1. Reinforcement method and reinforcement method are used to cultivate new adaptive behavior. According to the learning principle, after an action happens, it will happen again if it is followed by an intensive stimulus. For example, a student is afraid to talk to the teacher, and he doesn't have the courage to ask the teacher for advice when he encounters problems in his study. When he dares to take the initiative to ask the teacher for advice, the teacher will praise him and answer questions patiently, and students can learn to take the initiative to ask the teacher for advice.
2. Cognitive therapy and cognitive therapy came into being in the United States in 1960s and 1970s. It is a psychotherapy method that changes patients' bad cognition through cognitive and behavioral techniques according to the theoretical hypothesis that people's cognitive process affects their emotions and behaviors, so as to correct and adapt to bad behaviors. Cognitive therapy is a newly developed psychotherapy method, which mainly aims at patients' non-functional cognitive problems and aims to change and improve psychological problems by changing patients' views and attitudes towards themselves, people or things.
3. System desensitization method System desensitization means that when some people have sensitive reactions (fear, anxiety and uneasiness) to something and an environment, we can develop an incompatible reaction among the parties, so that we can no longer have sensitive reactions to things that might have caused sensitive reactions. For example, if a student is too afraid of cats, we can let him choose to look at photos of cats and talk about them. Let him look at the cat in the cage from a distance and let him get close to the cat in the cage; Finally, let him touch the cat, hold it up, and eliminate the fear reaction to the cat. This is "desensitization".