(1) Family factors:
1, weak love to accommodate children: because the only child now accounts for the vast majority, some parents are more fond of their children; If the child doesn't like to eat, don't let him eat or eat less. For example, some children don't eat animal viscera and fat, and they don't like vegetables. Parents indulge blindly and do not pay attention to adjusting the food structure. Moreover, some parents give their children more foods that children love to eat, which leads to children eating too much and overeating, resulting in overnutrition.
2. Replace the staple food with snacks. Some parents are afraid that their children will not eat, so they coax him with other things, such as biscuits, jelly and candy. Snacks washed away the staple food and affected children's normal eating. It not only affects the growth and development of children, but also reduces the resistance of children's bodies.
3. Bad eating habits. Parents allow their children to eat while playing, or watch TV while eating, and sometimes take their children to the stadium, the road and the grass, and coax their children to eat while walking ... Over time, children have developed bad eating habits such as picky eaters, anorexia, partial eclipse and slow eating. Some parents often blame, beat and scold their children when they are eating, or tell them unhappy things, which affects their children's eating. ?
4. Unreasonable family diet structure affects children. Parents are picky about their food intake, and the lack of food varies, which can't arouse their children's appetite and cause their children to be picky about food.
(2) Physical factors:
1. Some children suffer from upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal diseases, causing loss of appetite, poor appetite and small appetite.
2, the child has dental caries or tooth change, which leads to poor appetite and slow eating.
Second, cultivate children's good eating habits.
Clear criteria for middle-class children's good eating habits
1, can use tableware (chopsticks) correctly and eat independently.
Don't talk loudly when eating, don't look around and concentrate on eating.
3, develop a good habit of not picky eaters, not partial eclipse, not leftovers.
4, learn to clean up the dishes and chopsticks, and develop the habit of gargling and wiping your mouth after meals.
(2) Special handling under special circumstances
After defining the goal, I divided the children with bad eating habits in my class into the following four categories (1): picky eaters and partial eclipse; (2) Poor appetite and slow eating; (3) Talking while eating, not paying attention to eating; (4) Obese children who eat more and eat more.
1, the first kind of children, I mainly encourage and help. Introduce the importance of nutrition of various foods to children's growth and development before meals, and educate children not to be picky about food. When studying the ancient poem "Compassion for Farmers", I told the children that food is the fruit of farmers' hard work and should be cherished. We also asked the school doctor to introduce the benefits of various food combinations. Eating more green vegetables and nutritious food is beneficial to the growth of the body. I often set up some positive images, such as children are fast, not picky about food, and use positive examples to infect and educate children.
2, the second kind of children: Before eating, the teacher said with a good emotional contagion child, such as: consciously sniffing: "Wow, today's food is really delicious. You see, Chen Jing and Wen Ya, like teachers, smell the fragrance and taste delicious! " Children will also stutter like me. Some children who have developed the habit of chewing slowly don't like to eat too much and often stare at a big bowl of rice in a daze; So I lowered my requirements, reminding and urging nurses not to fill their meals too full before meals, and not to rush them when eating. I encourage them to eat more and praise them after eating. I will praise or reward the child's progress in time, such as "Yu Jun's child is really capable and ate two bowls in a row", or reward Xiao Honghua. This will not only reduce the appetite, but also make children feel afraid of eating.
I will take special care of children with poor health and slow meals, such as Li Yuping. By asking my parents, I know that she is not good at eating with chopsticks, so I changed her spoon when eating, and often went to her side to encourage her. Sometimes it's too slow. I will take the initiative to feed her. Cold food is easy to get cold in winter, so change her food in time. Sometimes children are given seven or eight bowls of rice after meals, and now children can eat by themselves.
3. For the children with the third kind of bad eating habits, such as Wu Donglin, Lin Xuan and Chen Jie, I pay attention to adjusting my mood, don't scold them, always smile when I speak, and use the reading time after meals to tell them the story of "spill the beans", educate them to concentrate on eating, and urge them not to talk and concentrate on eating.
4. Children who eat too much, such as Wu Ningxin and Lin Junyi, consciously control their food intake under the guidance of the school doctor; Let them eat more vegetables, drink more soup and eat less meat and pasta. Remind them to chew slowly when eating, which is good for digestion.
(3) Improve the student duty system and encourage children to eat.
After the children entered the middle class, their sense of self-service was enhanced, and the new duty student system in our class became the focus of children's attention. The children are most concerned about whether it is their turn to be on duty today. I seized this educational opportunity to make pre-meal preparations with my children, guide them to help nurses set the table and distribute chopsticks. Before dinner, I specially reminded those students on duty who are slow to eat: "Today is your duty, please eat quickly, so that you can help your aunt clear the table and tidy up the chopsticks." Now the children can be active. After eating their own meals, they will remind the children who eat slowly to hurry up and not affect them to clear the table. Next, I asked the students on duty to urge the children to rinse their mouths and wipe their mouths. Gradually develop children's good eating habits.
(4) Family cooperation to correct children's bad eating habits.
In kindergarten, it is not enough to cultivate children's good living habits only at lunch time. Family education will play a great role in cultivating living habits. The famous educator Chen Heqin pointed out: "Family education should bear an important responsibility for the formation of good habits." Parents are requested to cooperate with kindergartens to achieve uniform standards and requirements, so that children can develop good eating habits.
1. Set up a dining table to let parents know about their children's dining in the garden.
I will show my parents the observed children's diet for a period of time in the form of a table, so that parents can know whether their children eat in the park, whether they are picky eaters and whether they have developed good eating habits, so as to cooperate with the teacher's purposeful supervision. Like Li Yuping, a child in the class, she eats slowly. At home, her father always feeds her and develops the habit of opening his mouth. We tell parents the disadvantages of this practice, which will cultivate children's dependence psychology and be unfavorable to their future growth; After getting the parents' knowledge, he was asked to cooperate with the academy and let the children eat by themselves.
2. Feedback the child's physical condition to parents in time and adjust the child's diet.
That day, I found Ye Zechao sitting in front of the table, his eyes dull. He didn't eat or say anything. I went up to him and asked him, "What's wrong with you?" His expression was uncomfortable: "I have an upset stomach." I poured him a glass of water, and he vomited as soon as he took a sip. I'll take him to the infirmary and ask Dr. Huang to have a look. Judging from his illness, he caught a cold. I promptly gave feedback to parents, asking them to pay attention to adjusting their children's diet and reducing their appetite.
On another occasion, Wu Ningxin said to me, "Teacher Cai, I have a toothache." My teeth really loosen when I touch them. At lunch, I reduce her appetite, pay close attention to her eating situation, and sometimes help her choose some soft food to eat, so as not to let her chew meat with her teeth. I remind parents to take their children to the hospital after school. The next day, when the children came to the garden, I eagerly asked about them. My parents said to me: The child is changing his teeth, and the doctor said that he can't eat hard food during this time. Thank you for your concern. In the past semester, with the cooperation of the family, the children's eating habits in our class have been greatly improved, and most children have formed good habits when eating.
Pavlov, a famous physiologist, once said: Habits are a chained conditioned reflex system. It can be seen that to develop good dining habits, we should not only do it according to certain requirements, but also insist on it for a long time without interruption. Only by unremitting efforts can we gradually develop good habits. In order to make children become healthy, smart, brave and strong pillars, let our family work together, let children develop good living habits from an early age and give them a gift to enjoy for life!