History of space medicine

During the more than one hundred years from 1770 to 19, scientists from all over the world carried out a large number of balloon experiments to send people and animals into space. At that time, people didn't realize that the high-altitude environment would bring harm to human body and didn't take corresponding protective measures, which led to serious accidents such as frostbite, earache, loss of consciousness and even death. Since then, people began to pay attention to and carry out research on plateau environment, and gradually realized the harm of low pressure, hypoxia and low temperature to human body. This is the embryonic period of aviation medicine.

19 realized the manufacture and flight of aircraft at the end of the 20th century. At that time, the aircraft's performance was low, with a flying height of only two kilometers and a flying speed of only 500 kilometers per hour. Even so, airsickness, landing accidents, plane collisions and other emergency problems occur from time to time.

During the Second World War, especially after the appearance of jet aircraft, the performance of aircraft was improved, the navigation altitude, speed and endurance time were increased, which led to medical problems such as overweight, low pressure, hypoxia and low temperature, forcing countries to invest a lot of manpower and material resources in aviation medical research.

Aerospace medicine is developed on the basis of aviation medicine. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, people conducted extensive biological experiments on rockets and satellites. After animal experiments proved that humans could travel in space, the Soviet Union successfully carried out manned space flight in the early 1960s. Then, the safe return of human beings in space flight and the influence of weightlessness on human body are studied, which proves that people can work effectively and live healthily in weightlessness. With the development of space technology, space medicine has also developed rapidly.