning or smelly smell when taking it. Black steel needles drill holes in pearls by heating and rotating, and the fragments of black steel needles fall into powder, which contains a large number of metal bodies. Long-term use will cause chronic poisoning. Therefore, when consumers buy pearl powder, they must go to regular big pharmacies and medical supermarkets, look for well-known brands, and must not be deceived by greed and loss.