First of all, the family education method is improper, and parents' educational concepts are backward and weak. Some parents think that the task of parents is to let their children eat well, dress well and not get sick. Parents are willing to invest in their children's food, clothing, housing, transportation and physical health, but ignore their children's mental health. According to the local survey of parents of young children, 80% parents attach importance to the acquisition of knowledge. When parents pick up their children, they care about how much knowledge they have learned today and what nutritious food they have eaten, but they don't pay attention to the cultivation of good behavior habits of children. Even some parents directly ask schools and teachers to let their children learn some difficult knowledge, thinking that children will recite ancient poems and be smart if they can count, regardless of the rules of early childhood education. Nowadays, most children are only children, and parents have high expectations for their children. Everyone has the wrong idea of "pulling out seedlings to encourage them." Parents know nothing about the degree of knowledge acquisition, but ignore the education of their children's mental health. Secondly, another aspect of the formation of children's bad psychological factors is caused by single-parent families. It is often said that Fiona Fang cannot live without rules. All children want to have a warm home, and they all need maternal love and fatherly love, which are indispensable. Some parents often quarrel in front of their children regardless of their existence and feelings. Some parents take it out on their children when they are in a bad mood, which will make them feel scared. Over time, their personalities will become eccentric and depressed.
Second, the influence of school education factors.
"Kindergarten Regulations" emphasizes that early childhood education is an all-round development of children's body, intelligence, morality and beauty, and promotes the harmonious development of children's body and mind. Actually. Most kindergartens often only pay attention to children's physical health care, while ignoring children's psychological health care. In addition, teachers' words and deeds, educational methods and methods are improper, which leads to children's mental health. Comenius once said, "The teacher's role model is to educate students, and ultimately affect their lives. "This is enough to show that the teacher's personality, words and deeds, and the teacher's attitude towards young children will affect the mental health of young children, not to mention that kindergartens care and educate children over 3-6 years old. Children of this age are heavily dependent on ideas, with poor self-control and strong imitation. Therefore, teachers play a subtle role in it. For example, teachers' bad temper, impermanence, eccentricity, lack of sympathy and love will have a negative impact on children's psychology. Poor education methods of preschool teachers, such as corporal punishment or disguised corporal punishment when children make mistakes, or severely reprimanding children, will affect their mental health, and even lead children to be tired of learning and unwilling to go to kindergarten.
Third, the influence of social environment.
Some unhealthy social atmosphere: all kinds of theaters, all kinds of TV, books and periodicals, internet cafes, etc. They all affect children's mental health, and the people and things that children are in direct contact with are directly related to children's mental health. As far as I can see with my own eyes, there are often 7- 12-year-old pupils in game halls or internet cafes, and sometimes even younger children; Some parents let their children play video games to attract them for convenience, thinking that it is enough not to make trouble, and some families let their children get in touch with the internet too early. As everyone knows, these behaviors have laid a hidden danger for their physical and mental health development. With the development of society, these problems are becoming more and more prominent.
Facing the increasingly rich and attractive living environment, how to protect children's mental health? I think we should start from the following aspects:
(A) establish a correct orientation of family education.
Parents are children's first teachers and the most trustworthy people in the world. Children's personality is cultivated from an early age, and parents' educational methods and personality characteristics have a profound impact on children's young minds. Good family education will cultivate mentally healthy children. As parents, we should first change our concepts. We should not only pursue whether our children are well fed and well dressed, but also pay attention to their mental health. Therefore, parents should start from me in everything, set an example in front of their children, pay attention to maintaining their parents' image, correct their shortcomings and mistakes, actively adjust their mentality, try to see the bright side of things as much as possible, look at society with goodwill, have a tolerant attitude and positively evaluate their children. Secondly, we should change some traditional educational methods. Don't always educate children by blaming and reprimanding, but be good at discovering the bright spots of children. With regard to capturing the advantages of children, we should leave room for their progress, praise them more and criticize them less. When we see their progress, we should praise and encourage them and let them feel the joy of progress. Parents' requirements for their children should be what children can do through hard work and should conform to their age characteristics. The requirements should not be too high, otherwise it will only dampen their enthusiasm and self-esteem. Secondly, it is necessary to create a good family atmosphere for children, let them have a warm and harmonious home, and use more polite expressions in front of children, so that children can receive a good education from an early age. Let children participate in housework as much as possible, let them integrate into family life and enjoy democratic and equal status at home.
(2) Establish the correct educational orientation of the school.
The main task of preschool education is to cultivate children's all-round physical, intellectual, moral and aesthetic development and promote the harmonious development of children's body and mind. In the process of education, we should not only pay attention to children's physical health, but also pay attention to their mental health. As a school, it is not only responsible for imparting knowledge to children, but also for their mental health. As a teacher, we should change the traditional educational methods. In addition to loving preschool education, preschool teachers should constantly improve their personality and prevent emotional extremes. Teachers' words and deeds have a positive impact on children. They should be good at discovering the bright spots of children, respecting them and treating them equally. Maslow has a famous diagnosis: the healthiest self-esteem is based on the respect that others deserve. Therefore, it is necessary to establish equal teacher-student relationship, establish children's self-confidence, give children more praise and recognition, stimulate children's positive emotions, and strengthen children's good behavior habits. For example, teachers should patiently teach children bad behavior, and there should be no irony, sarcasm, corporal punishment or corporal punishment in disguise.
(3) Create a good social environment.
Environmental factors are external factors that affect the healthy growth of mental health. Whether it is Montessori's educational thought, Zhu Luolun's view of educational environment or the principle of "environmental education" put forward by us today, it shows the importance of environment in early childhood education and is also a major feature of modern education. As Piaget, a famous psychologist, said, "Children's cognitive development is formed actively in the interaction with the surrounding environment." The Regulations on Kindergarten Management also lists "creating a good environment suitable for education and providing opportunities and conditions for children's activities and performances" as an important educational principle, and strives to create a social environment for children's healthy growth. To form an environment for children's healthy growth, mental health education activities can be formulated according to children's age characteristics, such as: loving home, hometown, motherland and other education; From an early age, children should be trained to get along well with the people around them, know how to help each other, care for each other, unite and be friendly, and let them participate in social welfare activities appropriately and experience some beautiful moral qualities in the world.