Characteristics of erysipelas in pigs: it mainly occurs in pigs, and it is most likely to attack sows and shelf pigs. At the beginning of the disease, it is mostly acute septicemia or subacute rash, and then it turns into chronic type. Arthritis and endocarditis often occur in pigs. Erysipelas in pigs are mostly sporadic or endemic, which can occur all year round, but mostly in high temperature and rainy seasons and mild climate seasons (May-September), and there have also been outbreaks in winter and spring in recent years. ? An acute febrile infectious disease caused by erysipelas.
The main anatomical manifestations of acute septicemia are: obvious septicemia, severe bleeding and congestion of viscera and mucosa; Renal hemorrhage, congestion, swelling, diffuse dark red, typical "red kidney"; Spleen is red, swollen, congested and swollen; The whole body lymph nodes of dead pigs are swollen and bleeding; Pulmonary congestion and edema.
Subacute dead pigs mainly show catarrhal or hemorrhagic inflammation in digestive tract, especially diffuse bleeding in gastric fundus and pylorus and mucosa. Hemorrhagic inflammation occurred in duodenum and anterior jejunum. In a few chronic cases, the joints are swollen. When the swollen joints are cut open, a large amount of viscous slurry and cellulose exudation can be seen. There are vegetable-like warty vegetation in the heart valve.
The main causes of swine erysipelas are as follows: First, the pigsty is dirty and damp. The second point: wet feeding of feed, especially the use of milk by-products, will promote the reproduction of pathogens. The third point: the water diversion system is polluted by pathogens. The fourth point: the intake of feces. The fifth point: pigs are being nursed and mixed, causing pressure. The sixth point: the temperature changes suddenly in summer and the temperature is high. Point 7: The drinking water system is polluted by pathogens. Eighth point: suddenly change your diet. Ninth: continuous production, there is no room for disinfection. Point 10: Virus infection-especially reproductive respiratory syndrome and influenza. Eleventh: Pighouses with straw in their habitats are more likely to occur, because erysipelas can survive in straw. The incubation period is short 1 day and long 7 days.
Acute erysipelas symptoms: This type is relatively common, characterized by sudden outbreak, acute course of disease and high mortality. Sick pigs are depressed and have a high fever; No food, vomiting; Conjunctival congestion; The feces are dry and hard with mucus. Diarrhea in the late stage of piglets. The skin on the ears, neck and back is red and purple. Before death, there were irregular bright red spots on the armpit, thigh and abdomen, which fused after the finger pressure subsided. Often die within 3-4 days. The mortality rate is about 80%, and the undead turn into rash or chronic type.
When swine erysipelas occurs in suckling pigs and newly weaned piglets, they usually have sudden onset, neurological symptoms, convulsions and death on the ground, and the course of disease does not exceed one day.
Symptoms of subacute erysipelas (rash block type): This symptom is common and mild. In the first day or two, skin rashes with obvious boundaries, circles, quadrangles and heat sensation appeared in different parts of the body, especially on the chest, back, neck and whole body, commonly known as "fire marks", indicating that the pressure subsided. Rash blocks protrude 2-3 mm from the skin, and the size is about one to several centimeters, ranging from several to dozens. After drying, brown crust is formed. The sick pig is thirsty, constipated, vomited and has a high body temperature. After the eruption, the body temperature began to drop and the condition was relieved. After a few days or even ten days, the sick pig recovered on its own. There are also many sick pigs who died of septicemia due to the deterioration of symptoms during the onset. The course of disease is about 1-2 weeks.
Symptoms of chronic erysipelas: acute or subacute, but also primary, such as chronic arthritis, chronic endocarditis and skin necrosis. Chronic arthritis is mainly characterized by inflammatory swelling of limbs (wrist and tarsal joints are more common than knee and hip joints), stiffness and pain of sick legs. After that, the acute symptoms disappeared, but mainly joint deformation, manifested as limping or lying on one or both limbs. The sick pig has a normal appetite, but it grows slowly, is weak and emaciated. The course of disease is weeks or months. Chronic endocarditis is characterized by emaciation, anemia, general weakness, like lying down and walking fatigue. If forced to walk, the behavior will be slow and the whole body will tremble. Auscultate heart murmur, rapid heartbeat and hyperactivity, arrhythmia and shortness of breath. This kind of sick pig can't be cured, and it usually falls to the ground and dies suddenly because of heart paralysis. Ulcerative or cauliflower-like verrucous endocarditis. Arrhythmia, dyspnea, anemia. The course of the disease is several weeks to several months.
Chronic erysipelas sometimes form skin necrosis. It often happens on the back, shoulders, ears, hooves and tail. Local skin edema, swelling, necrosis, blackening, dryness and leatheriness. Gradually separated from its lower new tissue, like a shell. The necrotic area is sometimes large and can occupy the whole back skin; Sometimes, some ear shells, tails, ends and hoof shells will be necrotic. After about 2 ~ 3 months, the necrotic skin falls off, leaving a hairless and pale scar. If there is secondary infection, the condition is complicated and the course of disease is prolonged.
Treatment of erysipelas in pigs: Penicillin is the main drug, combined with the treatment of other chronic cases or threatened healthy pigs.
By mixing the raw materials and taking them, ampicillin, lincomycin, etc. are added. For group control and intensive nursing, pigs with poor resistance can recover on their own.
Preventive measures of erysipelas in pigs, 1 to improve the disease resistance of pigs. Some healthy pigs have erysipelas in their bodies, which will cause diseases when their body resistance is reduced. Therefore, strengthening feeding management, feeding complete ration, keeping pigsty clean and sanitary, and regular disinfection are one of the TCM measures to prevent the disease.