1, reduce water consumption: At present, the utilization of water resources in China, on the one hand, feels the shortage of water resources, on the other hand, it is very wasteful. Compared with developed countries, the water consumption per unit product in China is much higher. Large water consumption is not only a waste of water resources, but also an important cause of water environmental pollution. Through the technical transformation of enterprises, promoting clean production, reducing water consumption per unit product, using more water and improving the reuse rate of water have all been proved to be effective by practice.
2. Establish urban sewage treatment system: In order to control the development of water pollution, industrial enterprises must also actively control water pollution, especially the discharge of toxic pollutants must be treated or pretreated separately. With the adjustment of industrial layout and urban layout and the construction and improvement of urban drainage network, centralized treatment of urban sewage can be gradually realized, and urban sewage treatment can be combined with industrial wastewater treatment.
3. Adjustment of industrial structure: The natural purification capacity of water is limited, and a reasonable industrial layout can make full use of the natural capacity of the natural environment, turn the vicious circle into a virtuous circle, and play a role in developing the economy and controlling pollution. Shut down and transfer those enterprises with large water consumption, heavy pollution and high pollution control costs. It is also necessary to adjust the agricultural structure with large water consumption, especially to reduce the rice planting area in arid and semi-arid areas, and take the road of water-saving agriculture and sustainable development.
4. Control agricultural non-point source pollution: Agricultural non-point source pollution includes rural domestic source pollution, agricultural non-point source pollution, livestock and poultry breeding pollution and aquaculture pollution. Non-point source pollution is more difficult to solve than industrial pollution and domestic sewage in large and medium-sized cities, and it needs to be controlled through comprehensive prevention and ecological agriculture demonstration projects.
5. Develop new water sources: China's industrial, agricultural and domestic water-saving potential is not small, so it is necessary to do a good job in water saving and emission reduction and reduce water consumption per unit GDP. The implementation of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project has played an important role in alleviating the serious water shortage in northern China. Building reservoirs, exploiting groundwater and purifying seawater can alleviate the increasingly tense pressure on water resources, but the impact on ecological environment and social environment should be fully considered when building reservoirs and exploiting groundwater.
6. Strengthen the planning and management of water resources: Water resources planning is the main component of regional planning, urban planning and industrial and agricultural development planning, and should be carried out simultaneously with other planning. Rational development must also be based on water supply and demand, implement water quota, develop and utilize surface water, groundwater and sewage resources in a unified way, prevent surface water sources from drying up and groundwater level from falling, and earnestly achieve rational development, comprehensive utilization, active protection and scientific management. Make use of market mechanism and economic lever to promote the conservation of water resources, sewage management and its resource utilization. In order to effectively control water pollution, management should gradually transition from centralized management to total control management.
Treatment method of water pollution
The main measures to prevent and control water pollution are as follows:
(1) Reduce and eliminate the amount of wastewater discharged by pollutants. First of all, we can use reforming process to reduce or even not discharge wastewater, or reduce the toxicity of toxic wastewater. Secondly, wastewater reuse. Try to use water reuse and circulation system to minimize wastewater discharge or recycle production wastewater after proper treatment. For example, electroplating wastewater is circulated in a closed loop, and blast furnace gas washing wastewater is precipitated and cooled before being used for washing. Third, control the concentration of pollutants in wastewater and recycle useful products. As far as possible, the raw materials and products lost in wastewater can be separated from water and recycled on the spot, which can not only reduce the production cost, but also reduce the concentration of wastewater. Fourth, treat urban garbage and industrial waste residue to avoid water pollution caused by erosion and dissolution of precipitation or runoff.
(2) Overall planning, rational layout and comprehensive regional management. First, when formulating regional planning, urban construction planning and industrial zone planning, we should consider the water pollution problem and take preventive measures against possible water pollution. The second is comprehensive planning to comprehensively control the source of water pollution. Third, put an end to the arbitrary discharge of industrial wastewater and urban sewage and set standards. Wastewater from the same industry should be treated centrally to reduce the number of pollution sources and facilitate management. Finally, there are plans to treat the polluted water.
(3) Strengthen monitoring and management, and formulate laws and control standards. First, establish national and local environmental protection management institutions, implement relevant environmental protection laws and control standards, and coordinate and supervise various departments and factories to protect the environment and protect water sources. Second, promulgate relevant laws and regulations and formulate specific provisions for protecting water bodies and controlling and treating water pollution.
Measures to control water pollution
When pollutants enter rivers, lakes, groundwater and other water bodies, their contents exceed the natural purification ability of water bodies, change the physical and chemical properties of water bodies and water sediments or the composition of biological communities, thus reducing the use value and function of water bodies, which is called water pollution. A large number of inorganic and organic pollutants enter the water body, which not only destroys the aquatic ecosystem, but also harms human health, causing water shortage and affecting people's industrial and agricultural production and life.
To solve the problem of water pollution in China, we should consider comprehensively from many aspects and make unremitting efforts. The countermeasures are:
1, reduce water consumption: At present, the utilization of water resources in China, on the one hand, feels the shortage of water resources, on the other hand, it is very wasteful. Compared with developed countries, the water consumption per unit product in China is much higher. Large water consumption is not only a waste of water resources, but also an important cause of water environmental pollution.
