Summer is coming, and there are more mosquitoes. Many birds with friends have tumors and cells on their heads, claws and tips, indicating that birds have "bird pox". Avian pox pathogen: Avian pox is a contact infectious disease caused by avian pox virus.
The remarkable characteristics of this disease are temporary inflammatory process, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of epidermis and feather sac, inclusion bodies in cytoplasm, and finally scab skin shedding.
Avian pox virus is distributed all over the world. At present, there are several poxviruses, such as myna, sparrows, canaries, Aoqiong, thrush, European fowlpox, parrot pox, crane pox, quail pox, Juncus, pigeon pox, myna pox and other ornamental fowlpox, and each virus is only susceptible to the same host. The mortality rate of canary pox is as high as 90%, and it usually dies within 8~ 12 days after infection. At the same time, it can make sparrows and rice-eating birds sick, and the incubation period is only 4 days.
"Bird pox" is easy to infect birds of all ages and can occur all year round, especially in spring and autumn and the season when mosquitoes are active. Crowding, poor ventilation, darkness and humidity, vitamin deficiency or improper feeding management are all easy to cause pox infection. Symptoms are divided into skin type, diphtheria type and mixed pox disease.
1) skin type: skin pox virus infects damaged skin. This species mostly occurs in eyelids, corners of the mouth, eyes, claws, ear balls, skin around cloaca and inside wings. At first, a thin layer of gray wheat skin-like covering appeared, and then scattered papules of different sizes appeared, which quickly became blisters and gradually grew up. It was gray at first, and then turned into gray-yellow nodules, such as mung beans and peas. After scabbing, depressions are formed, ranging from a few to many, which are densely distributed in the skin of the head and legs. Bean scab usually falls off after 3~4 weeks. In severe cases, loss of appetite, poor spirit, dyspnea, enteritis, elevated body temperature and death within one week.
Give up treatment for poultry with diphtheria and mixed pox.
2) Treatment: There is no specific medicine for birds suffering from pox. The main cause of death of sick birds is infection. The way to prevent infection is to wash the eyes and skin lesions of infected birds with 0.9% normal saline and apply chlortetracycline or erythromycin ointment 2~3 times a day to prevent secondary infection. It is best to use good quality chloramphenicol eye drops for eyes, or acyclovir ointment for external use.
If some acne is infected and ulcerated, wash it with normal saline, apply iodine, then use 75% alcohol to remove iodine, and then apply chlortetracycline ointment, or mix norfloxacin with honey and apply it on the focus to accelerate the healing of the focus. It can be treated with morpholine gung, or you can put acyclovir tablets in a drinking tank. Antibiotics such as acetylspiramycin and flemoxin can be used to prevent and treat secondary infections.
Fremoxin: it is also put into the drinking water tank for 3~7 days;
Put acetylspiramycin 1 tablet into the drinking water tank every day. If the infection is serious, double it for the first time and keep it for 5~7 days. This product has little toxicity.
For birds with acne on wings and tips, I use the method of treating pigeons. The diseased birds will scab and heal quickly with glacial acetic acid. For birds with acne on eyelids, corners of the mouth, legs and claws, my method is to peel off most of the epidermis of acne (the internal tissue of acne is like carrion, and the epidermis is easy to peel off when it gets wet in the newspaper), then squeeze the affected area with a cotton swab and squeeze the pus out until it flows out to donate blood. If acne is not removed or treated in time, birds may be blind, unable to provide nutrition, emaciated and die, or die of other complications. Sick birds must strengthen nutrition.
Finally, I want to talk about the prevention of "bird pox". I look for relevant information online and in bookstores. In all the information I have found, the source of infection of "bird pox" is mosquitoes. In addition, blood-sucking mites and sick birds are both sources of infection.
If there is indoor heating in winter in the north, parasites multiply on birds, and if there is virus, it is also the root cause of bird pox.
Finally, I want to say a few questions about disinfection. 84 disinfectant sold by daily disinfection pharmacies can be disinfected. However, it is not easy to disinfect cages and other items that have suffered from "bird pox" because the main component of disinfectant is sodium hypochlorite. If conditions permit, peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide can also be used. Avian pox virus is chlorine-resistant. People with allergies should not use it for disinfection with soda water. The cages and birdcages of birds with avian pox should be disinfected by spraying 1%~5% sodium hydroxide or 0. 1%~0.5% peracetic acid.
It is best to inoculate canary pox vaccine to prevent bird pox in bird cages and cages where birds have suffered from bird pox. If there is no canary pox vaccine, healthy birds can be vaccinated with fowlpox vaccine. At present, there are two kinds of fowlpox vaccines used, namely, fowlpox quail attenuated vaccine and fowlpox quail attenuated cell vaccine.
The inoculation method is as follows: dip 100~200 times diluted vaccine with an inoculation needle or sterile pen, and subcutaneously inoculate 1 needle on both sides of the avascular wings. After 3 ~ 4 days, the puncture site of the seed will be red and swollen, resulting in nodules and scabs, which will naturally fall off after 2~3 weeks. 5~ 10 days after inoculation, the condition of acne was checked, and there was no replantation of acne.
Immunization is generally carried out in spring and autumn, and the immunization period is 1 year. In addition, generally speaking, birds that have suffered from avian pox are immune.
I want to get a chicken pox vaccine this year, but I feel that vaccination is more irritating to poultry and produces adverse reactions. So I have been using mosquito-repellent incense in summer until there are no mosquitoes. If there are still sick this year, I will definitely go for vaccination next year!
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