The historical origin of medical ethics;
Medical ethics comes from the particularity of doctor-patient relationship in medical work. Patients generally rely on the professional knowledge and skills of medical staff when seeking medical treatment, and it is often impossible to judge the quality of medical treatment; Patients often have to tell some of their privacy to medical staff, which means that patients should trust medical staff.
This brings a special moral obligation to medical staff: put the interests of patients first and take corresponding actions to make themselves worthy of and safeguard the trust of patients. Therefore, what characterizes the basic nature of the doctor-patient relationship is the trust model: the trust relationship is based on the patient's special trust in the medical staff, and trusting the latter is based on justice and conscience and sincerely puts the interests of the former first.
Main theory:
Moralism holds that the right or wrong behavior depends on the nature of the behavior, not its consequences. For example, some doctors think that dying patients should be told the serious truth without considering the possible consequences, because the act of "hiding" itself should not be done. For another example, health care is a welfare undertaking and should not be a commodity and enter the market mechanism. This is also a moral argument.
Discussion on medical ethics;
Concepts of health and disease:
This plays an important role in defining the scope of medical treatment and the obligations of medical personnel. If the concept of health is broader, the scope of medical treatment will be broader, and the responsibilities of medical staff will be more. The World Health Organization defines health as complete physical, mental and social well-being.
Doctor-patient relationship:
The relationship between doctors and patients involves many basic problems of medical ethics, among which the most important ones are the rights of patients and the obligations of doctors. People put forward various ethical models of doctor-patient relationship. Traditional medical ethics emphasizes that everything medical personnel do must be beneficial to patients, regardless of patients' wishes. This is a paternalistic model.
Birth control:
Contraception, induced abortion and sterilization are technologies that separate love, sexual intercourse and reproduction, so they are opposed by some people. On the other hand, it is also a controversial issue whether people with severe mental retardation and severe mental patients should be forcibly sterilized. If we think that birth control technology can be defended ethically, then there is a question of how to defend it.