Through the technical transformation of enterprises, promoting clean production, reducing water consumption per unit product, using more water and improving the reuse rate of water have all been proved to be effective by practice.
2. Establish urban sewage treatment system: In order to control the development of water pollution, industrial enterprises must also actively control water pollution, especially the discharge of toxic pollutants must be treated or pretreated separately. With the adjustment of industrial layout and urban layout and the construction and improvement of urban drainage network, centralized treatment of urban sewage can be gradually realized, and urban sewage treatment can be combined with industrial wastewater treatment.
3. Adjustment of industrial structure: The natural purification capacity of water is limited, and a reasonable industrial layout can make full use of the natural capacity of the natural environment, turn the vicious circle into a virtuous circle, and play a role in developing the economy and controlling pollution. Shut down and transfer those enterprises with large water consumption, heavy pollution and high pollution control costs. It is also necessary to adjust the agricultural structure with large water consumption, especially to reduce the rice planting area in arid and semi-arid areas, and take the road of water-saving agriculture and sustainable development.
4. Control agricultural non-point source pollution: Agricultural non-point source pollution includes rural domestic source pollution, agricultural non-point source pollution, livestock and poultry breeding pollution and aquaculture pollution. Non-point source pollution is more difficult to solve than industrial pollution and domestic sewage in large and medium-sized cities, and it needs to be controlled through comprehensive prevention and ecological agriculture demonstration projects.
5. Develop new water sources: China's industrial, agricultural and domestic water-saving potential is not small, so it is necessary to do a good job in water saving and emission reduction and reduce water consumption per unit GDP. The implementation of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project has played an important role in alleviating the serious water shortage in northern China. Building reservoirs, exploiting groundwater and purifying seawater can alleviate the increasingly tense pressure on water resources, but the impact on ecological environment and social environment should be fully considered when building reservoirs and exploiting groundwater.
6. Strengthen the planning and management of water resources: Water resources planning is the main component of regional planning, urban planning and industrial and agricultural development planning, and should be carried out simultaneously with other planning.
Rational development must also be based on water supply and demand, implement water quota, develop and utilize surface water, groundwater and sewage resources in a unified way, prevent surface water sources from drying up and groundwater level from falling, and earnestly achieve rational development, comprehensive utilization, active protection and scientific management.
Make use of market mechanism and economic lever to promote the conservation of water resources, sewage management and its resource utilization. In order to effectively control water pollution, management should gradually transition from centralized management to total control management.
How to solve the problem of water pollution
The water pollution crisis is getting more and more serious. So how can we prevent it? Rong Sheng water purifier experts pointed out that drinking water needs to be purified before it is the healthiest. Household water purifiers can better remove water pollution, and you can pay attention to Rong Sheng water purifiers for more information!
What are the measures to control water pollution?
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How to prevent water pollution
China is actively taking five measures to strengthen water pollution control and protect the water environment. Accelerate the construction of urban sewage treatment plants and collection pipe networks; Strengthen the prevention and control of industrial pollution, promote cleaner production in key enterprises, reduce emission intensity, reduce industrial pollution and alleviate environmental pressure; Promote the management of key river basins; Strengthen pollution control in agriculture and rural areas; Strengthen water source protection and prevent water source pollution.
1. Investigate the source of water pollution regularly. According to the types of water pollution, conduct regular surveys, observe on the spot, collect sewage discharge data, entrust local health and epidemic prevention or environmental protection departments to analyze water samples from sewage outlets, and organize the survey results into written materials to predict the development trend of pollution. The survey time is generally once a year, and the scale is relatively large. It is best to investigate with the health and epidemic prevention and environmental protection departments. If the water quality changes, the number of investigations will increase accordingly.
2. Strengthen the water quality monitoring in the upstream of the water source. The monitoring items mainly choose items that have an impact on water sources, such as turbidity, chromaticity, odor, visible objects, etc. , can reflect the sensory characteristics of water; Reflect organic pollution, such as dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrogen (ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and nitrate); Microbial indicators reflecting bacterial pollution, etc. Eutrophication plus monitoring of algae and plankton.
3. Control pollution sources according to law. Water pollution prevention and control is a popular project related to people's health. The pollution sources that have affected the water quality of water sources must be treated according to law, and the pollution sources must be effectively treated in accordance with the laws and regulations promulgated by the State, such as Water Law, Environmental Protection Law, Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water, Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard and Urban Water Supply Regulations.
As middle school students, how should we prevent water pollution?
1, the domestic water can be used for multiple purposes, the water for washing clothes can be used for flushing toilets, and the water for washing rice can be used for watering flowers and saving water.
2. When traveling or playing outside, don't litter, peel, food residue, etc. Into urban rivers and scenic rivers.
3. Try to divide the garbage into recyclable and non-recyclable, and don't throw away the used batteries at will, which will cause heavy metal pollution in the water.
4. If you find that you have stolen sewage, you should report it. If your relatives and friends have the above behaviors, you should patiently persuade them to correct them.
Take care of every inch of the country like your own home, so that the mountains and rivers can be beautiful and clear.
What measures have people taken to control water pollution?
Reduce and eliminate the amount of wastewater discharged by pollution sources. Overall planning, rational layout and comprehensive regional management. Strengthen monitoring management and formulate laws and control standards. Do not litter and try not to use phosphorus-containing washing powder.